This is an alphabetical list of MathML attributes. More details for each attribute are available on particular element pages.
+This is an alphabetical list of MathML attributes. More details for each attribute are available on particular [element pages](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Element).
-
Notes:
+Notes:
-
-
The MathML {{ MathMLElement("mstyle") }} and {{ MathMLElement("math") }} elements accept all attributes of all MathML presentation elements.
-
See values for notes on values and units in MathML.
-
The attributes background, color, fontfamily, fontsize, fontstyle, fontweight and xlink:href are deprecated.
-
The XLink attributes on MathML elements: xlink:actuate, xlink:href, xlink:show and xlink:type are deprecated as well.
-
+- The MathML {{ MathMLElement("mstyle") }} and {{ MathMLElement("math") }} elements accept all attributes of all MathML presentation elements.
+- See [values](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Attribute/Values) for notes on values and units in MathML.
+- The attributes `background`, `color`, `fontfamily`, `fontsize`, `fontstyle`, `fontweight` and `xlink:href` are deprecated.
+- The [XLink](/en-US/docs/Glossary/XLink) attributes on MathML elements: `xlink:actuate`, `xlink:href`, `xlink:show` and `xlink:type` are deprecated as well.
The text direction. Possible values are either ltr (left to right) or rtl (right to left).
-
-
-
display
-
{{ MathMLElement("math") }}
-
Specifies the rendering mode. The values block and inline are allowed.
-
-
-
displaystyle
-
All
-
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas.
-
-
In MathML 3 this attribute was only valid on {{ MathMLElement("mstyle") }}, {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }}, and {{ MathMLElement("math") }}.
-
-
-
-
{{ unimplemented_inline() }} edge
-
{{ MathMLElement("malignmark") }}
-
-
-
-
fence
-
{{ MathMLElement("mo") }}
-
A Boolean value specifying whether the operator is a fence (such as parentheses). There is no visual effect for this attribute.
-
-
-
frame
-
{{ MathMLElement("mtable") }}
-
Specifies borders of an entire {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }}. Possible values are: none (default), solid and dashed.
-
-
-
framespacing
-
{{ MathMLElement("mtable") }}
-
Specifies additional space added between the table and frame.
The minimum space by which to shift the superscript above the baseline of the expression.
-
-
-
symmetric
-
{{ MathMLElement("mo") }}
-
If stretchy is true, this attribute specifies whether the operator should be vertically symmetric around the imaginary math axis (centered fraction line).
+ The text direction. Possible values are either ltr (left to right) or
+ rtl (right to left).
+
+
+
+
display
+
{{ MathMLElement("math") }}
+
+ Specifies the rendering mode. The values block and
+ inline are allowed.
+
+
+
+
displaystyle
+
All
+
+
+ A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for
+ displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact
+ layout is used to display formulas.
+
+
+ In MathML 3 this attribute was only valid
+ on {{ MathMLElement("mstyle") }},
+ {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }}, and
+ {{ MathMLElement("math") }}.
+
+
+
+
+
{{ unimplemented_inline() }} edge
+
{{ MathMLElement("malignmark") }}
+
+
+
+
fence
+
{{ MathMLElement("mo") }}
+
+ A Boolean value specifying whether the operator is a fence (such as
+ parentheses). There is no visual effect for this attribute.
+
+
+
+
frame
+
{{ MathMLElement("mtable") }}
+
+ Specifies borders of an entire {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }}.
+ Possible values are: none (default), solid and
+ dashed.
+
+
+
+
framespacing
+
{{ MathMLElement("mtable") }}
+
+ Specifies additional space added between the table and
+ frame.
+
+ The minimum space by which to shift the superscript above the baseline
+ of the expression.
+
+
+
+
symmetric
+
{{ MathMLElement("mo") }}
+
+ If stretchy is true, this attribute specifies
+ whether the operator should be vertically symmetric around the imaginary
+ math axis (centered fraction line).
+
Several MathML presentation elements have attributes that accept length values used for size or spacing. MathML accepts different units and constants for specifying lengths.
-
-
Units
-
-
-
-
-
Unit
-
Description
-
-
-
-
-
em
-
{{ Cssxref("font-size", "Font-relative") }} unit
-
-
-
ex
-
{{ Cssxref("font-size", "Font-relative") }} unit. (The "x"-height of the element, 1ex ≈ 0.5em in many fonts)
-
-
-
px
-
Pixels
-
-
-
in
-
Inches (1 inch = 2.54 centimeters)
-
-
-
cm
-
Centimeters
-
-
-
mm
-
Millimeters
-
-
-
pt
-
Points (1 point = 1/72 inch)
-
-
-
pc
-
Picas (1 pica = 12 points)
-
-
-
%
-
Percentage of the default value.
-
-
-
-
-
Constants
-
-
{{deprecated_header}}
-
-
A replacement for the deprecated constants below is:
+{{MathMLRef}}
+
+## Lengths
+
+Several MathML presentation elements have attributes that accept length values used for size or spacing. MathML accepts different units and constants for specifying lengths.
+
+### Units
+
+| Unit | Description |
+| ---- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `em` | {{ Cssxref("font-size", "Font-relative") }} unit |
+| `ex` | {{ Cssxref("font-size", "Font-relative") }} unit. (The "x"-height of the element, `1ex ≈ 0.5em` in many fonts) |
+| `px` | Pixels |
+| `in` | Inches (1 inch = 2.54 centimeters) |
+| `cm` | Centimeters |
+| `mm` | Millimeters |
+| `pt` | Points (1 point = 1/72 inch) |
+| `pc` | Picas (1 pica = 12 points) |
+| `%` | Percentage of the default value. |
+
+### Constants
+
+{{deprecated_header}}
+
+A replacement for the deprecated constants below is:
+
+ veryverythinmathspace => 0.05555555555555555em
+ verythinmathspace => 0.1111111111111111em
+ thinmathspace => 0.16666666666666666em
+ mediummathspace => 0.2222222222222222em
+ thickmathspace => 0.2777777777777778em
+ verythickmathspace => 0.3333333333333333em
+ veryverythickmathspace => 0.3888888888888889em
+
+| Constant | Value |
+| -------------------------------- | --------- |
+| `veryverythinmathspace` | 1/18`em` |
+| `verythinmathspace` | 2/18`em` |
+| `thinmathspace` | 3/18`em` |
+| `mediummathspace` | 4/18`em` |
+| `thickmathspace` | 5/18`em` |
+| `verythickmathspace` | 6/18`em` |
+| `veryverythickmathspace` | 7/18`em` |
+| `negativeveryverythinmathspace` | -1/18`em` |
+| `negativeverythinmathspace` | -2/18`em` |
+| `negativethinmathspace` | -3/18`em` |
+| `negativemediummathspace` | -4/18`em` |
+| `negativethickmathspace` | -5/18`em` |
+| `negativeverythickmathspace` | -6/18`em` |
+| `negativeveryverythickmathspace` | -7/18`em` |
+
+Note: [Namedspace binding is deprecated](https://www.w3.org/TR/MathML3/chapter3.html#id.3.3.4.2.1) in MathML3 and has been removed in Gecko 15.0 {{ geckoRelease("15.0") }} ([bug 673759](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=673759)).
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/authoring/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/authoring/index.md
index 74fc5234fa48345..01af1af9797493a 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/authoring/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/authoring/index.md
@@ -6,80 +6,92 @@ tags:
- MathML
- MathML Project
---
-
This page explains how to write mathematics using the MathML language. Just like HTML, MathML is described with tags and attributes. HTML becomes verbose when your document contains advanced structures like lists or tables but fortunately there are many generators from simple notations, WYSIWYG editors and other Content Management Systems to help writing Web pages.
+This page explains how to write mathematics using the MathML language. Just like HTML, MathML is described with tags and attributes. HTML becomes verbose when your document contains advanced structures like lists or tables but fortunately there are many generators from simple notations, WYSIWYG editors and other Content Management Systems to help writing Web pages.
-
Mathematical notations are even more complex with structures like fractions, square roots or matrices that are likely to require their own tags. As a consequence, good MathML authoring tools are more important and we describe some tools below. In particular, the Mozilla MathML team has been developing TeXZilla, a Javascript Unicode LaTeX-to-MathML converter that is intended to be used in many scenarios described here. Of course, the list is by no means exhaustive and you are invited to check out the W3C MathML software list where you can find various other tools.
+Mathematical notations are even more complex with structures like fractions, square roots or matrices that are likely to require their own tags. As a consequence, good MathML authoring tools are more important and we describe some tools below. In particular, the Mozilla MathML team has been developing [TeXZilla](https://github.com/fred-wang/TeXZilla/), a Javascript Unicode LaTeX-to-MathML converter that is intended to be used in many scenarios described here. Of course, the list is by no means exhaustive and you are invited to check out the [W3C MathML software list](https://www.w3.org/Math/Software/) where you can find various other tools.
