feat: add transient payloads to all flows

[jonas-jonas]

Related issue(s)

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guidelines.
• I have referenced an issue containing the design document if my change
  introduces a new feature.
• I am following the
  contributing code guidelines.
• I have read the security policy.
• I confirm that this pull request does not address a security
  vulnerability. If this pull request addresses a security vulnerability, I
  confirm that I got the approval (please contact
  security@ory.sh) from the maintainers to push
  the changes.
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature
  works.
• I have added or changed the documentation.

Further Comments

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 28 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (40ed809) 78.39% compared to head (7cd0d7a) 78.37%.
Report is 1 commits behind head on master.

❗ Current head 7cd0d7a differs from pull request most recent head a3f766d. Consider uploading reports for the commit a3f766d to get more accurate results

Files	Patch %	Lines
selfservice/strategy/code/code_sender.go	60.97%	11 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️
selfservice/strategy/link/sender.go	80.95%	4 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️
selfservice/flow/settings/flow.go	0.00%	2 Missing ⚠️
selfservice/strategy/oidc/strategy_settings.go	60.00%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #3738      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   78.39%   78.37%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         347      348       +1     
  Lines       23911    23977      +66     
==========================================
+ Hits        18745    18792      +47     
- Misses       3755     3767      +12     
- Partials     1411     1418       +7     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.