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wordsAll.txt
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wordsAll.txt
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Dictionary of FlashForth 5 31.03.2023
! ( x addr -- )
Store x to addr
!p ( addr -- )
Store addr to p(ointer) register
!p>r ( addr -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Push contents of p to return stack and stor addr to p
# ( ud1 -- ud2 ) COMPILE_ONLY
Convert 1 digit to formatted numeric string
#> ( ud1 -- c-addr u ) COMPILE_ONLY
Leave address and count of formatted numeric string
#s ( ud1 -- ud2 ) COMPILE_ONLY
Convert remaining digits to formatted numeric output
' ( -- xt )
Parse word and find it in dictionary
'emit ( -- addr ) User Variable
EMIT vector. TX0, TX1, TX2, TX3 or TXU
'key ( -- addr ) User Variable
KEY vector. RX0, RX1, RX2, RX3 or RXU
'key? ( -- addr ) User Variable
KEY? vector. RX0?, RX1?, RX2?, RX3? or RXU?
'source ( -- a-addr ) User Variable
Current input source
( ( -- )
Skip input on the same line until ) is encountered
* (u1/n1 u2/n2 -- u3/n3
Signed and unsigned 16*16->16 bit multiplikation
*/ ( n1 n2 n3 -- quotient )
Multiply n1 and n2 and divide with n3. 32 bit intermediate result.
*/mod ( n1 n2 n3 -- rem quot )
Multiply n1 with n2 and divide with n3 via 32-bit
intermediate result
+ ( n1 n2 -- n3 )
Add n1 to n2
+! ( n addr -- )
Add n to cell at addr.
+loop ( n -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Add n to the loop index and terminate the loop if the limit has been reached.
, ( x -- )
Append x to the current data section
," ( "string" -- )
Append a string at HERE.
- ( n1 n2 -- n3 )
Subtract n2 from n1
-@ ( a-addr -- a-addr-2 n )
Fetch from a-addr and decrement a-addr by 2
. ( n -- )
Display n signed according to base
.s ( -- )
Display the stack contents
.st ( -- )
Emit status string for base, current data section,
and display the stack contents.
/ ( n1 n2 -- n3 )
16/16->16 bit signed division
/mod ( n n -- rem quot )
16/16 -> 16-bit signed division.
/string ( addr u n -- addr+n u-n )
Trim string
0< ( n -- flag )
Leave true flag if n is less than zero
0= ( x -- flag )
Leave true flag if x is zero
1 ( -- 1 )
Leave one
1+ ( n -- n1 )
Add one to n
1- ( n -- n1 )
Subtract 1 from n
2* ( u1 -- u2 )
Shift u1 left one bit
2+ ( n -- n1 )
Add two to n
2- ( n -- n1 )
Subtract 2 from n
2/ (n1 -- n2 )
Shift n1 right one bit.
2@ ( a-addr -- x1 x2 )
Fetch two cells
2! ( x1 x2 a-addr -- )
Store two cells. x1 to lower address. x2 to higher address
2constant ( x x "name" -- )
Define a double constant
2drop ( x1 x2 -- )
Drop two cells
2dup ( x1 x2 -- x1 x2 x1 x2 )
Duplicate two top cells
2over ( x1 x2 x3 x4 -- x1 x2 x3 x4 x1 x2 )
PIC18
2literal ( x x -- )
Compile a double literal
2variable ( "name" -- )
Define a double variable
: ( "name" -- )
Begin a colon definition
:noname ( -- addr )
Define headerless forth code
; ( -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
End a colon definition
;i ( -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
End a interrupt word
< ( n1 n2 -- flag )
Leave true flag if n1 is less than n2
<# ( -- ) Compile Only
Begin numeric conversion
<> ( x1 x2 -- flag )
Leave true flag if x1 and x2 are not equal
= ( x1 x2 -- flag )
Leave true flag if x1 and x2 are equal
> ( n1 n2 -- flag )
Leave trye flag if n1 is grater than n2
>a ( x -- )
Write to the A register
>body ( xt -- a-addr )
Leave the data field address of
a created word
>in ( -- a-addr ) User Variable
Holds offset into tib
>number ( ud c-addr1 u1 -- ud c-addr2 u2 )
Convert string to number
>pr ( c -- c )
Convert a character to a graphic ASCII value.
Non-graphic characters are converted to a dot.
>r ( x -- ) ( R: -- x ) COMPILE_ONLY
Push x from the parameter stack to the return stack
>xa ( a-addr1 -- a-addr2 )
Convert a flash virtual address to real executable address.