-
Note that by design, MathML is well-integrated in HTML5 and in particular you can use usual Web features like CSS, DOM, Javascript or SVG. This is out of the scope of this document but anyone with basic knowledge of Web languages will easily be able to mix these features with MathML. Check out our demos and MathML references for more details.
+Note that by design, MathML is well-integrated in HTML5 and in particular you can use usual Web features like CSS, DOM, Javascript or SVG. This is out of the scope of this document but anyone with basic knowledge of Web languages will easily be able to mix these features with MathML. Check out [our demos](/en-US/docs/Mozilla/MathML_Project#Sample_MathML_Documents) and [MathML references](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) for more details.
-
Using MathML
+## Using MathML
-
MathML in HTML pages
+#### MathML in HTML pages
-
You can use Presentation MathML inside HTML5 documents:
+You can use Presentation MathML inside HTML5 documents:
-
<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html>
-<head>
- <title>MathML in HTML5</title>
-</head>
-<body>
+```html
+
+
+
+ MathML in HTML5
+
+
- <h1>MathML in HTML5</h1>
+
Content MathML is not supported by browsers. It's recommended to convert your Content MathML markup into Presentation MathML before publishing it, for example with the help of the ctop.xsl stylesheet. Tools mentioned on this page generates Presentation MathML.
+Content MathML is not supported by browsers. It's recommended to convert your Content MathML markup into Presentation MathML before publishing it, for example with the help of the [ctop.xsl](https://code.google.com/p/web-xslt/source/browse/trunk/#trunk/ctop) stylesheet. Tools mentioned on this page generates Presentation MathML.
-
Fallback for Browsers without MathML support
+#### Fallback for Browsers without MathML support
-
Unfortunately, some browsers are not able to render MathML equations or only have a limited support. Hence you will need to use a MathML polyfill to provide some fallback rendering. If you need only basic mathematical constructions such as those used on this MDN wiki then a small mathml.css stylesheet might be enough. To use it, just insert one line in your document header:
+Unfortunately, some browsers are not able to render MathML equations or only have a limited support. Hence you will need to use a MathML polyfill to provide some fallback rendering. If you need only basic mathematical constructions such as those used on this MDN wiki then a small [mathml.css](https://github.com/fred-wang/mathml.css) stylesheet might be enough. To use it, just insert one line in your document header:
-
If you need more complex constructions, you might instead consider using the heavier MathJax library as a MathML polyfill:
+If you need more complex constructions, you might instead consider using the heavier [MathJax](https://www.mathjax.org) library as a MathML polyfill:
-
Note that these two scripts perform feature detection of the mspace or mpadded elements (see the browser compatibility table on these pages). There is also a similar script to display a warning at the top of the page for browsers without good MathML support and let the users choose between one of the fallback above:
+Note that these two scripts perform feature detection of the [mspace](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Element/mspace) or [mpadded](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Element/mpadded) elements (see the browser compatibility table on these pages). There is also a similar script to display a warning at the top of the page for browsers without good MathML support and let the users choose between one of the fallback above:
-
If you don't want to use this link to GitHub but instead to integrate these polyfills or others in your own project, you might need the detection scripts to verify the level of MathML support. For example the following function verifies the MathML support by testing the mspace element (you may replace mspace with mpadded):
+If you don't want to use this link to GitHub but instead to integrate these polyfills or others in your own project, you might need the detection scripts to verify the level of MathML support. For example the following function verifies the MathML support by testing the mspace element (you may replace `mspace` with `mpadded`):
-
Alternatively, the following UA string sniffing will allow to detect the rendering engines with native MathML support (Gecko and WebKit). Note that UA string sniffing is not the most reliable method and might break from version to version:
+Alternatively, the following UA string sniffing will allow to detect the rendering engines with native MathML support (Gecko and WebKit). Note that UA string sniffing is not the most reliable method and might break from version to version:
-
In order to get a good layout or to allow different style, it's important to have mathematical fonts available. It's always good to provide a link to MDN's Font Instructions, so that your visitors can verify whether they have appropriate fonts installed on their system. It's also good to provide a fallback with Web fonts.
+In order to get a good layout or to allow different style, it's important to have mathematical fonts available. It's always good to provide a link to [MDN's Font Instructions](/en-US/docs/Mozilla/MathML_Project/Fonts), so that your visitors can verify whether they have appropriate fonts installed on their system. It's also good to provide a fallback with Web fonts.
-
Prior to Gecko 31.0 {{GeckoRelease("31.0")}}, it was a bit tedious to setup math fonts, see the font instructions for Mozilla 2.0. For Gecko 31.0 {{GeckoRelease("31.0")}}, this is much simpler and is compatible with any Web rendering engine with MathML support. For example, here is a minimal stylesheet to use Latin Modern for the text and Latin Modern Math for the mathematics:
+Prior to Gecko 31.0 {{GeckoRelease("31.0")}}, it was a bit tedious to setup math fonts, see the [font instructions for Mozilla 2.0](/en-US/docs/Mozilla/MathML_Project/FontsMozilla2.0#MathML_Font_Selection_with_CSS). For Gecko 31.0 {{GeckoRelease("31.0")}}, this is much simpler and is compatible with any Web rendering engine with MathML support. For example, here is a minimal stylesheet to use Latin Modern for the text and Latin Modern Math for the mathematics:
-
@namespace url('http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml');
+```css
+@namespace url('http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml');
@namespace m url('http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML');
body, m|mtext {
@@ -87,118 +99,113 @@ body, m|mtext {
}
m|math {
font-family: Latin Modern Math;
-}
+You can then use the [@font-face](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@font-face) rule as usual to provide WOFF fallback for Latin Modern and Latin Modern Math. See this [GitHub repository to get WOFF fonts and sample CSS stylesheets](https://github.com/fred-wang/MathFonts) to use on your Web site and check [its test page](https://fred-wang.github.io/MathFonts/).
-
MathML in XML documents (XHTML, EPUB, etc)
+#### MathML in XML documents (XHTML, EPUB, etc)
-
If for some reason you need to use MathML in XML documents, be sure to satisfy the usual requirements: well-formed document, use of correct MIME type, MathML namespace "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" on <math> roots. For example, the XHTML version of the previous example looks like this:
+If for some reason you need to use MathML in XML documents, be sure to satisfy the usual requirements: well-formed document, use of correct MIME type, MathML namespace `"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"` on `
+```
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
-
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
-
The MathML <mroot> element is used to display roots with an explicit index. Two arguments are accepted, which leads to the syntax: <mroot> base index </mroot>.
+The MathML `` element is used to display roots with an explicit index. Two arguments are accepted, which leads to the syntax: ` base index `.
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URL.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
-
mathcolor
-
The text color and also the color of the root symbol itself. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
-
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- href
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URL.
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathcolor
+ - : The text color and also the color of the root symbol itself. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
-
Examples
+## Examples
-
Sample Rendering:
+Sample Rendering: 
-
Rendering in your browser:
+Rendering in your browser:
-
<math>
+```html
+
+
+```
-
Specifications
+## Specifications
-
{{Specifications}}
+{{Specifications}}
-
Browser compatibility
+## Browser compatibility
-
{{Compat}}
+{{Compat}}
-
See also
+## See also
-
-
{{ MathMLElement("msqrt") }} (Square root without an index)
The MathML <mrow> element is used to group sub-expressions, which usually contain one or more operators with their respective operands (such as {{ MathMLElement("mi") }} and {{ MathMLElement("mn") }}). This element renders as a horizontal row containing its arguments.
+The MathML `` element is used to group sub-expressions, which usually contain one or more [operators](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Element/mo) with their respective operands (such as {{ MathMLElement("mi") }} and {{ MathMLElement("mn") }}). This element renders as a horizontal row containing its arguments.
-
When writing a MathML expression, you should group elements within an <mrow> in the same way as they are grouped in the mathematical interpretation of the expression. Proper grouping helps the rendering of the expression in several ways:
+When writing a MathML expression, you should group elements within an `` in the same way as they are grouped in the mathematical interpretation of the expression. Proper grouping helps the rendering of the expression in several ways:
-
-
It can improve the display by possibly affecting spacing.
-
It allows for more intelligent line-breaking and indentation.
-
It simplifies the interpretation of the expression by automated systems such as computer algebra systems and audio renderers.
-
+- It can improve the display by possibly affecting spacing.
+- It allows for more intelligent line-breaking and indentation.
+- It simplifies the interpretation of the expression by automated systems such as computer algebra systems and audio renderers.
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
dir
-
Overall directionality of formulas. Possible values are either ltr (left to right) or rtl (right to left).
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- dir
+ - : Overall directionality of formulas. Possible values are either `ltr` (left to right) or `rtl` (right to left).
