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generate-self-signed-certificates.md

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title category
生成自签名证书
deployment

生成自签名证书

概述

本文档提供使用 cfssl 生成自签名证书的示例。

假设实例集群拓扑如下:

Name Host IP Services
node1 172.16.10.1 PD1, TiDB1
node2 172.16.10.2 PD2, TiDB2
node3 172.16.10.3 PD3
node4 172.16.10.4 TiKV1
node5 172.16.10.5 TiKV2
node6 172.16.10.6 TiKV3

下载 cfssl

假设使用 x86_64 Linux 主机:

mkdir ~/bin
curl -s -L -o ~/bin/cfssl https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
curl -s -L -o ~/bin/cfssljson https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
chmod +x ~/bin/{cfssl,cfssljson}
export PATH=$PATH:~/bin

初始化证书颁发机构

生成 cfssl 的默认配置,以便于之后修改:

mkdir ~/cfssl
cd ~/cfssl
cfssl print-defaults config > ca-config.json
cfssl print-defaults csr > ca-csr.json

生成证书

证书介绍

  • tidb-server certificate 由 TiDB 使用,为其他组件和客户端验证 TiDB 身份。
  • tikv-server certificate 由 TiKV 使用,为其他组件和客户端验证 TiKV 身份。
  • pd-server certificate 由 PD 使用,为其他组件和客户端验证 PD 身份。
  • client certificate 用于通过 PD、TiKV、TiDB 验证客户端。例如 pd-ctltikv-ctlpd-recover

配置 CA 选项

根据实际需求修改 ca-config.json

{
    "signing": {
        "default": {
            "expiry": "43800h"
        },
        "profiles": {
            "server": {
                "expiry": "43800h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            },
            "client": {
                "expiry": "43800h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}

根据实际需求修改 ca-csr.json

{
    "CN": "My own CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "O": "PingCAP",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}

生成 CA 证书

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

将会生成以下几个文件:

ca-key.pem
ca.csr
ca.pem

生成服务器端证书

hostname 中为各组件的 IP 地址,以及 127.0.0.1

echo '{"CN":"tidb-server","hosts":[""],"key":{"algo":"rsa","size":2048}}' | cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=server -hostname="172.16.10.1,172.16.10.2,127.0.0.1" - | cfssljson -bare tidb-server

echo '{"CN":"tikv-server","hosts":[""],"key":{"algo":"rsa","size":2048}}' | cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=server -hostname="172.16.10.4,172.16.10.5,172.16.10.6,127.0.0.1" - | cfssljson -bare tikv-server

echo '{"CN":"pd-server","hosts":[""],"key":{"algo":"rsa","size":2048}}' | cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=server -hostname="172.16.10.1,172.16.10.2,172.16.10.3,127.0.0.1" - | cfssljson -bare pd-server

将会生成以下几个文件:

tidb-server-key.pem     tikv-server-key.pem      pd-server-key.pem
tidb-server.csr         tikv-server.csr          pd-server.csr
tidb-server.pem         tikv-server.pem          pd-server.pem

生成客户端证书

echo '{"CN":"client","hosts":[""],"key":{"algo":"rsa","size":2048}}' | cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=client -hostname="" - | cfssljson -bare client

将会生成以下几个文件:

client-key.pem     
client.csr         
client.pem