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kubeadm.md

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K8S-1.11_install 地址

参考链接

官网地址：https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/independent/create-cluster-kubeadm

一、环境准备

# 实验架构
lab1: master 11.11.11.111
lab2: node 11.11.11.112
lab3: node 11.11.11.113
 
# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)

二、实验使用的文件：Vagrantfile和init.sh

# 所需box文件CentOS-7-x86_64-Vagrant-1801_02.VirtualBox.box
wget -c http://cloud.centos.org/centos/7/vagrant/x86_64/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-Vagrant-1801_02.VirtualBox.box

# 添加box
vagrant box add CentOS-7-x86_64-Vagrant-1801_02.VirtualBox.box --name centos/7
# cat Vagrantfile
 
# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :
 
ENV["LC_ALL"] = "en_US.UTF-8"
 
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
    (1..3).each do |i|
      # config.vm.provision "shell", path: "init.sh"
      config.vm.define "lab#{i}" do |node|
        node.vm.box = "centos/7"
        node.ssh.insert_key = false
        node.vm.hostname = "lab#{i}"
        node.vm.network "private_network", ip: "11.11.11.11#{i}"
        # node.vm.synced_folder "~/Desktop/share", "/home/vagrant/share"
        node.vm.provision "shell", path: "init.sh"
        node.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
          v.cpus = 2
          v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "lab#{i}", "--memory", "2048"]
        end
      end
    end
end
 
# cat init.sh
 
#!/bin/bash
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH
 
cat >>/etc/hosts<<EOF
11.11.11.111 lab1
11.11.11.112 lab2
11.11.11.113 lab3
EOF
 
echo "nameserver 219.141.136.10">/etc/resolv.conf
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
 
yum install -y wget
cd /etc/yum.repos.d && mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak
wget -O CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum clean all && yum makecache
yum install -y  lrzsz git
systemctl stop firewalld.service && systemctl disable firewalld.service
 
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/=enforcing/=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
 
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
EOF
sysctl -p
 
echo 'disable swap'
        swapoff -a
        sed -i '/swap/s/^/#/' /etc/fstab
         
egrep "^docker" /etc/group >& /dev/null
        if [ $? -ne 0 ]
        then
          groupadd docker
        fi
 
        usermod -aG docker vagrant
        rm -rf ~/.docker/
        yum install -y docker.x86_64
systemctl start docker && systemctl enable docker
 
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors" : ["https://de5884ui.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

# 以上是通过Vagrant和VirtualBox自动创建虚拟机3台，并进行相应的初始化。
# 若虚拟机已创建完毕，请做以下初始化。
  1. 关闭防火墙和selinux
  2. 修改主机名及hosts
  3. 设置DNS
  4. 更改Yum源
  5. 关闭swap
  6. 安装docker
  7. 配置docker加速器

三、如下操作在所有节点操作：

1. 安装 kubeadm, kubelet 和 kubectl

   配置源
   cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
   [kubernetes]
   name=Kubernetes
   baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
   enabled=1
   gpgcheck=1
   repo_gpgcheck=1
   gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
   EOF
    
   # 安装
   yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl ipvsadm

2. 配置启动kubelet

   # 临时禁用selinux
   # 永久关闭 修改/etc/sysconfig/selinux文件设置
   sed -i 's/SELINUX=permissive/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
   setenforce 0
    
   # 临时关闭swap
   # 永久关闭 注释/etc/fstab文件里swap相关的行
   swapoff -a
    
   # 开启forward
   # Docker从1.13版本开始调整了默认的防火墙规则
   # 禁用了iptables filter表中FOWARD链
   # 这样会引起Kubernetes集群中跨Node的Pod无法通信
    
   iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
    
   # 配置转发相关参数，否则可能会出错
   cat <<EOF >  /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
   net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
   net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
   vm.swappiness=0
   EOF
   sysctl --system
    
   # 加载ipvs相关内核模块
   # 如果重新开机，需要重新加载
   modprobe ip_vs
   modprobe ip_vs_rr
   modprobe ip_vs_wrr
   modprobe ip_vs_sh
   modprobe nf_conntrack_ipv4
   lsmod | grep ip_vs
   