PIC24-30-33 ATMEGA
?abort ( flag c-addr u -- )
Print message and abort if flag is false
?abort? ( flag -- )
If flag is false output ? and abort
?do ( limit index -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Start a do loop which is not run if the arguemnts are equal
?dnegate ( d n -- d )
Negate d if n is negative
?negate ( n1 n2 -- n3 )
Negate n1 if n2 is negative
@ ( a-addr -- x )
Fetch x from a-addr
@+ ( a-addr1 -- a-addr2 x )
Fetch cell from a-addr1 and increment a-addr1 by cellsize
@p ( -- addr )
Fetch the p register to the stack
@ex ( addr -- )
Fetch vector from addr and execute.
[ ( -- )
Enter interpreter state
['] ( "name" -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Compile xt of name as a literal
[char] ( "char" -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Compile inline ascii character
[i ( -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Enter Forth interrupt context
PIC18 PIC24-30-33
\ ( -- )
Skip rest of line
] ( -- )
Enter compilation state
a> ( -- x )
Read from the A register
abort ( -- )
Reset stack pointer and execute quit
abort" ( "string" -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Compile inline string and postpone ?abort
abs ( n -- n1 )
Leave absolute value of n
accept ( c-addr +n -- +n' )
Get line from terminal
again ( a-addr -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
begin ... again
aivt ( -- )
Activate the alternate interrupt vector table
Not PIC24E PIC33E
align ( -- )
Align the current data section dictionary pointer
to cell boundary
aligned ( addr -- a-addr )
Align addr to a cell boundary.
allot ( n -- )
Adjust the current data section dictionary pointer
and ( x1 x2 -- x3 )
Bitwise and of x1 and x2
base ( -- a-addr ) User Variable
Numeric conversion base
begin ( -- a-addr ) COMPILE_ONLY
begin ... again
begin ... until
begin ... while ... repeat
bin ( -- )
Set base to binary
bl ( -- c )
Ascii space
busy ( -- )
Cpu idle mode not allowed
c! ( c c-addr -- )
Store c to c-addr
c@ ( c-addr -- c )
Fetch c from addr
c@+ ( c-addr1 -- c-addr2 c )
Fetch char from addr1 and increment addr1
c, ( c -- )
Append c to the current data section
case ( n -- n ) COMPILE_ONLY
Start a case construct
cell ( -- n )
Leave the size of one cell in characters.
cell+ ( a-addr1 -- a-addr2 )
Add cell size to addr1
cells ( n1 -- n2 )
Convert cells to address units.
char ( "char" -- n )
Parse a char and leave ascii value on stack
char+ ( c-addr1 -- c-addr2 )
Add one to c.addr1
chars ( n1 -- n2 )
Convert characters to address units
cf, ( xt -- )
Compile xt into the flash dictionary.
c>n ( addr1 -- addr2 )
Convert cfa to nfa
cmove ( addr1 addr2 u -- )
Move u chars from addr1 to addr2
constant ( x "name" -- )
Create a constant in flash as inline literal code
cq> ( queue-addr -- c )
Get a character from queue.
PIC24
cq>? ( queue-addr -- n )
Get the amount of characters in the queue.
PIC24
cq: ( size "name" -- )
Create a character queue
PIC24
cq0 ( queue-addr -- )
Initalise the queue.
PIC24
cr ( -- )
Emit CR LF
create ( "name" -- )
Create a word definition and store the current
data section pointer.
cwd ( -- )
Clear the WatchDog counter.
d+ ( d d -- d )
Add double numbers
d- ( d d -- d )
Subtract double numbers
d. ( d -- )
Display signed double number.
d0= ( d -- f )
True if d equals zero
d0< ( d -- f )
True if d is negative
d< ( d d -- f )
True if less than
d= ( d d -- f )
True if equal
d> ( d d -- f )
True if greater than
d2* ( d -- d )
Multiply by 2
d2/ ( d -- d )
Divide by 2
dabs ( d - +d )
Absolute value
decimal ( -- )
Set numeric base to decimal 10.
default ( n -- )
Default branch in case statement
defer ( "name -- )
Define a deferred execution vector
di ( -- )
Disable interrupts
digit ( n -- c )
Convert n to ascii character value
digit? ( c -- n flag )
Convert char to a digit according to base
dinvert ( ud -- ud )
Invert double number
dnegate ( d -- -d )
Negate double number
do ( limit index --) COMPILE_ONLY
Start a do loop
does> ( -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Define the runtime action of a created word.
dp ( -- addr ) Eeprom variable mirrored in ram
Leave the address of the current data section
dictionary pointer
dps ( -- d )
End address of Dictionary Pointers.
