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<article id="post-298" class="post-298 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-llocs-al-mon tag-america-latina tag-bolivia tag-potosi">
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<h1 class="entry-title">El pasado de Potosí (I)</h1>
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<span class="posted-on">Publicado el </span><a href="index.html%3Fp=298.html" title="08:35" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2011-07-12T08:35:17+00:00">12/07/2011</time></a><span class="byline"> <span class="by"> por </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="author/cram1010/index.html" title="Ver todas las entradas de Marc" rel="author">Marc</a></span></span></div><!-- .entry-meta -->
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<p>A 4090 metros sobre el nivel del mar, <a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potosi">Potosí</a> (en el centro-sur de Bolivia) es la ciudad más alta del mundo. Paradójicamente, también se puede afirmar que es una de las ciudades que ha tenido que vivir con la cabeza más baja a lo largo de toda la historia.</p>
<p>El motivo de la <a href="http://enruta.lamarciana.com/index.php?lang=es&current=stories&subcurrent=potosi&subsubcurrent=01.png">existencia y la desgracia de Potosí</a> es uno mismo: la plata. Cuando a un boliviano se le pregunta sobre esta ciudad, es muy probable que junte las manos en forma de pirámide para hacer referencia al Cerro Rico, la montaña a los pies de la cual descansa. Acto seguido, quizás allane un poco la punta de los dedos para así representar como ésta ha ido disminuyendo de altura. A lo largo de los siglos, el Cerro Rico ha ido escupiendo toneladas de plata a la misma velocidad que se ha tragado las vidas de los mineros que la han trabajado.</p>
<div class="wp-caption aligncenter">
<img title="cerroRicoPotosi.png" src="wp-content/uploads/2011/07/cerroRicoPotosi.png" class="aligncenter" /></p>
<p class="wp-caption-text">El Cerro Rico de Potosí.</p>
</div>
<p>Algunos aseguran que con la plata usurpada al Cerro Rico durante el dominio español, se habría podido construir un puente para unir Potosí a España y que aún habría sobrado metal para transportar aprovechando la nueva infraestructura. Quizás sea un poco exagerado, pero lo que está claro es que las entrañas de esta montaña ayudaron decisivamente al progreso de lo qué ahora algunos llaman Occidente. Igual que pasó en otros lugares, como por ejemplo en las plantaciones tropicales, los indígenas y los esclavos traídos de África se convirtieron en un simple combustible a consumir para hacer funcionar la máquina de generar riquezas.</p>
<p>Cuenta la leyenda que, antes de la llegada de los españoles, el inca Huayna Cápac, enfermo, se hizo llevar a unas aguas termales que debían ayudarlo a sanar. De camino, se encontró con el <span lang="qu">Sumaj Orcko</span>, o cerro precioso en quechua, del cual había escuchado grandes elogios dedicados a su forma cónica perfecta y a su gama de tonalidades rojizas. En aquellos tiempos, la plata y el oro que el imperio extraía no se utilizaban para comerciar sino tan sólo como ofrendas a los dioses. Las sospechas de que en el interior de aquel cerro podrían haber metales preciosos impulsó al inca a organizar una expedición con el objetivo de embellecer todavía más el Templo del Sol de Cuzco, capital del imperio inca. Pero cuando los mineros intentaron agujerear la piedra y extraer la primera veta de plata, una terrible voz, como si se tratara de un trueno, surgió de lo más profundo de debajo de sus pies: “No es para vosotros; Dios reserva estas riquezas para los que vienen de más allá”. Los incas, tomados por el pánico, huyeron y, a partir de entonces, aquella montaña pasó a ser conocida como <span lang="qu">Potojsi</span>, que significa “explosión”. </p>
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<img title="nensPotosi.png" src="wp-content/uploads/2011/07/nensPotosi.png" class="aligncenter" /></p>
<p class="wp-caption-text">Niños jugando en el actual Potosí.</p>
</div>
<p>Pero un llamero inca, de nombre Diego Huallpa, cambió el curso de la historia. Corría el año 1545 y los españoles ya hacía tiempo que habían llegado al que, para ellos, era un nuevo mundo. Como hacía siempre, Diego salió para que sus llamas, extraordinarias supervivientes capaces de aprovechar lo poco que crece a 4000 metros, se alimentaran. Aquel día, sin embargo, dos de ellas se escaparon y Diego empezó a perseguirlas. Al llegar la noche todavía no habían aparecido y, para no morir de frío, se acunó a la pared de la montaña y encendió una hoguera. Fue en aquel momento cuando la luz del fuego se reflejó en una veta de plata pura y reveló así el gran secreto escondido.</p>
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5 comentarios en “<span>El pasado de Potosí (I)</span>”</h2>
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<a href="index.html%3Fp=298.html#comment-51"><time datetime="2011-07-13T12:05:13+00:00">
13/07/2011 a las 12:05 </time></a>
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<div class="comment-content"><p>No sé què passa Marc… hi ha una relació de causa efecte entre llegir els articles dels teus viatges i de cop, sense adonar-me’n, notar que ja tinc la motxilla a l’esquena per començar a viatjar <img src="http://www.marcbusque.org/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_biggrin.gif" alt=":-D" class="wp-smiley" /> </p>
<p>M’agraden molt el primer i el segon parràgraf,són molt plàstics!!</p>
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<a href="index.html%3Fp=298.html#comment-52"><time datetime="2011-07-13T19:27:28+00:00">
13/07/2011 a las 19:27 </time></a>
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<div class="comment-content"><p>Gràcies, Jaume! Doncs res, il·lustre viatger, com ja saps tan sols falta obrir la porta i començar a recórrer món <img src="http://www.marcbusque.org/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif" alt=":)" class="wp-smiley" /> </p>
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<a href="index.html%3Fp=298.html#comment-142"><time datetime="2011-10-20T19:36:39+00:00">
20/10/2011 a las 19:36 </time></a>
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<div class="comment-content"><p>muy lindo</p>
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<a href="index.html%3Fp=298.html#comment-143"><time datetime="2011-10-20T21:43:25+00:00">
20/10/2011 a las 21:43 </time></a>
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<div class="comment-content"><p>Muchas gracias, se. Encantado de que lo hayas leído.</p>
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<p>Retroenlace: <a href='index.html%3Fp=931.html' rel='external nofollow' class='url'>El Alto, la inquietud de La Paz | MARC BUSQUÉ</a></p>
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