diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 5628a37d..7f953b26 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file. See [standa
 
 ## [Unreleased](https://github.com/motdotla/dotenv/compare/v16.3.1...master)
 
+- Add `error.code` to error messages around `.env.vault` decryption [#795](https://github.com/motdotla/dotenv/pull/795)
+
 ## [16.3.2](https://github.com/motdotla/dotenv/compare/v16.3.1...v16.3.2) (2024-01-18)
 
 ### Added
diff --git a/lib/main.js b/lib/main.js
index f5b4ffa6..7da182bd 100644
--- a/lib/main.js
+++ b/lib/main.js
@@ -53,7 +53,9 @@ function _parseVault (options) {
   // Parse .env.vault
   const result = DotenvModule.configDotenv({ path: vaultPath })
   if (!result.parsed) {
-    throw new Error(`MISSING_DATA: Cannot parse ${vaultPath} for an unknown reason`)
+    const err = new Error(`MISSING_DATA: Cannot parse ${vaultPath} for an unknown reason`)
+    err.code = 'MISSING_DATA'
+    throw err
   }
 
   // handle scenario for comma separated keys - for use with key rotation
@@ -121,7 +123,9 @@ function _instructions (result, dotenvKey) {
     uri = new URL(dotenvKey)
   } catch (error) {
     if (error.code === 'ERR_INVALID_URL') {
-      throw new Error('INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: Wrong format. Must be in valid uri format like dotenv://:key_1234@dotenv.org/vault/.env.vault?environment=development')
+      const err = new Error('INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: Wrong format. Must be in valid uri format like dotenv://:key_1234@dotenv.org/vault/.env.vault?environment=development')
+      err.code = 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY'
+      throw err
     }
 
     throw error
@@ -130,20 +134,26 @@ function _instructions (result, dotenvKey) {
   // Get decrypt key
   const key = uri.password
   if (!key) {
-    throw new Error('INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: Missing key part')
+    const err = new Error('INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: Missing key part')
+    err.code = 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY'
+    throw err
   }
 
   // Get environment
   const environment = uri.searchParams.get('environment')
   if (!environment) {
-    throw new Error('INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: Missing environment part')
+    const err = new Error('INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: Missing environment part')
+    err.code = 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY'
+    throw err
   }
 
   // Get ciphertext payload
   const environmentKey = `DOTENV_VAULT_${environment.toUpperCase()}`
   const ciphertext = result.parsed[environmentKey] // DOTENV_VAULT_PRODUCTION
   if (!ciphertext) {
-    throw new Error(`NOT_FOUND_DOTENV_ENVIRONMENT: Cannot locate environment ${environmentKey} in your .env.vault file.`)
+    const err = new Error(`NOT_FOUND_DOTENV_ENVIRONMENT: Cannot locate environment ${environmentKey} in your .env.vault file.`)
+    err.code = 'NOT_FOUND_DOTENV_ENVIRONMENT'
+    throw err
   }
 
   return { ciphertext, key }
@@ -255,14 +265,14 @@ function decrypt (encrypted, keyStr) {
     const decryptionFailed = error.message === 'Unsupported state or unable to authenticate data'
 
     if (isRange || invalidKeyLength) {
-      const msg = 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: It must be 64 characters long (or more)'
-      throw new Error(msg)
+      const err = new Error('INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: It must be 64 characters long (or more)')
+      err.code = 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY'
+      throw err
     } else if (decryptionFailed) {
-      const msg = 'DECRYPTION_FAILED: Please check your DOTENV_KEY'
-      throw new Error(msg)
+      const err = new Error('DECRYPTION_FAILED: Please check your DOTENV_KEY')
+      err.code = 'DECRYPTION_FAILED'
+      throw err
     } else {
-      console.error('Error: ', error.code)
-      console.error('Error: ', error.message)
       throw error
     }
   }
@@ -274,7 +284,9 @@ function populate (processEnv, parsed, options = {}) {
   const override = Boolean(options && options.override)
 
   if (typeof parsed !== 'object') {
-    throw new Error('OBJECT_REQUIRED: Please check the processEnv argument being passed to populate')
+    const err = new Error('OBJECT_REQUIRED: Please check the processEnv argument being passed to populate')
+    err.code = 'OBJECT_REQUIRED'
+    throw err
   }
 
   // Set process.env
diff --git a/tests/test-config-vault.js b/tests/test-config-vault.js
index 160ffa58..2142c763 100644
--- a/tests/test-config-vault.js
+++ b/tests/test-config-vault.js
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ t.test('returns parsed object', ct => {
 })
 
 t.test('throws not found if .env.vault is empty', ct => {
-  ct.plan(1)
+  ct.plan(2)
 
   const readFileSync = sinon.stub(fs, 'readFileSync').returns('') // empty file
 
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ t.test('throws not found if .env.vault is empty', ct => {
     dotenv.config({ path: testPath })
   } catch (e) {
     ct.equal(e.message, 'NOT_FOUND_DOTENV_ENVIRONMENT: Cannot locate environment DOTENV_VAULT_DEVELOPMENT in your .env.vault file.')
+    ct.equal(e.code, 'NOT_FOUND_DOTENV_ENVIRONMENT')
   }
 
   readFileSync.restore()
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ t.test('throws not found if .env.vault is empty', ct => {
 })
 
 t.test('throws missing data when somehow parsed badly', ct => {
-  ct.plan(1)
+  ct.plan(2)
 
   const configDotenvStub = sinon.stub(dotenv, 'configDotenv').returns({ parsed: undefined })
 