Absolute address of start of free flash.
Library and C code can be linked starting at this address.
PIC24 and dsPIC33
drop ( x1 -- )
Drop top of stack
dump ( addr u -- )
Display a memory dump
dup ( x -- x x )
Duplicate top of stack
ei ( -- )
Enable interrupts
end ( task-addr -- )
Remove a task from the task list.
eeprom ( -- )
Set data section context to eeprom
else ( addr1 -- addr2 ) COMPILE_ONLY
if ... else ... then
emit ( c -- )
Emit c to the serial port FIFO. FIFO is 46 chars.
Executes pause.
empty ( -- )
Reset all dictionary pointers.
endcase ( n -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
End of case construct
endit ( -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Leave a for/next loop when next is encountered.
Sets top of return stack to zero
endof ( -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
of .. endof in case statement
evaluate ( c-addr n -- )
Evaluate buffer
execute ( addr -- )
Execute word at addr
exit ( -- )
Exit from a word.
false ( -- 0 )
Fcy ( -- u )
The internal cpu & peripheral clock cycle in KHz.
fl- ( -- )
Disable writes to flash and eeprom.
fl+ ( -- )
Allow writes to flash and eeprom.
flash ( -- )
Set data section context to flash
fill ( c-addr u c -- )
Fill u bytes with c staring at c-addr
find ( c-addr -- c-addr 0/1/-1 )
Find a word in dictionary
Leave 1 if immediate, -1 if normal, 0 if not found
fm/mod (d n -- rem quot )
Floored 32/16 -> 16-bit division
for ( u -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Loop u times. for ... next
R@ gets the loop counter u-1 ... 0
forget ( "name -- )
Forget name
here ( -- addr )
Leave the current data section dictionary pointer
hex ( -- )
Set numeric base to hexadecimal
hi ( -- u )
High limit of the current data space memory.
hold ( c -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Append char to formatted numeric string
hp ( -- a-addr ) USER
Hold buffer for formatted numeric output
hp ( -- a-addr ) USER
Hold pointer for formatted numeric output
i ( -- n ) COMPILE_ONLY
The loop index
i] ( -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Exit Forth interrupt context
PIC18 PIC24-30-33
i, ( x -- )
Append x to the flash data section.
ic, ( c -- )
Append c to the flash data section.
idle ( -- )
Cpu idle mode is allowed
if ( -- a-addr ) COMPILE_ONLY
if ... else ... then
iflush ( -- )
Flush the flash write buffer
immed? ( addr -- n )
Leave a nonzero value if addr contains a immediate flag
immediate ( -- )
Mark latest definition as immediate
in? ( nfa -- flag )
Leave a nonzero value if nfa has inline bit set
inline ( "name" -- )
Inline the following word.
inlined ( -- )
Mark the latest compiled word as for automatic inlining.
int/ ( vector-no -- )
Restore the original vector to the alternate table in flash
PIC30 PIC24FK
int! ( xt vector-no -- )
Store an interrupt vector to the interrupt vector table.
PIC18: Dummy vector number (0) for high prority interrupts.
PIC30: Alternate interrupt vector table in flash.
PIC33: Alternate interrupt vector table in ram.
PIC24H: Alternate interrupt vector table in ram.
PIC24F: Alternate interrupt vector table in ram.
PIC24FK: Alternate interrupt vector table in flash.
PIC24E: Main table in ram
ATMEGA: Interrupt vector table in ram.
interpret ( c-addr u - )
Interpret the buffer
invert ( x1 -- x2 )
Ones complement of x1
is ( x "name" -- )
Set the value a deferred word
ivt ( -- )
Activate the normal interrupt vector table
Not PIC24E PIC33E
j ( -- n ) COMPILE ONLY
The outer loop index
key ( -- c )
Get a character from the serial port FIFO.
Execute pause until a character is available
key? ( -- flag )
Leave true if character is waiting in the serial port FIFO
latest ( -- a-addr )
Variable holding the address of the latest defined word
leave ( -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Leave a DO LOOP immediately
literal ( x -- )
Compile a literal into the dictionary
load ( -- n )
Get the CPU load in percent.
The integration interval is 256 milliseconds.
load+ ( -- )
Enable on the load led.
