A Docker volume driver plugin for mounting a LizardFS filesystem. Allows you to transparently provide storage for your Docker containers using LizardFS. This plugin can be used in combination with LizardFS Docker Image to create a fully containerized, clustered storage solution for Docker Swarm. Documentation and development are still in progress. A guide for getting started with Swarm can be found in Getting Started. The Swarm usage will likely be changed soon in favor of combining the LizardFS services with the plugin.
Before you can use the plugin you must have:
- A running LizardFS cluster that your Docker host can access. We recommend using https://github.com/lizardfs/lizardfs-docker-for-testing to get a vanilla cluster running in no time.
- A directory on the LizardFS filesystem that can be used by the plugin to store Docker volumes. This can be any normal directory. By default, the plugin will use
/docker/volumes, but this can be changed ( see REMOTE_PATH ).
Once these conditions are met, you are ready to install the plugin.
The plugin is simple use and can be installed as a Docker container without having to install any other system dependencies.
$ docker plugin install --alias lizardfs lizardfscom/lizardfs-volume-plugin HOST=mfsmaster PORT=9421
Docker will prompt asking if you want to grant the permissions required to run the plugin. Select yes, and the plugin will download and install.
Note: We set the plugin alias to
lizardfs. This is completely optional, but it allows us to refer to the plugin with a much shorter name. Throughout this readme, when reference is made to thelizardfsdriver, it is referring to this alias.
That's it! You can now see your newly installed Docker plugin by running docker plugin ls.
$ docker plugin ls
ID NAME DESCRIPTION ENABLED
4a08a23cf2eb lizardfs:latest LizardFS volume plugin for Docker true
You should now be able to create a Docker volume using our new lizardfs driver.
$ docker volume create --driver lizardfs lizard-vol
lizard-vol
You can see it by running docker volume ls.
$ docker volume ls
DRIVER VOLUME NAME
lizardfs:latest lizard-vol
Now that you have created the volume you can mount it into a container using its name. Let's mount it into an alpine container and put some data in it.
$ docker run -it --rm -v lizard-vol:/data alpine sh
/ $ cd /data # Switch to our volume mountpoint
/data $ cp -R /etc . # Copy the whole container /etc directory to it
/data $ ls # See that the copy was successful
etc
/data $ exit # Exit ( the container will be removed because of the --rm )We should now have a copy of the alpine container's whole /etc directory on our lizard-vol volume. You can verify this by checking the /docker/volumes/lizard-vol/ directory on your LizardFS installation. You should see the etc folder with all of its files and folders in it. Congratulations! You have successfully mounted your LizardFS filesytem into a docker container and stored data in it!
If you run another container, you can mount the same volume into it and that container will also see the data. Your data will stick around as long as that volume exists. When you are done with it, you can remove the volume by running docker volume rm lizard-vol.
Any number of containers on any number of hosts can mount the same volume at the same time. The only requirement is that each Docker host have the LizardFS plugin installed on it.
Transparent Data Storage ( No Hidden Metadata )
Each LizardFS Docker volume maps 1-to-1 to a directory on the LizardFS filesystem. All directories in the REMOTE_PATH on the LizardFS filesystem will be exposed as a Docker volume regardless of whether or not the directory was created by running docker volume create. There is no special metadata or any other extra information used by the plugin to keep track of what volumes exist. If there is a directory there, it is a Docker volume and it can be mounted ( and removed ) by the LizardFS plugin. This makes it easy to understand and allows you to manage your Docker volumes directly on the filesystem, if necessary, for things like backup and restore.
Using LizardFS for your Docker volumes means that you now get the benefit of LizardFS's global trash bin. Removed files and volumes can be restored using LizardFS's trash bin mechanism. Note that the plugin itself has nothing to do with this; it is a native feature of LizardFS.
It is also possible, if you have multiple LizardFS clusters, to install the plugin multiple times with different settings for the different clusters. For example, if you have two LizardFS clusters, one at mfsmaster1 and another at mfsmaster2, you can install the plugin two times, with different aliases, to allow you to create volumes on both clusters.
$ docker plugin install --alias lizardfs1 --grant-all-permissions lizardfscom/lizardfs-volume-plugin HOST=mfsmaster1 PORT=9421
$ docker plugin install --alias lizardfs2 --grant-all-permissions lizardfscom/lizardfs-volume-plugin HOST=mfsmaster2 PORT=9421
This gives you the ability to create volumes for both clusters by specifying either lizardfs1 or lizardfs2 as the volume driver when creating a volume.