+- href
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathcolor
+ - : The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
-
Examples
+## Examples
-
<math>
+```html
+
+
+```
-
Specifications
+## Specifications
-
{{Specifications}}
+{{Specifications}}
-
Browser compatibility
+## Browser compatibility
-
{{Compat}}
+{{Compat}}
-
See also
+## See also
-
-
Grouping HTML elements: {{ HTMLElement("div") }}
-
+- Grouping HTML elements: {{ HTMLElement("div") }}
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/ms/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/ms/index.md
index 37ccce75b053f2b..268995a17a9167b 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/ms/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/ms/index.md
@@ -8,85 +8,132 @@ tags:
- MathML:Token Elements
browser-compat: mathml.elements.ms
---
-
{{MathMLRef}}
-
-
The MathML <ms> element represents a string literal meant to be interpreted by programming languages and computer algebra systems. By default, string literals are displayed as enclosed by double quotes ("); by using the lquote and rquote attributes, you can set custom characters to display. Note that quotation marks should not be specified unless they are part of the string literal. The content of an <ms> element is not an ASCII string per se, but rather a sequence of characters and {{ MathMLElement("malignmark") }} elements.
The text direction. Possible values are either ltr (left to right) or rtl (right to left).
-
displaystyle
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
lquote
-
The opening quote character (depends on dir) to enclose the content. The default value is """.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
The size of the content. See length for possible values.
- Deprecated values are: small, normal and big. These will be removed in the future.
-
mathvariant
-
This attribute specifies the logical class of the identifier, which varies in typography. That is, although the names suggest the typographic style for the class, semantically, items with the same class are treated "the same" within an expression, which might or might not involve displaying them with the named typography. The following values are allowed:
-
-
normal (Default value) ;
-
bold ;
-
italic ;
-
bold-italic ;
-
-
-
-
double-struck ;
-
bold-fraktur ;
-
script ;
-
bold-script ;
-
fraktur ;
-
-
-
-
sans-serif ;
-
bold-sans-serif ;
-
sans-serif-italic ;
-
sans-serif-bold-italic ;
-
monospace ;
-
-
-
-
initial ;
-
tailed ;
-
looped ;
-
stretched ;
-
-
-
rquote
-
The closing quote mark (depends on dir) to enclose the content. The default value is """.
Some mathvariant values are only implemented starting with Gecko 28.0 (Firefox 28.0 / Thunderbird 28.0 / SeaMonkey 2.25) and require appropriate math fonts.
-
+{{MathMLRef}}
+
+The MathML `` element represents a _string literal_ meant to be interpreted by programming languages and computer algebra systems. By default, string literals are displayed as enclosed by double quotes (`"`); by using the `lquote` and `rquote` attributes, you can set custom characters to display. Note that quotation marks should not be specified unless they are part of the string literal. The content of an `` element is not an ASCII string per se, but rather a sequence of characters and {{ MathMLElement("malignmark") }} elements.
+
+## Attributes
+
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- dir
+ - : The text direction. Possible values are either `ltr` (left to right) or `rtl` (right to left).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- lquote
+ - : The opening quote character (depends on [`dir`](#attr-dir)) to enclose the content. The default value is "`"".`
+- href
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathcolor
+ - : The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathsize
+ - : The size of the content. See [length](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/length) for possible values.
+ Deprecated values are: `small`, `normal` and `big`. These will be removed in the future.
+- mathvariant
+
+ - : This attribute specifies the logical class of the identifier, which varies in typography. That is, although the names suggest the typographic style for the class, semantically, items with the same class are treated "the same" within an expression, which might or might not involve displaying them with the named typography. The following values are allowed:
+
+ - `normal` (Default value) ;
+
+
+
+ - `bold` ;
+
+
+
+ - `italic` ;
+
+
+
+ - `bold-italic` ;
+
+
+
+
+
+ - `double-struck` ;
+
+
+
+ - `bold-fraktur` ;
+
+
+
+ - `script` ;
+
+
+
+ - `bold-script` ;
+
+
+
+ - `fraktur` ;
+
+
+
+
+
+ - `sans-serif` ;
+
+
+
+ - `bold-sans-serif` ;
+
+
+
+ - `sans-serif-italic` ;
+
+
+
+ - `sans-serif-bold-italic` ;
+
+
+
+ - `monospace` ;
+
+
+
+
+
+ - `initial` ;
+
+
+
+ - `tailed` ;
+
+
+
+ - `looped` ;
+
+
+
+ - `stretched` ;
+
+
+
+- rquote
+ - : The closing quote mark (depends on [`dir`](#attr-dir)) to enclose the content. The default value is "`"".`
+
+## Examples
+
+```html
+
+```
+
+## Specifications
+
+{{Specifications}}
+
+## Browser compatibility
+
+{{Compat}}
+
+## Gecko-specific notes
+
+- Some `mathvariant` values are only implemented starting with Gecko 28.0 (Firefox 28.0 / Thunderbird 28.0 / SeaMonkey 2.25) and require appropriate [math fonts](/en-US/docs/Mozilla/MathML_Project/Fonts).
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mspace/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mspace/index.md
index 87c83903b624320..ae67eedb8938f64 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mspace/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mspace/index.md
@@ -8,58 +8,53 @@ tags:
- MathML:Token Elements
browser-compat: mathml.elements.mspace
---
-
{{MathMLRef}}
+{{MathMLRef}}
-
The MathML <mspace> element is used to display a blank space, whose size is set by its attributes.
+The MathML `` element is used to display a blank space, whose size is set by its attributes.
-
The desired depth (below the baseline) of the space (see length for values and units).
-
displaystyle
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
height
-
The desired height (above the baseline) of the space (see length for values and units).
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
-
width
-
The desired width of the space (see length for values and units).
-
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- depth
+ - : The desired depth (below the baseline) of the space (see [length](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Attribute/Values#lengths) for values and units).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- height
+ - : The desired height (above the baseline) of the space (see [length](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Attribute/Values#lengths) for values and units).
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- width
+ - : The desired width of the space (see [length](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Attribute/Values#lengths) for values and units).
-
Note that some common attributes like mathcolor, mathvariant or dir have no effect on <mspace>.
+Note that some common attributes like `mathcolor`, `mathvariant` or `dir` have no effect on ``.
-
Support for negative values for the width attribute has been implemented in Gecko 23.0 {{geckoRelease("23.0")}}.
-
+- [Indentation attributes](https://www.w3.org/TR/MathML3/chapter3.html#presm.lbindent.attrs) are not implemented yet (for Gecko see {{ bug("534962") }}).
+- Support for negative values for the `width` attribute has been implemented in Gecko 23.0 {{geckoRelease("23.0")}}.
-
The MathML <msqrt> element is used to display square roots (no index is displayed). The square root accepts only one argument, which leads to the following syntax: <msqrt> base </msqrt>.
+The MathML `` element is used to display square roots (no index is displayed). The square root accepts only one argument, which leads to the following syntax: ` base `.
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
-
mathcolor
-
The text color and also the color of the root symbol itself. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
-
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- href
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathcolor
+ - : The text color and also the color of the root symbol itself. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
-
Examples
+## Examples
-
Sample rendering:
+Sample rendering: 
-
Rendering in your browser:
+Rendering in your browser:
-
<math>
+```html
+
+
+```
-
Specifications
+## Specifications
-
{{Specifications}}
+{{Specifications}}
-
Browser compatibility
+## Browser compatibility
-
{{Compat}}
+{{Compat}}
-
See also
+## See also
-
-
{{ MathMLElement("mroot") }} (Radical with an index)
The MathML <mstyle> element is used change the style of its children. It accepts all attributes of all MathML presentation elements with some exceptions and additional attributes listed below.
-
-
Attributes
-
-
-
dir
-
Overall directionality of formulas. Possible values are either ltr (left to right) or rtl (right to left).
-
displaystyle
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
infixlinebreakstyle
-
Specifies the default linebreakstyle to use for infix operators. The values before, after and duplicate are allowed.
-
scriptlevel
-
Controls mostly the font-size. The higher the scriptlevel, the smaller the font size. This attribute accepts a non-negative integer, as well as a "+" or a "-" sign, which increments or decrements the current value. In addition, the scriptlevel attribute can never reduce the font size below scriptminsize in order to avoid unreadable small font sizes and depends on the multiplier specified in scriptsizemultiplier.
-
scriptminsize
-
Specifies a minimum font size allowed due to changes in scriptlevel. The default value is 8pt.
-
scriptsizemultiplier
-
Specifies the multiplier to be used to adjust font size due to changes in scriptlevel. The default value is 0.71.
-
-
-
The <mstyle> element accepts all attributes of all presentation elements with the following exceptions:
-
-
-
height, depth or width do not apply to {{ MathMLELement("mpadded") }} or {{ MathMLELement("mtable") }}.
-
rowalign, columnalign, or groupalign do not apply to {{ MathMLELement("mtr") }}, {{ MathMLELement("mtd") }} or {{ MathMLELement("maligngroup") }}.