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ t.test('throws missing data when somehow parsed badly', ct => {
     dotenv.config({ path: testPath })
   } catch (e) {
     ct.equal(e.message, 'MISSING_DATA: Cannot parse tests/.env.vault for an unknown reason')
+    ct.equal(e.code, 'MISSING_DATA')
   }
 
   configDotenvStub.restore()
@@ -99,12 +101,13 @@ t.test('throws error when invalid formed DOTENV_KEY', ct => {
   envStub.restore()
   envStub = sinon.stub(process.env, 'DOTENV_KEY').value('invalid-format-non-uri-format')
 
-  ct.plan(1)
+  ct.plan(2)
 
   try {
     dotenv.config({ path: testPath })
   } catch (e) {
     ct.equal(e.message, 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: Wrong format. Must be in valid uri format like dotenv://:key_1234@dotenv.org/vault/.env.vault?environment=development')
+    ct.equal(e.code, 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY')
   }
 
   ct.end()
@@ -132,12 +135,13 @@ t.test('throws error when DOTENV_KEY missing password', ct => {
   envStub.restore()
   envStub = sinon.stub(process.env, 'DOTENV_KEY').value('dotenv://username@dotenv.org/vault/.env.vault?environment=development')
 
-  ct.plan(1)
+  ct.plan(2)
 
   try {
     dotenv.config({ path: testPath })
   } catch (e) {
     ct.equal(e.message, 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: Missing key part')
+    ct.equal(e.code, 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY')
   }
 
   ct.end()
@@ -147,12 +151,13 @@ t.test('throws error when DOTENV_KEY missing environment', ct => {
   envStub.restore()
   envStub = sinon.stub(process.env, 'DOTENV_KEY').value('dotenv://:key_ddcaa26504cd70a6fef9801901c3981538563a1767c297cb8416e8a38c62fe00@dotenv.org/vault/.env.vault')
 
-  ct.plan(1)
+  ct.plan(2)
 
   try {
     dotenv.config({ path: testPath })
   } catch (e) {
     ct.equal(e.message, 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: Missing environment part')
+    ct.equal(e.code, 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY')
   }
 
   ct.end()
@@ -247,12 +252,13 @@ t.test('raises an INVALID_DOTENV_KEY if key RangeError', ct => {
   envStub.restore()
   envStub = sinon.stub(process.env, 'DOTENV_KEY').value('dotenv://:key_ddcaa26504cd70a@dotenv.org/vault/.env.vault?environment=development')
 
-  ct.plan(1)
+  ct.plan(2)
 
   try {
     dotenv.config({ path: testPath })
   } catch (e) {
     ct.equal(e.message, 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY: It must be 64 characters long (or more)')
+    ct.equal(e.code, 'INVALID_DOTENV_KEY')
   }
 
   ct.end()
@@ -262,12 +268,13 @@ t.test('raises an DECRYPTION_FAILED if key fails to decrypt payload', ct => {
   envStub.restore()
   envStub = sinon.stub(process.env, 'DOTENV_KEY').value('dotenv://:key_2c4d267b8c3865f921311612e69273666cc76c008acb577d3e22bc3046fba386@dotenv.org/vault/.env.vault?environment=development')
 
-  ct.plan(1)
+  ct.plan(2)
 
   try {
     dotenv.config({ path: testPath })
   } catch (e) {
     ct.equal(e.message, 'DECRYPTION_FAILED: Please check your DOTENV_KEY')
+    ct.equal(e.code, 'DECRYPTION_FAILED')
   }
 
   ct.end()
@@ -277,12 +284,13 @@ t.test('raises an DECRYPTION_FAILED if both (comma separated) keys fail to decry
   envStub.restore()
   envStub = sinon.stub(process.env, 'DOTENV_KEY').value('dotenv://:key_2c4d267b8c3865f921311612e69273666cc76c008acb577d3e22bc3046fba386@dotenv.org/vault/.env.vault?environment=development,dotenv://:key_c04959b64473e43dd60c56a536ef8481388528b16759736d89515c25eec69247@dotenv.org/vault/.env.vault?environment=development')
 
-  ct.plan(1)
+  ct.plan(2)
 
   try {
     dotenv.config({ path: testPath })
   } catch (e) {
     ct.equal(e.message, 'DECRYPTION_FAILED: Please check your DOTENV_KEY')
+    ct.equal(e.code, 'DECRYPTION_FAILED')
   }
 
   ct.end()