diff --git a/packages/jest-transform/src/ScriptTransformer.ts b/packages/jest-transform/src/ScriptTransformer.ts
index dca4aa3492ba..f15cf8304e86 100644
--- a/packages/jest-transform/src/ScriptTransformer.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-transform/src/ScriptTransformer.ts
@@ -933,6 +933,12 @@ const readCacheFile = (cachePath: Config.Path): string | null => {
   try {
     fileData = fs.readFileSync(cachePath, 'utf8');
   } catch (e) {
+    // on windows write-file-atomic is not atomic which can
+    // result in this error
+    if (e.code === 'ENOENT' && process.platform === 'win32') {
+      return null;
+    }
+
     e.message =
       'jest: failed to read cache file: ' +
       cachePath +