The plugin has the ability to provide a volume that contains all of the LizardFS Docker volumes in it. This is called the Root Volume and is identical to mounting the configured REMOTE_PATH on your LizardFS filesystem into your container. This volume does not exist by default. The Root Volume is enabled by setting the ROOT_VOLUME_NAME to the name that you want the volume to have. You should pick a name that does not conflict with any other volume. If there is a volume with the same name as the Root Volume, the Root Volume will take precedence over the other volume.
There are a few different uses for the Root Volume. We designed the Root Volume feature to accommodate for containerized backup solutions. By mounting the Root Volume into a container that manages your Backups, you can backup all of your LizardFS Docker volumes without having to manually add a mount to the container every time you create a new volume that needs to be backed up.
The Root Volume also give you the ability to have containers create and remove LizardFS volumes without having to mount the Docker socket and make Docker API calls. Volumes can be added, removed, and otherwise manipulated simply by mounting the Root Volume and making the desired changes.
You can configure the plugin through plugin variables. You may set these variables at installation time by putting VARIABLE_NAME=value after the plugin name, or you can set them after the plugin has been installed using docker plugin set lizardfscom/lizardfs-volume-plugin VARIABLE_NAME=value.
Note: When configuring the plugin after installation, the plugin must first be disabled before you can set variables. There is no danger of accidentally setting variables while the plugin is enabled, though. Docker will simply tell you that it is not possible.
The hostname/ip address that will be used when connecting to the LizardFS master.
Note: The plugin runs in
hostnetworking mode. This means that even though it is in a container, it shares its network configuration with the host and should resolve all network addresses as the host system would.
Default: mfsmaster
The port on which to connect to the LizardFS master.
Default: 9421
Options passed to the mfsmount command when mounting LizardFS volumes. More information can be found in the LizardFS documentation.
Default: empty string
The path on the LizardFS filesystem that Docker volumes will be stored in. This path will be mounted for volume storage by the plugin and must exist on the LizardFS filesystem. The plugin fail to connect to the master server if the path does not exist.
Default: /docker/volumes
The name of the Root Volume. If specified, a special volume will be created of the given name will be created that will contain all of the LizardFS volumes. It is equivalent to mounting the REMOTE_PATH on the LizardFS filesystem. See Root Mount Option.
Default: empty string
The timeout for LizardFS mount commands. If a mount takes longer than the CONNECT_TIMEOUT in milliseconds, it will be terminated and the volume will not be mounted. This is to keep Docker operations from hanging in the event of an unresponsive master.
Default: 10000
Plugin logging level. Set to DEBUG to get more verbose log messages. Logs from Docker plugins can be found in the Docker log and will be suffixed with the plugin ID.
Default: INFO
Volume options are options that can be passed to Docker when creating a Docker volume. Volume options are set per volume, therefore setting an option for one volume does not set that option for any other volume.
Volume options can be passed in on the command line by
adding -o OptionName=value after the volume name. For example:
$ docker volume create -d lizardfs my-volume -o ReplicationGoal=3
The replication goal option can be used to set the LizardFS replication goal on a newly created volume. The goal can be any valid goal name or number that exists on the LizardFS master. See the LizardFS documentation for more information.
Note that even after a volume has been created, and a goal has been set, it is still possible to manually change the goal of the volume directory on the LizardFS filesystem manually. For example, assuming you have mounted the LizardFS filesystem manually ( not using a docker volume ):
lizardfs setgoal goal_name /mnt/mfs/docker/volumes/volume_name
Also, if you want to set a default goal for all of your Docker volumes, you can manually set the goal of the directory containing your docker volumes on the LizardFS filesystem ( /docker/volumes by default, see REMOTE_PATH ).
Default: empty string
Docker plugins are made up of a config.json file and rootfs directory. The config.json has all of the metadata and information about the plugin that Docker needs when installing and configuring the plugin. The rootfs is the root filesystem of the plugin container. Unfortunately the Docker CLI doesn't allow you to create Docker plugins using a Dockerfile so we use a Makefile to automate the process of creating the plugin rootfs from a Dockerfile.
To build the plugin simply run make rootfs in the project directory.
$ make rootfs
This will build the Dockerfile, export the new Docker image's rootfs, and copy the rootfs and the config.json file to the plugin directory. When it is done you should have a new plugin directory with a config.json file and a rootfs folder in it.
plugin/
config.json
rootfs/
After that is finished you can run make create.