-
lspace or voffset do not apply to {{ MathMLELement("mpadded") }}.
-
align does not apply to {{ MathMLELement("mtable") }} or {{ MathMLELement("mstack") }}.
-
index cannot be set on <mstyle>.
-
actiontype on {{ MathMLElement("maction") }} cannot be set on <mstyle>.
-
-
-
Examples
-
-
Using displaystyle and mathcolor to effect style changes in the layout of the whole sum.
Prior to Gecko 6.0 {{ geckoRelease("6.0") }} the implementation of <mstyle> was not complete and has been corrected. In particular, setting these attributes on mstyle had no effect to its children:
-
-
-
The bevelled attribute on {{ MathMLElement("mfrac") }} elements.
-
The notation attribute on {{ MathMLElement("menclose") }} elements.
-
The open, close and separators attributes on {{ MathMLElement("mfenced") }} elements.
-
The accent and accentunder attributes on {{ MathMLElement("mover") }}, {{ MathMLElement("munder") }} and {{ MathMLElement("munderover") }} elements.
-
The selection attribute on {{ MathMLElement("maction") }} elements.
-
The mathvariant attribute on {{ MathMLElement("mi") }} elements.
-
-
-
Starting with Gecko 29.0 {{geckoRelease("29.0")}}, the attributes accepted on the <mstyle> element have been restricted to those actually used in practice: id, class, style, href, mathcolor, mathbackground, scriptlevel, displaystyle, scriptsizemultiplier, scriptminsize, dir, mathsize, mathvariant, fontfamily, fontweight, fontstyle, fontsize, color, background.
-
+{{MathMLRef}}
+
+The MathML `` element is used change the style of its children. It accepts all attributes of all MathML presentation elements with some exceptions and additional attributes listed below.
+
+## Attributes
+
+- `dir`
+ - : Overall directionality of formulas. Possible values are either `ltr` (left to right) or `rtl` (right to left).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- `infixlinebreakstyle`
+ - : Specifies the default `linebreakstyle` to use for infix operators. The values `before`, `after` and `duplicate` are allowed.
+- `scriptlevel`
+ - : Controls mostly the font-size. The higher the `scriptlevel`, the smaller the font size. This attribute accepts a non-negative integer, as well as a "+" or a "-" sign, which increments or decrements the current value. In addition, the `scriptlevel` attribute can never reduce the font size below `scriptminsize` in order to avoid unreadable small font sizes and depends on the multiplier specified in `scriptsizemultiplier`.
+- `scriptminsize`
+ - : Specifies a minimum font size allowed due to changes in `scriptlevel`. The default value is 8pt.
+- `scriptsizemultiplier`
+ - : Specifies the multiplier to be used to adjust font size due to changes in `scriptlevel`. The default value is 0.71.
+
+The `` element accepts [all attributes](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Attribute) of all presentation elements with the following exceptions:
+
+- `height`, `depth` or `width` do not apply to {{ MathMLELement("mpadded") }} or {{ MathMLELement("mtable") }}.
+- `rowalign`, `columnalign`, or `groupalign` do not apply to {{ MathMLELement("mtr") }}, {{ MathMLELement("mtd") }} or {{ MathMLELement("maligngroup") }}.
+- `lspace` or `voffset` do not apply to {{ MathMLELement("mpadded") }}.
+- `align` does not apply to {{ MathMLELement("mtable") }} or {{ MathMLELement("mstack") }}.
+- `index` cannot be set on ``.
+- `actiontype` on {{ MathMLElement("maction") }} cannot be set on ``.
+
+## Examples
+
+Using `displaystyle` and `mathcolor` to effect style changes in the layout of the whole sum.
+
+```html
+
+```
+
+## Specifications
+
+{{Specifications}}
+
+## Browser compatibility
+
+{{Compat}}
+
+## Gecko-specific notes
+
+- Prior to Gecko 6.0 {{ geckoRelease("6.0") }} the implementation of `` was not complete and [has been corrected](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=569125). In particular, setting these attributes on `mstyle` had no effect to its children:
+
+ - The `bevelled` attribute on {{ MathMLElement("mfrac") }} elements.
+ - The `notation` attribute on {{ MathMLElement("menclose") }} elements.
+ - The `open`, `close` and `separators` attributes on {{ MathMLElement("mfenced") }} elements.
+ - The `accent` and `accentunder` attributes on {{ MathMLElement("mover") }}, {{ MathMLElement("munder") }} and {{ MathMLElement("munderover") }} elements.
+ - The `selection` attribute on {{ MathMLElement("maction") }} elements.
+ - The `mathvariant` attribute on {{ MathMLElement("mi") }} elements.
+
+- Starting with Gecko 29.0 {{geckoRelease("29.0")}}, the attributes accepted on the `` element have been restricted to those actually used in practice: `id, class, style, href, mathcolor, mathbackground, scriptlevel, displaystyle, scriptsizemultiplier, scriptminsize, dir, mathsize, mathvariant, fontfamily, fontweight, fontstyle, fontsize, color, background`.
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/msub/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/msub/index.md
index 7770771a0c1cc30..09b9911088b9108 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/msub/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/msub/index.md
@@ -8,58 +8,55 @@ tags:
- MathML:Script and Limit Schemata
browser-compat: mathml.elements.msub
---
-
{{MathMLRef}}
+{{MathMLRef}}
-
The MathML <msub> element is used to attach a subscript to an expression.
+The MathML `` element is used to attach a subscript to an expression.
-
It uses the following syntax: <msub> base subscript </msub>.
+It uses the following syntax: ` base subscript `.
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
The minimum space by which to shift the subscript below the baseline of the expression, as a length value.
- This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future.
-
+- `class`, `id`, `style`
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- `href`
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- `mathbackground`
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- `mathcolor`
+ - : The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- `subscriptshift` {{deprecated_inline}}
+ - : The minimum space by which to shift the subscript below the baseline of the expression, as a [length value](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Attribute/Values#lengths).
+ This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future.
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
The minimum space by which to shift the subscript below the baseline of the expression, as a length value.
- This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future.
-
superscriptshift {{deprecated_inline}}
-
The minimum space by which to shift the superscript above the baseline of the expression, as a length value.
- This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future.
-
+- `class`, `id`, `style`
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- `href`
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- `mathbackground`
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- `mathcolor`
+ - : The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- `subscriptshift` {{deprecated_inline}}
+ - : The minimum space by which to shift the subscript below the baseline of the expression, as a [length value.](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Attribute/Values#lengths)
+ This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future.
+- `superscriptshift` {{deprecated_inline}}
+ - : The minimum space by which to shift the superscript above the baseline of the expression, as a [length value.](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Attribute/Values#lengths)
+ This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future.
-
Examples
+## Examples
-
Sample rendering:
+Sample rendering: 
-
Rendering in your browser:
+Rendering in your browser:
-
<math displaystyle="true">
+```html
+
+
+```
-
Specifications
+## Specifications
-
{{Specifications}}
+{{Specifications}}
-
Browser compatibility
+## Browser compatibility
-
{{Compat}}
+{{Compat}}
-
See also
+## See also
-
-
{{ MathMLElement("msub") }} (Subscript)
-
{{ MathMLElement("msup") }} (Superscript)
-
{{ MathMLElement("mmultiscripts") }} (Prescripts and tensor indices)
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
The minimum space by which to shift the superscript up from the baseline of the expression, as a length value.
- This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future.
-
+- `class`, `id`, `style`
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- `href`
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- `mathbackground`
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- `mathcolor`
+ - : The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- `superscriptshift` {{deprecated_inline}}
+ - : The minimum space by which to shift the superscript up from the baseline of the expression, as a [length value.](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Attribute/Values#lengths)
+ This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future.
-
The MathML <mtable> element allows you to create tables or matrices. Inside a <mtable> only {{ MathMLElement("mtr") }} and {{ MathMLElement("mtd") }} elements may appear. These elements are similar to {{ HTMLElement("table") }} , {{ HTMLElement("tr") }} and {{ HTMLElement("td") }} elements of HTML.
-
-
-
Note: The <mtable> element resets the displaystyle attribute to false. If you want to use this element as an inline-block, you might want to set <mtable displaystyle="true">...</mtable>.
-
-
-
Attributes
-
-
-
align
-
Specifies the vertical alignment of the table with respect to its environment.
- Possible values are:
-
-
axis (default): The vertical center of the table aligns on the environment's axis (typically the minus sign).
-
baseline: The vertical center of the table aligns on the environment's baseline.
-
bottom: The bottom of the table aligns on the environments baseline.
-
center: See baseline.
-
top: The top of the table aligns on the environments baseline.
-
- In addition, values of the align attribute can end with a rownumber (e.g. align="center 3"). This allows you to align the specified row of the table rather than the whole table. A negative Integer value counts rows from the bottom of the table. Starting with Gecko 8.0 {{ geckoRelease("8.0") }} the interpretation of negative values has been corrected ({{ bug(601436) }}). In Gecko 17.0 {{geckoRelease("17.0")}} the parsing has been updated to treat whitespace correctly.
