diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_ascii.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_ascii.cc
index 6764845dfca81..58ba961e55024 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_ascii.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_ascii.cc
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <iterator>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include "arrow/compute/api_scalar.h"
 
 #ifdef ARROW_WITH_RE2
 #include <re2/re2.h>
@@ -2436,6 +2437,7 @@ void AddAsciiStringReplaceSlice(FunctionRegistry* registry) {
 
 namespace {
 struct SliceBytesTransform : StringSliceTransformBase {
+  using StringSliceTransformBase::StringSliceTransformBase;
   int64_t MaxCodeunits(int64_t ninputs, int64_t input_bytes) override {
     const SliceOptions& opt = *this->options;
     if ((opt.start >= 0) != (opt.stop >= 0)) {
@@ -2568,6 +2570,27 @@ struct SliceBytesTransform : StringSliceTransformBase {
 
     return dest - output;
   }
+
+  static int32_t FixedOutputSize(SliceOptions options, int32_t input_width_32) {
+    auto step = options.step;
+    auto start = options.start;
+    auto stop = options.stop;
+    auto input_width = static_cast<int64_t>(input_width_32);
+
+    if (start < 0) {
+      start = std::max(0L, start + input_width);
+    }
+    if (stop < 0) {
+      stop = std::max(0L, stop + input_width);
+    }
+    start = std::min(start, input_width);
+    stop = std::min(stop, input_width);
+
+    if ((start >= stop and step > 0) || (start <= stop and step < 0) || start == stop) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+    return std::max(0L, (stop - start + (step - (step > 0 ? 1 : -1))) / step);
+  }
 };
 
 template <typename Type>
@@ -2594,6 +2617,12 @@ void AddAsciiStringSlice(FunctionRegistry* registry) {
     DCHECK_OK(
         func->AddKernel({ty}, ty, std::move(exec), SliceBytesTransform::State::Init));
   }
+  using TransformExec = FixedSizeBinaryTransformExecWithState<SliceBytesTransform>;
+  ScalarKernel fsb_kernel({InputType(Type::FIXED_SIZE_BINARY)},
+                          OutputType(TransformExec::OutputType), TransformExec::Exec,
+                          StringSliceTransformBase::State::Init);
+  fsb_kernel.mem_allocation = MemAllocation::NO_PREALLOCATE;
+  DCHECK_OK(func->AddKernel(std::move(fsb_kernel)));
   DCHECK_OK(registry->AddFunction(std::move(func)));
 }
 
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_internal.h b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_internal.h
index 1a9969441655d..a3ba48d41d89d 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_internal.h
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_internal.h
@@ -250,6 +250,8 @@ struct StringSliceTransformBase : public StringTransformBase {
   using State = OptionsWrapper<SliceOptions>;
 
   const SliceOptions* options;
+  StringSliceTransformBase() = default;
+  explicit StringSliceTransformBase(const SliceOptions& options) : options{&options} {}
 
   Status PreExec(KernelContext* ctx, const ExecSpan& batch, ExecResult* out) override {
     options = &State::Get(ctx);
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_test.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_test.cc
index ff14f5e7a5c5d..516be92210fe6 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_test.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_string_test.cc
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
+#include "arrow/type_fwd.h"
 
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
@@ -712,6 +713,95 @@ TEST_F(TestFixedSizeBinaryKernels, BinaryLength) {
              "[6, null, 6]");
 }
 
+TEST_F(TestFixedSizeBinaryKernels, SliceBytesBasic) {
+  SliceOptions options{2, 4};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(2),
+             R"(["ca", "fd"])", &options);
+
+  SliceOptions options_edgecase_1{-3, 1};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(0),
+             R"(["", ""])", &options_edgecase_1);
+
+  SliceOptions options_edgecase_2{-10, -3};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(3),
+             R"(["abc", "def"])", &options_edgecase_2);
+
+  auto input = ArrayFromJSON(this->type(), R"(["foobaz"])");
+  EXPECT_RAISES_WITH_MESSAGE_THAT(
+      Invalid,
+      testing::HasSubstr("Function 'binary_slice' cannot be called without options"),
+      CallFunction("binary_slice", {input}));
+
+  SliceOptions options_invalid{2, 4, 0};
+  EXPECT_RAISES_WITH_MESSAGE_THAT(
+      Invalid, testing::HasSubstr("Slice step cannot be zero"),
+      CallFunction("binary_slice", {input}, &options_invalid));
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestFixedSizeBinaryKernels, SliceBytesPosPos) {
+  SliceOptions options_step{1, 5, 2};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(2),
+             R"(["ba", "ed"])", &options_step);
+
+  SliceOptions options_step_neg{5, 0, -2};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(3),
+             R"(["cab", "fde"])", &options_step_neg);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestFixedSizeBinaryKernels, SliceBytesPosNeg) {
+  SliceOptions options{2, -1};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(3),
+             R"(["cab", "fde"])", &options);
+
+  SliceOptions options_step{1, -1, 2};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(2),
+             R"(["ba", "ed"])", &options_step);
+
+  SliceOptions options_step_neg{5, -4, -2};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(2),
+             R"(["ca", "fd"])", &options_step_neg);
+
+  options_step_neg.stop = -6;
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(3),
+             R"(["cab", "fde"])", &options_step_neg);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestFixedSizeBinaryKernels, SliceBytesNegNeg) {
+  SliceOptions options{-2, -1};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(1),
+             R"(["b", "e"])", &options);
+
+  SliceOptions options_step{-4, -1, 2};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(2),
+             R"(["cb", "fe"])", &options_step);
+
+  SliceOptions options_step_neg{-1, -3, -2};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(1),
+             R"(["c", "f"])", &options_step_neg);
+
+  options_step_neg.stop = -4;
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(2),
+             R"(["ca", "fd"])", &options_step_neg);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestFixedSizeBinaryKernels, SliceBytesNegPos) {
+  SliceOptions options{-2, 4};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(0),
+             R"(["", ""])", &options);
+
+  SliceOptions options_step{-4, 5, 2};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(2),
+             R"(["cb", "fe"])", &options_step);
+
+  SliceOptions options_step_neg{-1, 1, -2};
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(2),
+             R"(["ca", "fd"])", &options_step_neg);
+
+  options_step_neg.stop = 0;
+  CheckUnary("binary_slice", R"(["abcabc", "defdef"])", fixed_size_binary(3),
+             R"(["cab", "fde"])", &options_step_neg);
+}
+
 TEST_F(TestFixedSizeBinaryKernels, BinaryReplaceSlice) {
   ReplaceSliceOptions options{0, 1, "XX"};
   CheckUnary("binary_replace_slice", "[]", fixed_size_binary(7), "[]", &options);