topics.md

We covered a lot of content and techniques in python. Here's a list for reference:

External Libraries you may have seen:

• sys
• time
• requests
• os

Day 2: Data Types, VS Code, Command Line

• Int, float, str types
• Type casting
• If/elif/else
• Logical Operators: ==, ===, !=, <,>, <=, >=
• Advanced Logical Operators: and, in, or, not, is
• == vs is
• Match statements:

match value:
    case val1:
        # do something
    case val2:
        # do something
    ...
    case other:
        # do if no match

• Inline If statements: "true" if condition else "false"
• Escape Sequences (\', \", \n, \t, ...)
• ANSI Escape Sequences (Terminal Control): see helpful-code folder

Day 3: Lists, Dictionaries, Loops

• Lists, Dictionaries, and their methods
• dict.keys() vs dict.values()
• for item in iterable loops
• for i in range(0,n) loops
• nested lists and dictionaries
• nested_dict.sort(key = lambda x : x[key][index][key][...]...)
• List comprehensions: foo(x) for x in iterable or var = [foo(x) for x in iterable]

Day 4:

• def keyword to write a function
• return as a breakpoint
• default args: def foo(arg="default")
• advanced functions:
  • callback functions: Any function that takes in another function as a parameter
  • anonymous lambda functions: A way to write a function without storing it as a variable/in the namespace, lambda args : foo(args). Commonly used with callback functions/methods like map, filter, .sort(), etc.
  • decorator functions: A function that takes in a function @foo method
  • generator functions: a function that uses yield to return an iterator that can be used in a for val in iterator loop
  • recursive functions: a function that calls itself
• OOP
  • def __init__(self, ...) defines the constructor function
  • we define a blueprint for an Object using class Object_Name and call an instance using Object_Name(...)
  • the self keyword in a method definition of a class refers to the instance of an object
  • methods: def method_name(args):, to call instance.method_name(args)
  • properties: in init, write self.property = val..., then to access, write instance.property, or if in class definition, self.property
  • magic/dunder methods are flanked by 2 underscores and allow your object to use built in python operators. Ex:
    • __eq__(self, other) runs when == is used
    • __setitem__ and __getitem__ are used with [] and [] assignment
    • __str__ allows you to specify how to print your object/give a string representation
    • there are many more... googlealo