Specifies the horizontal alignment of the cells. Multiple values separated by space are allowed and apply to the corresponding columns (e.g. columnalign="left right center"). Possible values are: left, center (default) and right.
-
columnlines
-
Specifies column borders. Multiple values separated by space are allowed and apply to the corresponding columns (e.g. columnlines="none none solid"). Possible values are: none (default), solid and dashed.
-
columnspacing
-
Specifies the space between table columns.
-
displaystyle
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true.
-
frame
-
Specifies borders of the entire table. Possible values are: none (default), solid and dashed.
-
framespacing
-
Specifies additional space added between the table and frame.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
Specifies the vertical alignment of the cells. Multiple values separated by space are allowed and apply to the corresponding rows (e.g. rowalign="top bottom axis"). Possible values are: axis, baseline (default), bottom, center and top.
-
rowlines
-
Specifies row borders. Multiple values separated by space are allowed and apply to the corresponding rows (e.g. rowlines="none none solid"). Possible values are: none (default), solid and dashed.
-
{{ unimplemented_inline() }} rowspacing
-
Specifies the space between table rows.
-
width
-
Specifies the width of the entire table. Accepts length values.
+{{MathMLRef}}
+
+The MathML `` element allows you to create tables or matrices. Inside a `` only {{ MathMLElement("mtr") }} and {{ MathMLElement("mtd") }} elements may appear. These elements are similar to {{ HTMLElement("table") }} , {{ HTMLElement("tr") }} and {{ HTMLElement("td") }} elements of [HTML](/en-US/docs/Web/HTML).
+
+> **Note:** The `` element resets the `displaystyle` attribute to `false`. If you want to use this element as an inline-block, you might want to set `...`.
+
+## Attributes
+
+- align
+
+ - : Specifies the **vertical** alignment of the table with respect to its environment.
+ Possible values are:
+
+ - `axis` (default): The vertical center of the table aligns on the environment's axis (typically the minus sign).
+ - `baseline`: The vertical center of the table aligns on the environment's baseline.
+ - `bottom`: The bottom of the table aligns on the environments baseline.
+ - `center`: See baseline.
+ - `top`: The top of the table aligns on the environments baseline.
+
+ In addition, values of the `align` attribute can end with a _rownumber_ (e.g. `align="center 3"`). This allows you to align the specified row of the table rather than the whole table. A negative Integer value counts rows from the bottom of the table. Starting with Gecko 8.0 {{ geckoRelease("8.0") }} the interpretation of _negative_ values has been corrected ({{ bug(601436) }}). In Gecko 17.0 {{geckoRelease("17.0")}} the parsing has been updated to treat whitespace correctly.
+
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- columnalign
+ - : Specifies the horizontal alignment of the cells. Multiple values separated by space are allowed and apply to the corresponding columns (e.g. `columnalign="left right center"`). Possible values are: `left`, `center` (default) and `right`.
+- columnlines
+ - : Specifies column borders. Multiple values separated by space are allowed and apply to the corresponding columns (e.g. `columnlines="none none solid"`). Possible values are: `none` (default), `solid` and `dashed`.
+- columnspacing
+ - : Specifies the space between table columns.
+- displaystyle
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`.
+- frame
+ - : Specifies borders of the entire table. Possible values are: `none` (default), `solid` and `dashed`.
+- framespacing
+ - : Specifies additional space added between the table and frame.
+- href
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathcolor
+ - : The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- rowalign
+ - : Specifies the vertical alignment of the cells. Multiple values separated by space are allowed and apply to the corresponding rows (e.g. `rowalign="top bottom axis"`). Possible values are: `axis`, `baseline` (default), `bottom`, `center` and `top`.
+- rowlines
+ - : Specifies row borders. Multiple values separated by space are allowed and apply to the corresponding rows (e.g. `rowlines="none none solid"`). Possible values are: `none` (default), `solid` and `dashed`.
+- {{ unimplemented_inline() }} rowspacing
+ - : Specifies the space between table rows.
+- width
+ - : Specifies the width of the entire table. Accepts [length values](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Attribute/Values#lengths).
+
+## Examples
+
+### Alignment with row number
+
+Rendering: 
+
+```html
+
+```
+
+## Specifications
+
+{{Specifications}}
+
+## Browser compatibility
+
+{{Compat}}
+
+## See also
+
+- {{ MathMLElement("mtd") }} (Table cell)
+- {{ MathMLElement("mtr") }} (Table row)
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtd/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtd/index.md
index 168bdac50cb38ef..53b09420c69896a 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtd/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtd/index.md
@@ -8,46 +8,42 @@ tags:
- MathML:Tabular Math
browser-compat: mathml.elements.mtd
---
-
{{MathMLRef}}
-
-
The MathML <mtd> element represents a cell in a table or a matrix. It may only appear in a {{ MathMLElement("mtr") }} element. This element is similar to the {{ HTMLElement("td") }} element of HTML.
Specifies the horizontal alignment of this cell and overrides values specified by {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }} or {{ MathMLElement("mtr") }}.
- Possible values are: left, center and right.
-
columnspan
-
A non-negative integer value that indicates on how many columns does the cell extend.
-
displaystyle
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
Specifies the vertical alignment of this cell and overrides values specified by {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }} or {{ MathMLElement("mtr") }}.
- Possible values are: axis, baseline, bottom, center and top.
-
rowspan
-
A non-negative integer value that indicates on how many rows does the cell extend.
-
-
-
Specifications
-
-
{{Specifications}}
-
-
Browser compatibility
-
-
{{Compat}}
-
-
See also
-
-
-
{{ MathMLElement("mtable") }}
-
{{ MathMLElement("mtr") }}
-
+{{MathMLRef}}
+
+The MathML `` element represents a cell in a table or a matrix. It may only appear in a {{ MathMLElement("mtr") }} element. This element is similar to the {{ HTMLElement("td") }} element of [HTML](/en-US/docs/Web/HTML).
+
+## Attributes
+
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- columnalign
+ - : Specifies the horizontal alignment of this cell and overrides values specified by {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }} or {{ MathMLElement("mtr") }}.
+ Possible values are: `left`, `center` and `right`.
+- columnspan
+ - : A non-negative integer value that indicates on how many columns does the cell extend.
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- href
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathcolor
+ - : The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- rowalign
+ - : Specifies the vertical alignment of this cell and overrides values specified by {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }} or {{ MathMLElement("mtr") }}.
+ Possible values are: `axis`, `baseline`, `bottom`, `center` and `top`.
+- rowspan
+ - : A non-negative integer value that indicates on how many rows does the cell extend.
+
+## Specifications
+
+{{Specifications}}
+
+## Browser compatibility
+
+{{Compat}}
+
+## See also
+
+- {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }}
+- {{ MathMLElement("mtr") }}
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtext/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtext/index.md
index 703f49d3b9f8379..0ea05c85452c10e 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtext/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtext/index.md
@@ -8,86 +8,135 @@ tags:
- MathML:Token Elements
browser-compat: mathml.elements.mtext
---
-
{{MathMLRef}}
-
-
The MathML <mtext> element is used to render arbitrary text with no notational meaning, such as comments or annotations.
-
-
To display text with notational meaning, use {{ MathMLElement("mi") }} and {{ MathMLElement("mo") }} instead.
The text direction. Possible values are either ltr (left to right) or rtl (right to left).
-
displaystyle
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
The size of the content. See length for possible values.
- Deprecated values are: small, normal and big. These will be removed in the future.
-
mathvariant
-
This attribute specifies the logical class of the identifier, which varies in typography. That is, although the names suggest the typographic style for the class, semantically, items with the same class are treated "the same" within an expression, which might or might not involve displaying them with the named typography. The following values are allowed:
-
-
normal (Default value) ;
-
bold ;
-
italic ;
-
bold-italic ;
-
-
-
-
double-struck ;
-
bold-fraktur ;
-
script ;
-
bold-script ;
-
fraktur ;
-
-
-
-
sans-serif ;
-
bold-sans-serif ;
-
sans-serif-italic ;
-
sans-serif-bold-italic ;
-
monospace ;
-
-
-
-
normal (Default) ;
-
initial ;
-
tailed ;
-
looped ;
-
stretched ;
-
-
-
-
-
Examples
-
-
<math>
-
- <mtext> Theorem of Pythagoras </mtext>
-
- <mtext> /* comment here */ </mtext>
-
-</math>
-
-
-
Specifications
-
-
{{Specifications}}
-
-
Browser compatibility
-
-
{{Compat}}
-
-
Gecko-specific notes
-
-
-
Some mathvariant values are only implemented starting with Gecko 28.0 (Firefox 28.0 / Thunderbird 28.0 / SeaMonkey 2.25) and require appropriate math fonts.
