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Drools
How to use Drools in openHAB
Since openHAB 0.9.0, JBoss Drools support is available as a separate download (link?). This can be used as a replacement for the integrated rule engine, if a more powerful rule engine is needed for the definition of automation rules.
To install this package, simply extract it to ${openhab.home
} and you are done.
If you want to switch off the integrated rule engine, you have to add the parameter -DnoRules=true
to the start.sh/bat
script.
Note that in contrast to the integrated rule engine, there is no IDE support in the openHAB Designer for Drools. You may want to download and install the JBoss Tooling for it.
Most of the rule code can be written in plain Java, but you should make yourself familiar with the specifics of the Drools rule syntax.
Rule files can be created in the folder ${openhab.home}/configurations/drools
. They should have the file extension drl for normal Java-based rule files. The runtime distribution already comes with an example rule file.
Most of the time you will be dealing with item states in your rules. You will have to refer to the sources to see what type the states of your item are and how these can be transformed into Java primitive types.
You can find the item definitions here and the type definitions here.
To get a Java float of a temperature value defined as an NumberItem
, you could use the following code:
((DecimalType)$item.getState()).toBigDecimal().floatValue()
The working memory of the Drools engine contains the following objects:
-
The
Item
instances for all defined items of openHAB. These have the following attributes (their type is given in brackets): -
name (String)
-
state (State)
-
A
StateEvent
instance for every status update that was received on the event bus since the last rule evaluation. AStateEvent
has the following attributes: -
itemName (String)
-
item (Item)
-
timestamp (Calendar)
-
changed (boolean)
-
oldState (State)
-
newState (State)
-
A
CommandEvent
instance for every command that was received on the event bus since the last rule evaluation. ACommandEvent
has the following attributes: -
itemName (String)
-
item (Item)
-
timestamp (Calendar)
-
command (Command)
StateEvent
and CommandEvent
objects are removed after a single rule evaluation again, so that rules are not triggered multiple times on such events. The Item
objects clearly stay in the working memory, but are always directly updated when their status changes.
The rule evaluation is triggered continuously with a 200ms pause between two evaluations.
To have all functions and types available, you should at least use the imports as they exist in the demo.drl file. Add additional import statements for any additional Java classes you might want to use (e.g. java.math.*).
The when clause (LHS) of a rule should contain conditions based on the objects in the working memory, i.e. items and events.
Here is an example of a when clause:
$event : StateEvent(itemName=="Rain", changed==true)
$window : Item(name=="Window", state==OpenClosedType.OPEN)
The rule logic can use the variables defined in the when clause and contain any kind of Java code. To work with item states, see the notes on the type system above - unfortunately, there is quite some ugly type casting involved in this. Besides normal Java operations, there are some statically imported methods available to your rule code, called "actions" in openHAB - see the next section on what features are provided through these actions.
Here is an example of a rule logic for the LHS from above:
boolean $isRaining = ((OnOffType)$event.getNewState()).equals(OnOffType.ON);
if($isRaining) {
say("It has started raining and your window is still open!");
} else {
playSound("ICanSeeClearlyNow.mp3");
}
In general, Drools can call any kind of static Java methods that are available on the classpath. openHAB comes with a set of useful actions for different use cases.
ℹ Please find all documentation for openHAB 2 under http://docs.openhab.org.
The wiki pages here contain (outdated) documentation for the older openHAB 1.x version. Please be aware that a lot of core details changed with openHAB 2.0 and this wiki as well as all tutorials found for openHAB 1.x might be misleading. Check http://docs.openhab.org for more details and consult the community forum for all remaining questions.
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A good source of inspiration and tips from users gathered over the years. Be aware that things may have changed since they were written and some examples might not work correctly.
Please update the wiki if you do come across any out of date information.
- Rollershutter Bindings
- Squeezebox
- WAC Binding
- WebSolarLog
- Alarm Clock
- Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius
- The mother of all lighting rules
- Reusable Rules via Functions
- Combining different Items
- Items, Rules and more Examples of a SmartHome
- Google Map
- Controlling openHAB with Android
- Usecase examples
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