[HLSL] Implement derivative intrinsics

[hekota]

Implement HLSL derivative intrinsics ddx, ddx_fine, ddx_coarse, ddy , ddy_fine and ddy_coarse.

https://godbolt.org/z/1Ej8514MY

The ddx and ddy intrinsic were initially introduced in Shader Model 2.1 for pixel shaders:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3dhlsl/dx-graphics-hlsl-ddx
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3dhlsl/dx-graphics-hlsl-ddy

Shader Model 5.0 added ddx_fine, ddx_coarse, ddy_fine and ddy_coarse, also just for pixel shaders:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3dhlsl/ddx-fine
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3dhlsl/ddx-coarse
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3dhlsl/ddy-fine
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3dhlsl/ddy-coarse

In DirectX the ddx and ddy functions default to coarse behavior - ddx is the same as ddx_coarse and ddy is the same as ddy_coarse.

In Shader model 6.6 the derivative intrinsics support was extended to compute, mesh and amplification shaders:
https://microsoft.github.io/DirectX-Specs/d3d/HLSL_SM_6_6_Derivatives.html

[davidcook-msft]

Need an additional discussion on if we are using the rich availability diagnostics to also validate the numthreads on shaders using derivative intrinsics.

Conversation around if the availability diagnostics should be used for larger analysis should happen on the diagnostics spec.

[damyanp]

@farzonl, @hekota - is this now a dupe of the following issues?

• Implement the ddx HLSL Function #99096
• Implement the ddx_coarse HLSL Function #99097
• Implement the ddx_fine HLSL Function #99098
• Implement the ddy HLSL Function #99099
• Implement the ddy_coarse HLSL Function #99100
• Implement the ddy_fine HLSL Function #99101

If so, is it ok to close this one?

[hekota]

Yes, it looks like it is a dupe and can be closed!