-
+{{MathMLRef}}
+
+The MathML \ element is used to render arbitrary text with _no_ notational meaning, such as comments or annotations.
+
+To display text _with_ notational meaning, use {{ MathMLElement("mi") }} and {{ MathMLElement("mo") }} instead.
+
+## Attributes
+
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- dir
+ - : The text direction. Possible values are either `ltr` (left to right) or `rtl` (right to left).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- href
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathcolor
+ - : The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathsize
+ - : The size of the content. See [length](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/length) for possible values.
+ Deprecated values are: `small`, `normal` and `big`. These will be removed in the future.
+- mathvariant
+
+ - : This attribute specifies the logical class of the identifier, which varies in typography. That is, although the names suggest the typographic style for the class, semantically, items with the same class are treated "the same" within an expression, which might or might not involve displaying them with the named typography. The following values are allowed:
+
+ - `normal` (Default value) ;
+
+
+
+ - `bold` ;
+
+
+
+ - `italic` ;
+
+
+
+ - `bold-italic` ;
+
+
+
+
+
+ - `double-struck` ;
+
+
+
+ - `bold-fraktur` ;
+
+
+
+ - `script` ;
+
+
+
+ - `bold-script` ;
+
+
+
+ - `fraktur` ;
+
+
+
+
+
+ - `sans-serif` ;
+
+
+
+ - `bold-sans-serif` ;
+
+
+
+ - `sans-serif-italic` ;
+
+
+
+ - `sans-serif-bold-italic` ;
+
+
+
+ - `monospace` ;
+
+
+
+
+
+ - `normal` (Default) ;
+
+
+
+ - `initial` ;
+
+
+
+ - `tailed` ;
+
+
+
+ - `looped` ;
+
+
+
+ - `stretched` ;
+
+
+
+## Examples
+
+```html
+
+```
+
+## Specifications
+
+{{Specifications}}
+
+## Browser compatibility
+
+{{Compat}}
+
+## Gecko-specific notes
+
+- Some `mathvariant` values are only implemented starting with Gecko 28.0 (Firefox 28.0 / Thunderbird 28.0 / SeaMonkey 2.25) and require appropriate [math fonts](/en-US/docs/Mozilla/MathML_Project/Fonts).
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtr/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtr/index.md
index e25d5fa39d83e03..edcd24ec052665f 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtr/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/element/mtr/index.md
@@ -8,42 +8,38 @@ tags:
- MathML:Tabular Math
browser-compat: mathml.elements.mtr
---
-
{{MathMLRef}}
+{{MathMLRef}}
-
The MathML <mtr> element represents a row in a table or a matrix. It may only appear in a {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }} element. This element is similar to the {{ HTMLElement("tr") }} element of HTML.
+The MathML `` element represents a row in a table or a matrix. It may only appear in a {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }} element. This element is similar to the {{ HTMLElement("tr") }} element of [HTML](/en-US/docs/Web/HTML).
-
Overrides the horizontal alignment of cells specified by {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }} for this row.
- Possible values are: left, center and right.
-
displaystyle
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
Overrides the vertical alignment of cells specified by {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }} for this row.
- Possible values are: axis, baseline, bottom, center and top.
-
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- columnalign
+ - : Overrides the horizontal alignment of cells specified by {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }} for this row.
+ Possible values are: `left`, `center` and `right`.
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- href
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathcolor
+ - : The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- rowalign
+ - : Overrides the vertical alignment of cells specified by {{ MathMLElement("mtable") }} for this row.
+ Possible values are: `axis`, `baseline`, `bottom`, `center` and `top`.
-
The MathML <munder> element is used to attach an accent or a limit under an expression. It uses the following syntax: <munder> base underscript </munder>
+The MathML `` element is used to attach an accent or a limit under an expression. It uses the following syntax: ` base underscript `
-
Attributes
+## Attributes
-
-
accentunder
-
If true, the element is an accent, which is drawn closer to the base expression.
- If false (default value), the element is a limit under the base expression.
-
align {{deprecated_inline}}
-
The alignment of the underscript. Possible values are: left, center, and right.
- This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Use CSS text-align instead.
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
+- accentunder
+ - : If `true`, the element is an _accent_, which is drawn closer to the base expression.
+ If `false` (default value), the element is a _limit_ under the base expression.
+- align {{deprecated_inline}}
+ - : The alignment of the underscript. Possible values are: `left`, `center`, and `right`.
+ This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Use CSS [`text-align`](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-align) instead.
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- href
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathcolor
+ - : The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
-
The MathML <munderover> element is used to attach accents or limits both under and over an expression.
+The MathML `` element is used to attach accents or limits both under and over an expression.
-
It uses the following syntax: <munderover> base underscript overscript </munderover>
+It uses the following syntax: ` base underscript overscript `
-
Attributes
+## Attributes
-
-
accent
-
If true, the overscript is an accent, which is drawn closer to the base expression.
- If false (default value), the overscript is a limit over the base expression.
-
accentunder
-
If true, the underscript is an accent, which is drawn closer to the base expression.
- If false (default value), the underscript is a limit under the base expression.
-
align {{deprecated_inline}}
-
The alignment of both underscript and overscript. Possible values are: left, center, and right.
- This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Use CSS text-align instead.
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
href
-
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
-
mathbackground
-
The background color. You can use #rgb, #rrggbb and HTML color names.
+- accent
+ - : If `true`, the overscript is an _accent_, which is drawn closer to the base expression.
+ If `false` (default value), the overscript is a _limit_ over the base expression.
+- accentunder
+ - : If `true`, the underscript is an _accent_, which is drawn closer to the base expression.
+ If `false` (default value), the underscript is a _limit_ under the base expression.
+- align {{deprecated_inline}}
+ - : The alignment of both underscript and overscript. Possible values are: `left`, `center`, and `right`.
+ This attribute is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Use CSS [`text-align`](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-align) instead.
+- class, id, style
+ - : Provided for use with [stylesheets](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS).
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- href
+ - : Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
+- mathbackground
+ - : The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
+- mathcolor
+ - : The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and [HTML color names](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value#color_keywords).
-
In MathML there are two ways to mark up mathematics: Presentation MathML is used to control the layout of equations, whereas Content MathML is designed to encode the semantic mathematical meaning and to make expressions understandable to computer algebra systems. The MathML elements <semantics>, <annotation> and <annotation-xml> are used to combine presentation and content markup and to provide both, layout information and semantic meaning of mathematical expressions.
-
-
The <semantics> element acts as a container element associating annotations and must have child elements (it will raise an invalid markup error otherwise). The <annotation> element is the container element containing semantic information in a non-XML format, whereas the <annotation-xml> element contains content in an XML format, e.g. Content MathML or OpenMath.
-
-
The rules of determining the visible child in a <semantics> element are the following:
-
-
-
If no rule other rule applies: By default only the first child is rendered, which is supposed to be presentation markup.
-
If the first child is a presentation MathML element other than <annotation> or <annotation-xml>, render the first child.
-
If no Presentation MathML is found, render the first <annotation> or <annotation-xml> child element of <semantics>.
- Beware that <annotation-xml> elements are only recognized, if the encoding attribute is set to one of the following:
-
-
"application/mathml-presentation+xml"
-
"MathML-Presentation"
-
"SVG1.1"
-
"text/html"
-
"image/svg+xml"
-
"application/xml".
-
- Note that "application/mathml+xml" is not mentioned here as it does not distinguish between Content or Presentation MathML.
-
-
-
Attributes
-
-
The following attributes can be set on <annotation> and <annotation-xml>:
-
-
-
definitionURL
-
The location of the annotation key symbol.
-
displaystyle
-
A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to false, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when displaystyle is set to true. See also movablelimits on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
-
encoding
-
The encoding of the semantic information in the annotation (e.g. "MathML-Content", "MathML-Presentation", "application/openmath+xml", "image/png")
-
cd
-
The content dictionary that contains the annotation key symbol.
-
name
-
The name of the annotation key symbol.
-
src
-
The location of an external source for semantic information.
-
-
-
Example
-
-
<math>
- <semantics>
-
- <!-- Presentation MathML -->
- <mrow>
- <msup>
- <mi>x</mi>
- <mn>2</mn>
- </msup>
- <mo>+</mo>
- <mi>y</mi>
- </mrow>
-
- <!-- Content MathML -->
- <annotation-xml encoding="MathML-Content">
- <apply>
- <plus/>
- <apply>
- <power/>
- <ci>x</ci>
- <cn type="integer">2</cn>
- </apply>
- <ci>y</ci>
- </apply>
- </annotation-xml>
-
- <!-- annotate an image -->
- <annotation encoding="image/png" src="some/path/formula.png"/>
-
- <!-- annotate TeX -->
- <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">
+{{MathMLRef}}
+
+In MathML there are two ways to mark up mathematics: _Presentation_ MathML is used to control the layout of equations, whereas _Content_ MathML is designed to encode the semantic mathematical meaning and to make expressions understandable to computer algebra systems. The MathML elements ``, `` and `` are used to combine presentation and content markup and to provide both, layout information and semantic meaning of mathematical expressions.
