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Hands-on Linux-03 : Managing Users and Groups

Purpose of the this hands-on training is to teach the students how to manage users and groups.

Learning Outcomes

At the end of the this hands-on training, students will be able to;

  • explain users and groups in linux.

  • manage users and groups.

Outline

  • Part 1 - Basic User Commands

  • Part 2 - User Management

  • Part 3 - User Passwords

  • Part 4 - Group Management

Part 1 - Basic User Commands

​

  • whoami. ​
whoami
sudo su
pwd
whoami
su ec2-user
sudo su -
pwd

​

  • who. ​
exit
who
who # open a new shell and retry who command to see the users who logged in.

​

  • w. ​
w
who

​

  • id. ​
id
id root
sudo su
useradd user1
id user1

​

  • su. ​
su ec2-user
su user1
sudo su user1
pwd
exit
sudo su - user1
pwd

​

  • passwd. ​
exit
sudo su
useradd user2
passwd user2    # give a password to user2
su - user2
passwd
exit
su user2

​

Part 2 - User management

​

  • /etc/passwd. ​
exit
cat /etc/passwd
tail -3 /etc/passwd

​

  • useradd. ​
sudo useradd user3
cd /home
ls
cd /etc
ls login*
cat login.defs
sudo nano login.defs    # change the CREATE_HOME variable's value to "no"
sudo useradd user4
cd /home && ls
cat /etc/passwd
sudo useradd -m user5    # force to system to create a home directory for user with -m option.
cd /home && ls
sudo useradd -m -d /home/user6home user6    # change the user's home directory name with -d option.
ls
sudo useradd -m -c "this guy is developer" user7    # give a descrpition to user with -c option.
cat /etc/passwd
cat /etc/passwd | grep user7

​

  • userdel. ​
cat /etc/passwd
sudo userdel user5
cat /etc/passwd
cd /home && ls
sudo userdel -r user1    # delete user and its home directory with -r option.
cd /home && ls

​

  • usermod. ​
cat /etc/passwd
sudo usermod -c "this guy will be an aws solution architect" user7
cat /etc/passwd
sudo usermod --help
sudo usermod -l Superuser user2    # change the name of the user2 with -l option.
cat /etc/passwd

​

Part 3 - User Passwords

​

  • passwd-etc/shadow-etc/login.defs. ​
  sudo su
  useradd user8
  passwd user8
  cd /etc
  cat shadow
  cat login.defs

​

Part 4 - Group Management

​

  • groups. ​
groups
sudo groupadd linux
sudo groupadd aws
sudo groupadd python
cat /etc/group
groups
sudo usermod -a -G linux ec2-user    # append ec2-user in linux group.
cat /etc/group
groups
sudo usermod -G aws ec2-user    # this command deletes all groups that ec2-user in except default group of ec2-user and add ec2-user to aws group.
cat /etc/group
sudo groupmod -n my-linux linux    # change the name of the linux group.
cat /etc/group
groups
cat /etc/group
sudo groupdel python
cat /etc/group
sudo gpasswd -a user7 aws    # add a user to a group.
cat /etc/group
sudo gpasswd -d user7 aws    # delete a user to a group.
cat /etc/group