$ make create
This will install the Docker plugin from the plugin dirctory with the name lizardfscom/lizardfs-volume-plugin.
Finally run make enable to start the plugin.
$ make enable
Here is a list of the make targets:
- clean: Remove the
plugindirectory - config: Copy the
config.jsonfile to theplugindirectory - rootfs: Generate the plugin rootfs from the Dockerfile and put it in the
plugindirectory with theconfig.json - create: Install the plugin from the
plugindirectory - enable: Enable the plugin
- disable: Disable the plugin
- push: Run the
clean,rootfs,create, andenabletargets, and push the plugin to DockerHub
The automated tests for the plugin are run using a Docker-in-Docker container that creates a Dockerized LizardFS cluster to test the plugin against. When you run the test container, it will install the plugin inside the Docker-in-Docker container and proceed to create a Dockerized LizardFS cluster in it as well. A shell script is run that manipulates the plugin and runs containers to ensure the plugin behaves as is expected.
Before you can run the tests, the test Docker image must first be built. This is done by running the build-tests.sh script.
$ ./build-tests.sh
This will build a Docker image, lizardfs-volume-plugin_test, using the Dockerfile in the test directory. After the image has been built, you can use it to run the tests against the plugin. This is done with the run-tests.sh script.
$ ./run-tests.sh
By default running run-tests.sh will install the plugin from the plugin directory before running the tests against it. This means that you must first build the plugin by running make rootfs, if you have not already done so. Alternatively, you can also run the tests against a version of the plugin from DockerHub by passing in the plugin tag as a parameter to the run-tests.sh script.
$ ./run-tests.sh lizardfscom/lizardfs-volume-plugin:latest
This will download the plugin from DockerHub and run the tests against that version of the plugin.
If you don't have a fast disk on your development machine, developing Docker plugins can be somewhat tricky, because it can take some time to build and install the plugin every time you need to make a change. Here are some tricks that you can use to help maximize your development time.
All of the plugin logic is in the index.js file. During development it can take a long time to rebuild the entire plugin every time you need to test a change to index.js. To get around this, it is possible to copy just that file into the installed plugin without having to reinstall the entire plugin.
When you install a Docker plugin, it is given a plugin ID. You can see the first 12 characters of the plugin ID by running docker plugin ls.
$ docker plugin ls
ID NAME DESCRIPTION ENABLED
2f5b68535b92 lizardfscom/lizardfs-volume-plugin:latest LizardFS volume plugin for Docker false
Using that ID you can find where the plugin's rootfs was installed. By default, it should be located in /var/lib/docker/plugins/[pluginID]/rootfs. For our particular plugin, the file that we need to replace is the /project/index.js file in the plugin's rootfs. By replacing that file with an updated version and restarting ( disabling and re-enabling ) the plugin, you can update the plugin without having to re-install it.
It may be useful during development to exec into the plugin container while it is running. You can find out how in the Docker Documentation.
Writing new automated test cases for the plugin can also be difficult because of the time required for the test container to start. When writing new test cases for the plugin, it may be useful to start the container and interactively run the tests. If you make a mistake that causes a test to fail, even though the plugin is working, you can still edit and re-run the tests without having to restart the test container completely.
Once you have built the test image using the build-tests.sh script, you need to run the test container as a daemon that you can exec into. We override the entrypoint of the container so that it won't run the test script as soon as it starts. We want it just to sit there and wait for us to run commands in it.
$ docker run -it --rm -d --name lizardfs-test --privileged \
-v $(pwd)/plugin:/plugin \
-v $(pwd)/test/test-run.sh:/test-run.sh \
--entrypoint=sh \
lizardfs-volume-plugin_test
Note: We also mount our
test-run.shscript into the container so that updates to the script are reflected immediately in the container.
After the container is running we can shell into it and run the script that starts up Docker.
$ docker exec -it lizardfs-test sh
/project # /test-environment.sh
This will start Docker, load the LizardFS image used for creating the test LizardFS environment, and install the plugin from the plugin directory. Once this is done you can run the tests.
/project # sh /test-run.sh
This will run through all of the tests. If the tests fail, you can still edit and re-run the test-run.sh script without having to re-install the plugin.
When you are done writing your test cases, you can exit the shell and docker stop lizardfs-test. The container will be automatically removed after it stops. You should make sure that your tests still run correctly in a completely fresh environment by rebuilding and re-running the tests using the build-tests.sh and run-tests.sh scripts.