ATMEGA
load- ( -- )
Disable on the load led.
ATMEGA
loop ( -- )
Increment the loop index and terminate the loop if the limit has been reached.
lshift ( x1 u -- x2
Shift x1 u bits to the left
m+ ( d1 n -- d2 )
Add double number d1 to n
m* ( n n -- d )
Signed 16*16->32 multiply
m*/ ( d1 n1 n2 - d2 )
Scale d2 = d1*n1/n2 with triple intermediate result
marker ( "name" -- )
Mark a dictionary state
max ( n1 n2 -- n3 )
Leave max of n1 and n2
mclr ( mask addr -- )
AND the contents of addr with the complement of mask
PIC24-30-33: 16-bit operation
ATMEGA and PIC18: 8-bit operation
min ( n1 n2 -- n3 )
Leave min of n1 and n2
mod ( n1 n2 -- remainder )
Remainder of n1 divided by n2
ms ( +n -- )
Pause for +n milliseconds
mset ( mask addr -- )
OR the contents of addr with mask.
PIC24-30-33: 16-bit operation
ATMEGA and PIC18: 8-bit operation
mtst ( mask addr -- x )
AND the contents of addr with mask
PIC24-30-33: 16-bit operation
ATMEGA and PIC18: 8-bit operation
n= ( c-addr c-addr(nfa) -- flag )
Compare strings in ram(c-addr) and flash(nfa)
flag is zero if strings match. Length<16.
negate ( n -- -n )
negate n
next ( bra-addr bc-addr -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
for ... next
n>c ( nfa -- cfa )
n>l ( nfa -- lfa )
Not implemented.
Convert nfa to lfa. Use 2- instead
nip ( x1 x2 -- x2 )
Remove x1 from the stack
number? ( c-addr -- n/d/c-addr flag )
Convert string to number
# is decimal prefix
$ is hexadecimal prefix
% is binary prefix
Flag: 0=error, 1=single, 2=double
of ( n -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Branch for value n in case statement
operator ( -- addr )
Leave the address of the operator task
or ( x1 x2 -- x3 )
Or bitwise x1 with x2
over ( x1 x2 -- x1 x2 x1 )
Copy x1 to top of stack
p+ ( -- )
Increment P register by one
p2+ ( -- )
Add 2 to P register
p++ ( n -- )
Add n to the p register
p! ( x -- )
Store x to the location pointed by the p register
pc! ( c -- )
Store c to the location pointed by the p register
p@ ( -- x )
Fetch the cell pointed by the p register
pc@ ( -- c )
Fetch the char pointed by the p register
pad ( -- a-addr )
PAD is a global temporary buffer at start of free ram.
parse ( c -- addr length )
Parse a token addressed by 'SOURCE and >IN.
pause ( -- )
Switch to the next task in the round robin task list.
Idle in the operator task if allowed by all tasks.
place ( addr1 u addr2 -- )
Place string from addr1 to addr2 as a counted string
postpone ( "name" -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Postpone action of immediate word
prompt ( -- a-addr ) Eeprom defer
Deferred execution vector for the info displayed by quit.
Default is .ST
quit ( -- )
Interpret from current input.
r> ( -- x ) ( R: x -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Pop x from the return stack to the parameter stack
r>p ( -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Pop from return stack to p register
r@ ( -- x ) ( R: x -- x ) COMPILE_ONLY
Copy x from the return stack to the parameter stack
r0 ( -- a-addr ) USER
Bottom of return stack
ram ( -- )
Set data section context to ram
rdrop ( -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Remove top elemnt from return stack
repeat ( addr2 addr1 -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
begin ... while ... repeat
rot ( x1 x2 x3 -- x2 x3 x1 )
Rotate three top stack items
rshift ( x1 u -- x2 )
Shift x1 u bits to the right
run ( task-addr -- )
Link the task to the task list. The task
starts running immediately.
rx0 ( -- c )
Receive a character from UART0.
ATMEGA
rx0? ( -- f )
Leave TRUE if the UART0 receive buffer is not empty.
ATMEGA
rx1 ( -- c )
Receive a character from UART1.
rx1? ( -- f )
Leave TRUE if UART1 receive buffer is not empty.
rx1q ( -- queue-addr )
Leave the address of the queue for UART1.
PIC24-30-33
rx2 ( -- c )
Receive a character from UART2.
PIC18-24-30-33
rx2? ( -- f )
Leave TRUE if UART2 receive buffer is not empty.