+
+The `` element acts as a container element associating annotations and must have child elements (it will raise an _invalid markup_ error otherwise). The `` element is the container element containing semantic information in a non-XML format, whereas the `` element contains content in an XML format, e.g. Content MathML or OpenMath.
+
+The rules of determining the visible child in a `` element are the following:
+
+- If no rule other rule applies: By default only the first child is rendered, which is supposed to be presentation markup.
+- If the first child is a presentation MathML element other than `` or ``, render the first child.
+- If no Presentation MathML is found, render the first `` or `` child element of ``.
+ Beware that `` elements are only recognized, if the encoding attribute is set to one of the following:
+
+ - `"application/mathml-presentation+xml"`
+ - `"MathML-Presentation"`
+ - `"SVG1.1"`
+ - `"text/html"`
+ - `"image/svg+xml"`
+ - `"application/xml`".
+
+ Note that `"application/mathml+xml"` is _not_ mentioned here as it does not distinguish between Content or Presentation MathML.
+
+## Attributes
+
+The following attributes can be set on `` and ``:
+
+- definitionURL
+ - : The location of the annotation key symbol.
+- `displaystyle`
+ - : A Boolean value specifying whether more vertical space is used for displayed equations or, if set to `false`, a more compact layout is used to display formulas. The main effect is that larger versions of operators are displayed, when `displaystyle` is set to `true`. See also `movablelimits` on {{ MathMLElement("mo") }}.
+- encoding
+ - : The encoding of the semantic information in the annotation (e.g. "MathML-Content", "MathML-Presentation", "application/openmath+xml", "image/png")
+- cd
+ - : The content dictionary that contains the annotation key symbol.
+- name
+ - : The name of the annotation key symbol.
+- src
+ - : The location of an external source for semantic information.
+
+## Example
+
+```html
+
+
+
+```
-
Specifications
+## Specifications
-
{{Specifications}}
+{{Specifications}}
-
Browser compatibility
+## Browser compatibility
-
{{Compat}}
+{{Compat}}
-
Gecko-specific notes
+## Gecko-specific notes
-
-
The algorithm of determining the visible child in <semantics> has been corrected in {{geckoRelease("23")}} to match the MathML specification. In prior versions the first child element has been rendered.
-
In Gecko <annotation> and <annotation-xml> elements are ignored if the src attribute is set.
-
+- The algorithm of determining the visible child in `` has been corrected in {{geckoRelease("23")}} to match the MathML specification. In prior versions the first child element has been rendered.
+- In Gecko `` and `` elements are ignored if the `src` attribute is set.
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/examples/deriving_the_quadratic_formula/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/examples/deriving_the_quadratic_formula/index.md
index feeccb71c5755f3..38d6105f09ee901 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/examples/deriving_the_quadratic_formula/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/examples/deriving_the_quadratic_formula/index.md
@@ -10,429 +10,151 @@ tags:
- MathML
- NeedsBeginnerUpdate
---
-
This page outlines the derivation of the Quadratic Formula.
+This page outlines the derivation of the Quadratic Formula.
-
We take a quadratic equation in its general form, and solve for x:
+We take a quadratic equation in its general form, and solve for x:
-
Below you'll find some examples you can look at to help you to understand how to use MathML to display increasingly complex mathematical concepts in Web content.
+Below you'll find some examples you can look at to help you to understand how to use MathML to display increasingly complex mathematical concepts in Web content.
-
+- [Pythagorean Theorem](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Examples/MathML_Pythagorean_Theorem)
+ - : Small example showing a proof of the Pythagorean Theorem.
+- [Deriving the Quadratic Formula](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Examples/Deriving_the_Quadratic_Formula)
+ - : Outlines the derivation of the Quadratic Formula.
+- [MathML Torture Test](https://fred-wang.github.io/MathFonts/mozilla_mathml_test/)
+ - : Large set of test markup.
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/examples/mathml_pythagorean_theorem/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/examples/mathml_pythagorean_theorem/index.md
index 31a47ee42e4f114..0ade79fc34b6eb0 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/examples/mathml_pythagorean_theorem/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/examples/mathml_pythagorean_theorem/index.md
@@ -10,120 +10,27 @@ tags:
- MathML
- NeedsBeginnerUpdate
---
-
We will now prove the Pythagorean theorem:
+We will now prove the Pythagorean theorem:
-
Statement: In a right angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the
- squares of the other two sides.
+**Statement**: In a right angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the
+squares of the other two sides.
-
i.e, If a and b are the legs and c is the hypotenuse then.
+i.e, If a and b are the legs and c is the hypotenuse then.
-
Proof: We can prove the theorem algebraically by showing that the area of the big square
- equals the area of the inner square (hypotenuse squared) plus the area of the four triangles:
+**Proof:** We can prove the theorem algebraically by showing that the area of the big square
+equals the area of the inner square (hypotenuse squared) plus the area of the four triangles:
-
+
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/fonts/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/fonts/index.md
index b26fea0788abf1c..ec0109f0bb8bbc9 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/fonts/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/fonts/index.md
@@ -6,135 +6,131 @@ tags:
- MathML
- Project
---
-
Fonts with appropriate Unicode coverage and Open Font Format features are required for good math rendering.
- This page describes how users can install and use such math fonts with Mozilla's MathML engine.
- Note that most of these instructions may as well apply to other Web rendering engines.
+Fonts with appropriate Unicode coverage and Open Font Format features are required for good math rendering.
+This page describes how users can install and use such math fonts with Mozilla's MathML engine.
+Note that most of these instructions may as well apply to other Web rendering engines.
-
Installation Instructions
+## Installation Instructions
-
Windows
+### Windows
-
Install the Latin Modern Math and STIX fonts as follows:
+Install the _Latin Modern Math_ and _STIX_ fonts as follows:
-
-
Open the static_otf.zip ZIP archive, and then move inside the static_otf directory. Among the files there, you will find a STIXTwoMath-Regular file.
-
Open the STIXTwoMath-Regular file and click the Install button. If desired, you may also do the same for the other font files.
-
+1. Download [latinmodern-math-1959.zip](http://www.gust.org.pl/projects/e-foundry/lm-math/download/latinmodern-math-1959.zip).
+2. Open the ZIP archive, move inside the `latinmodern-math-1959` directory and then inside the `otf` directory. You will find a `latinmodern-math` font file.
+3. Open the `latinmodern-math` font file and click the `Install` button.
+4. Download [static_otf.zip](https://github.com/stipub/stixfonts/raw/master/zipfiles/static_otf.zip).
+5. Open the `static_otf.zip` ZIP archive, and then move inside the `static_otf` directory. Among the files there, you will find a `STIXTwoMath-Regular` file.
+6. Open the `STIXTwoMath-Regular` file and click the `Install` button. If desired, you may also do the same for the other font files.
-
+> **Note:** _Cambria Math_ is installed by default on Windows 7 and later versions and should ensure relatively good MathML rendering. [An enhancement request has been submitted to Microsoft to install Latin Modern Math and STIX by default](https://windows.uservoice.com/forums/265757-windows-feature-suggestions/suggestions/9727281-add-new-math-fonts-latin-modern-math-and-stix-2).
-
OS X
+### OS X
-
Install the Latin Modern Math and STIX fonts as follows:
+Install the _Latin Modern Math_ and _STIX_ fonts as follows:
-
-
Extract the ZIP archive, move inside the latinmodern-math-1959 directory and then inside the otf directory. You will find a latinmodern-math font file.
-
Double-click the latinmodern-math font file click the "Install the font" button from the window that opens.
Open the static_otf.zip ZIP archive, and then move inside the static_otf directory. Among the files there, you will find a STIXTwoMath-Regular.otf file.
-
Open the STIXTwoMath-Regular.otf file and click the Install Font button from the window that opens. If desired, you may also do the same for the other font files.
-
+1. Download [latinmodern-math-1959.zip](http://www.gust.org.pl/projects/e-foundry/lm-math/download/latinmodern-math-1959.zip).
+2. Extract the ZIP archive, move inside the `latinmodern-math-1959` directory and then inside the `otf` directory. You will find a `latinmodern-math` font file.
+3. Double-click the `latinmodern-math` font file click the "Install the font" button from the window that opens.
+4. Download [static_otf.zip](https://github.com/stipub/stixfonts/raw/master/zipfiles/static_otf.zip).
+5. Open the `static_otf.zip` ZIP archive, and then move inside the `static_otf` directory. Among the files there, you will find a `STIXTwoMath-Regular.otf` file.
+6. Open the `STIXTwoMath-Regular.otf` file and click the **Install Font** button from the window that opens. If desired, you may also do the same for the other font files.
