diff --git a/changelog.d/13299.misc b/changelog.d/13299.misc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a9d5566873f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13299.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Improve performance of query  `_get_subset_users_in_room_with_profiles`.
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py
index 105a518677b2..46ab6232d4c5 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ def _get_subset_users_in_room_with_profiles(
             txn: LoggingTransaction,
         ) -> Dict[str, ProfileInfo]:
             clause, ids = make_in_list_sql_clause(
-                self.database_engine, "m.user_id", user_ids
+                self.database_engine, "c.state_key", user_ids
             )
 
             sql = """