PIC18-24-30-33
rx2q ( -- queue-addr )
Leave the address of the queue for UART2.
PIC24-30-33
rx3 ( -- c )
Receive a character from UART3.
PIC18
rx3? ( -- f )
Leave TRUE if UART3 receive buffer is not empty.
PIC18
rxu ( -- c )
Receive a character from USB UART.
PIC18-24 USB
rxu? ( -- f )
Leave TRUE if USB UART receive buffer is not empty.
PIC18-24 USB
s>d ( n -- d )
Sign extend single to double precision number
s0 ( -- a-addr )
Bottom of parameter stack
scan ( c-addr u c -- c-addr' u'
Scan string until c is found.
If delimiter is space, treat control chars as delimiter.
c-addr must point to ram. u<255
sign ( n -- )
Append minus sign to formatted numeric output
sign? ( addr1 n1 -- addr2 n2 flag )
Get optional minus sign
single ( -- )
End all tasks except the operator task.
Removes all tasks from the task list
except the operator task.
skip ( c-addr u c -- c-addr' u' )
Skip string until c not encountered.
If delimiter is space, treat control chars as delimiter.
c-addr must point to ram. u<255
sm/rem ( d n -- rem quot )
Symmetric 32/16 -> 16 bit division
sp@ ( -- addr )
Leave parameter stack pointer
sp! ( addr -- )
Set the parameter stack pointer to addr
s" ( "text" -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Compile string into flash
." ( "text" -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
Compile string to print into flash
source ( -- c-addr u )
Current input buffer address and numbers of chracters
space ( -- )
Emit one space character
spaces ( n -- )
Emit n space characters
state ( -- flag )
Compilation state. State can only be changed by [ and ]
swap ( x1 x2 -- x2 x1 )
Swap two top stack items
task ( -- addr )
Address of the task definition table
task: ( tibsize stacksize rstacksize addsize -- )
Define a task
HINT:
Use RAM xxx ALLOT to leave space for PAD if it is needed.
The OPERATOR task does not use PAD.
tinit ( taskloop-addr task-addr -- )
Initialise the user area and link it to a task loop
then ( addr -- ) COMPILE_ONLY
if ... else ... then
tib ( -- addr ) USER
Address of the terminal input buffer
tiu ( -- addr ) USER
Terminal input buffer pointer
ti# ( -- n ) Task constant
Size of terminal input buffer
ticks ( -- u )
System ticks. One tick per millisecond.
to ( x "name" -- )
Store x into value "name".
true ( -- -1 )
tuck ( x1 x2 -- x2 x1 x2 )
Insert x2 below x1 in the stack
turnkey ( -- addr )
Vector for user startup word
Eeprom value cached in ram
type ( c-addr u -- )
Type line to terminal. u < 256
tx0 ( c -- )
Send a character to UART 0.
ATMEGA
tx1 ( c -- )
Send a character to UART 1.
tx1q ( -- queue-addr )
Leave the address of the queue for UART1.
PIC24-30-33
tx2 ( c -- )
Send a character to UART 2.
PIC18-24-30-33
tx2q ( -- queue-addr )
Leave the address of the queue for UART2.
PIC24-30-33
tx3 ( c -- )
Send a character to UART 2.
PIC18
txu ( c -- )
Send a character to USB UART.
PIC18 USB
u0- ( -- )
Disable flow control for UART0 serial interface
u0+ ( -- )
Enable flow control for UART0 serial interface (Default)
u1- ( -- )
Disable flow control for UART1 serial interface
u1+ ( -- )
Enable flow control for UART1 serial interface (Default)
u2- ( -- )
Disable flow control for UART2 serial interface
u2+ ( -- )
Enable flow control for UART2 serial interface (Default)
u*/mod ( u1 u2 u3 -- u4(remainder) u5(quotient) )
Unsigned u1*u2/u3 with 32 bit intermediate result
u. ( u -- )
Display u unsigned according to numeric base
u.r ( u +n -- )
Display u in field of width n. 0<n<256
u/ ( u1 u2 -- u3 )
Unsigned 16/16->16 bit division
u/mod ( u1 u2 -- u3(remainder) u4(quotient)
Unsigned 16/16->16 bit division
u< ( u1 u2 -- flag )
Leave true flag if u1 is less than u2
u> ( u1 u2 -- flag )
Leave true flag if u1 is greater than u2
ud. ( ud -- )
Display unsigned double number
ud* ( ud u -- ud )
Unsigned 32x16 -> 32 bit multiply