-
-
Note: A deprecated version of STIX is preinstalled starting with OS X Lion and should ensure relatively good MathML rendering. Enhancement requests have been submitted to Apple to ship OpenType MATH fonts in the default installation. If you have a developer account, these are problems 16841023 and 17021145.
-
+> **Note:** A deprecated version of STIX is preinstalled starting with OS X Lion and should ensure relatively good MathML rendering. Enhancement requests have been submitted to Apple to ship OpenType MATH fonts in the default installation. If you have a developer account, these are problems 16841023 and 17021145.
-
Linux
+### Linux
-
Install the Latin Modern Math, STIX or XITS fonts, which are generally available from your package manager.
+Install the _Latin Modern Math_, _STIX_ or _XITS_ fonts, which are generally available from your package manager.
-
On Debian/Ubuntu/Mint and other Debian-based distributions, use the following command:
+On Debian/Ubuntu/Mint and other Debian-based distributions, use the following command:
-
However, you might need to ensure that the fonts are known by your system. Typically, use a fontconfig configuration /etc/fonts/conf.avail/09-texlive-fonts.conf that points to the opentype directory of TeXLive, such as:
+However, you might need to ensure that the fonts are known by your system. Typically, use a fontconfig configuration `/etc/fonts/conf.avail/09-texlive-fonts.conf` that points to the `opentype` directory of TeXLive, such as:
-
<?xml version="1.0"?>
-<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
-<fontconfig>
- <dir>/your/path/to/texmf-dist/fonts/opentype</dir>
-</fontconfig>
+You must use the [MathML-fonts add-on](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/mathml-fonts/).
-
-
Note: There is an enhancement request opened on the Noto bug tracker to improve math support.
-
+> **Note:** There is an [enhancement request](https://github.com/googlei18n/noto-fonts/issues/330) opened on the Noto bug tracker to improve math support.
-
+> **Note:** We [plan to bundle](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=775060) a [MATH font](#Fonts_with_a_MATH_table) in the default installation.
-
Other systems
+### Other systems
-
On other systems, consider installing a MATH font using your package manager. Note that these fonts are generally delivered with TeX distributions such as TeX Live, but you might need to follow specific instructions so that your system is aware of the fonts. As a last resort, install the MathML fonts add-on.
+On other systems, consider installing a [MATH font](#Fonts_with_a_MATH_table) using your package manager. Note that these fonts are generally delivered with TeX distributions such as [TeX Live](https://www.tug.org/texlive/), but you might need to follow specific instructions so that your system is aware of the fonts. As a last resort, install the [MathML fonts add-on](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/mathml-fonts/).
-
Advanced setup
+## Advanced setup
-
Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols
+### Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols
-
Currently, very few fonts have appropriate glyphs for the Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols. If you are likely to need these characters, we recommend to install the XITS or Amiri fonts.
+Currently, very few fonts have appropriate glyphs for the Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols. If you are likely to need these characters, we recommend to install the XITS or [Amiri](https://www.amirifont.org/) fonts.
-
Installation without Administrator Privilege
+### Installation without Administrator Privilege
-
If you need to install fonts on a system without adminstrator privilege, the easiest option is to use math font the MathML-fonts add-on. Note that using the add-on is not optimal since it forces your Gecko browser to load a CSS stylesheet on each page you visit as well as Web math fonts on all pages with MathML content. A better alternative on UNIX systems is to install the OTF files for Latin Modern Math and STIX into some local font folder and (if necessary) to run fc-cache on it. On OS X and Linux, the standard paths are ~/Library/Fonts/ and ~/.fonts.
+If you need to install fonts on a system without adminstrator privilege, the easiest option is to use math font the [MathML-fonts add-on](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/mathml-fonts/). Note that using the add-on is not optimal since it forces your Gecko browser to load a CSS stylesheet on each page you visit as well as Web math fonts on all pages with MathML content. A better alternative on UNIX systems is to install the OTF files for [Latin Modern Math](http://www.gust.org.pl/projects/e-foundry/lm-math/download/latinmodern-math-1959.zip) and [STIX](https://github.com/stipub/stixfonts) into some local font folder and (if necessary) to run `fc-cache` on it. On OS X and Linux, the standard paths are `~/Library/Fonts/` and `~/.fonts`.
-
Fonts with a MATH table
+### Fonts with a MATH table
-
You can actually render MathML using any font with a MATH table and related Open Font Format features. A list of such math fonts is provided below. You can use the advanced font preference menu to configure the default font for mathematics. Alternatively, you can try the MathML-fontsettings add-on.
+You can actually render MathML using any font with a MATH table and related Open Font Format features. A list of such math fonts is provided below. You can use the _advanced font preference menu_ to configure the default font for mathematics. Alternatively, you can try the [MathML-fontsettings add-on](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/mathml-font-settings/).
-
Starting with Gecko 31.0 (Firefox 31.0 / Thunderbird 31.0 / SeaMonkey 2.28), it is now easy to set up the CSS style (and optional WOFF fonts) to use on your Web site.
- See the Authoring MathML page for details.
- You can use FontTools to edit the MATH table and create your own mathematical fonts.
+Starting with Gecko 31.0 (Firefox 31.0 / Thunderbird 31.0 / SeaMonkey 2.28), it is now easy to set up the CSS style (and optional WOFF fonts) to use on your Web site.
+See the [Authoring MathML page](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Authoring#mathematical_fonts) for details.
+You can use [FontTools](https://github.com/behdad/fonttools) to edit the MATH table and create your own mathematical fonts.
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/fonts/test/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/fonts/test/index.md
index 61f29e753bab9a2..28223d8506a9020 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/fonts/test/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/fonts/test/index.md
@@ -2,98 +2,98 @@
title: Test
slug: Web/MathML/Fonts/Test
---
-
You should see a grid with perfectly straight black lines. If not, please consider installing some MathML fonts.
+You should see a grid with perfectly straight black lines. If not, please consider installing some [MathML fonts](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Fonts).
-
+```
{{EmbedLiveSample("Test_grid", 100, 570)}}
diff --git a/files/en-us/web/mathml/index.md b/files/en-us/web/mathml/index.md
index adf054534ae3267..183643b96b6bfc2 100644
--- a/files/en-us/web/mathml/index.md
+++ b/files/en-us/web/mathml/index.md
@@ -8,52 +8,44 @@ tags:
- Web
- XML
---
-
{{MathMLRef}}
+{{MathMLRef}}
-
Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) is a dialect of XML for describing mathematical notation and capturing both its structure and content.
+**Mathematical Markup Language (MathML)** is a dialect of [XML](/en-US/docs/Web/XML) for describing mathematical notation and capturing both its structure and content.
-
+Here you'll find links to documentation, examples, and tools to help you work with this powerful technology. For a quick overview, see the [slides for the innovation fairs at Mozilla Summit 2013](https://fred-wang.github.io/MozSummitMathML/index.html).
-
Suggestions and tips for writing MathML, including suggested MathML editors and how to integrate their output into Web content.
-
+- [MathML element reference](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Element)
+ - : Details about each MathML element and compatibility information for desktop and mobile browsers.
+- [MathML attribute reference](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Attribute)
+ - : Information about MathML attributes that modify the appearance or behavior of elements.
+- [MathML examples](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Examples)
+ - : MathML samples and examples to help you understand how it works.
+- [Authoring MathML](/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Authoring)
+ - : Suggestions and tips for writing MathML, including suggested MathML editors and how to integrate their output into Web content.
-
+- [mozilla.dev.tech.mathml Google Group](https://groups.google.com/g/mozilla.dev.tech.mathml)
+- [Wiki used by Mozilla contributors](https://wiki.mozilla.org/MathML:Home_Page)
+- [W3C Math Home](https://www.w3.org/Math/)
+- [www-math w3.org mail archive](https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-math/)
-
+- [W3C Validator](https://validator.w3.org)
+- [Mathzilla Firefox add-on collection](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/collections/fred_wang/mathzilla/)
+- [TeXZilla](https://github.com/fred-wang/TeXZilla) — Javascript LaTeX to MathML converter ([live demo](https://fred-wang.github.io/TeXZilla/), [Firefox add-on](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/texzilla/), [using in a Web Page, JS program etc](https://github.com/fred-wang/TeXZilla/wiki/Using-TeXZilla))
+- [LaTeXML](https://dlmf.nist.gov/LaTeXML/) - Convert LaTeX documents into HTML+MathML Web pages
+- [MathJax](https://www.mathjax.org/) - Cross-browser JavaScript display engine for mathematics. To force MathJax to use native MathML, try [this Mozilla add-on](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/native-mathml/), this [Safari extension](https://fred-wang.github.io/mathjax-native-mathml-safari/mathjax-native-mathml.safariextz) or this [GreaseMonkey script](https://openuserjs.org/scripts/fred.wang/MathJax_Native_MathML/).
-