   # 配置kubelet使用国内pause镜像
   # 配置kubelet的cgroups
   # 获取docker的cgroups
   DOCKER_CGROUPS=$(docker info | grep 'Cgroup' | cut -d' ' -f3)
   echo $DOCKER_CGROUPS
   cat >/etc/sysconfig/kubelet<<EOF
   KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=$DOCKER_CGROUPS --pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.1"
   EOF
    
   # 启动
   systemctl daemon-reload
   systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

四、如下操作在master节点操作：

1、配置master并初始化

# 1.11 版本 centos 下使用 ipvs 模式会出问题
# 参考 https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/65461
 
# 生成配置文件
cat >kubeadm-master.config<<EOF
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1alpha2
kind: MasterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.11.0
imageRepository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
api:
  advertiseAddress: 11.11.11.111
 
controllerManagerExtraArgs:
  node-monitor-grace-period: 10s
  pod-eviction-timeout: 10s
 
networking:
  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
   
kubeProxy:
  config:
    # mode: ipvs
    mode: iptables
EOF
 
# 提前拉取镜像
# 如果执行失败 可以多次执行
kubeadm config images pull --config kubeadm-master.config
 
# 初始化
kubeadm init --config kubeadm-master.config

2、配置使用kubectl

rm -rf $HOME/.kube
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
 
# 查看node节点
kubectl get nodes
 
# 只有网络插件也安装配置完成之后，才能会显示为ready状态
# 设置master允许部署应用pod，参与工作负载，现在可以部署其他系统组件
# 如 dashboard, heapster, efk等
kubectl taint nodes --all node-role.kubernetes.io/master-

3、配置使用网络插件

# 下载配置
mkdir flannel && cd flannel
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/v0.10.0/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
 
# 修改配置
# 此处的ip配置要与上面kubeadm的pod-network一致
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
 
# 修改镜像
image: registry.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/gcr-k8s/flannel:v0.10.0-amd64
 
docker pull registry.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/gcr-k8s/flannel:v0.10.0-amd64 && \
docker tag registry.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/gcr-k8s/flannel:v0.10.0-amd64 quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.10.0-amd64
 
# 如果Node有多个网卡的话，参考flannel issues 39701，
# https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/39701
# 目前需要在kube-flannel.yml中使用--iface参数指定集群主机内网网卡的名称，
# 否则可能会出现dns无法解析。容器无法通信的情况，需要将kube-flannel.yml下载到本地，
# flanneld启动参数加上--iface=<iface-name>
    containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: registry.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/gcr-k8s/flannel:v0.10.0-amd64
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        - --iface=eth1
 
# 启动
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
 
# 查看
kubectl get pods --namespace kube-system
kubectl get svc --namespace kube-system

五、如下操作在node节点操作：

# 此命令为初始化master成功后返回的结果
kubeadm join 11.11.11.111:6443 --token ocj4qp.qzshbzjpv095e418 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:9ea06d48a41289b538aadb2103bbe794b3d2cb70740e522bd97ac6ef129e11e6

六、测试

kubectl run nginx --replicas=2 --image=nginx:alpine --port=80
kubectl expose deployment nginx --type=NodePort --name=example-service-nodeport
kubectl expose deployment nginx --name=example-service
 
kubectl get deploy
kubectl get pods
kubectl get svc
kubectl describe svc example-service
 
kubectl run curl --image=radial/busyboxplus:curl -i --tty
nslookup kubernetes
nslookup example-service
curl example-service
 
 
# 10.96.100.22 为查看svc时获取到的clusterip
curl "10.96.100.22"
 
# 32223 为查看svc时获取到的 nodeport
http://11.11.11.112:32058/
http://11.11.11.113:32058/
 
# 清理删除
kubectl delete svc example-service example-service-nodeport
kubectl delete deploy nginx curl

七、小技巧

# 忘记初始master节点时的node节点加入集群命令
# 简单方法
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
 
# 第二种方法
token=$(kubeadm token generate)
kubeadm token create $token --print-join-command --ttl=0