From 4cca3b7c2e83cc9463464f74cef4a1a80fb6c36b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vytautas Jancauskas <unaudio@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 28 May 2012 01:13:23 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 1/9] Added andrews_curves to plotting.py

---
 pandas/tools/plotting.py | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 44 insertions(+)

diff --git a/pandas/tools/plotting.py b/pandas/tools/plotting.py
index b47688f9ca234..e66c404d1769c 100644
--- a/pandas/tools/plotting.py
+++ b/pandas/tools/plotting.py
@@ -117,6 +117,50 @@ def _gcf():
     import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
     return plt.gcf()
 
+def andrews_curves(data, class_column, samples=200):
+    """
+    Parameters:
+    data: A DataFrame containing data to be plotted, preferably
+    normalized to (0.0, 1.0).
+    class_column: Name of the column containing class names.
+    samples: Number of points to plot in each curve.
+    """
+    from math import sqrt, pi, sin, cos
+    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+    import random
+    def function(amplitudes):
+        def f(x):
+            x1 = amplitudes[0]
+            result = x1 / sqrt(2.0)
+            harmonic = 1.0
+            for x_even, x_odd in zip(amplitudes[1::2], amplitudes[2::2]):
+                result += (x_even * sin(harmonic * x) +
+                            x_odd * cos(harmonic * x))
+                harmonic += 1.0
+            return result
+        return f
+    def random_color(column):
+        random.seed(column)
+        return [random.random() for _ in range(3)]
+    n = len(data)
+    classes = set(data[class_column])
+    class_col = data[class_column]
+    columns = [data[col] for col in data.columns if (col != class_column)]
+    x = [-pi + 2.0 * pi * (t / float(samples)) for t in range(samples)]
+    used_legends = set([])
+    for i in range(n):
+        row = [columns[c][i] for c in range(len(columns))]
+        f = function(row)
+        y = [f(t) for t in x]
+        label = None
+        if class_col[i] not in used_legends:
+            label = class_col[i]
+            used_legends.add(class_col[i])
+        plt.plot(x, y, color=random_color(class_col[i]), label=label)
+    plt.xlim(xmin=-pi, xmax=pi)
+    plt.legend(loc='upper right')
+    plt.grid()
+
 def grouped_hist(data, column=None, by=None, ax=None, bins=50, log=False,
                  figsize=None, layout=None, sharex=False, sharey=False,
                  rot=90):

From 48081748c1fe7f62536e841d94012a3dc183493c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vytautas Jancauskas <unaudio@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 28 May 2012 01:41:27 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 2/9] Added tests for andrews curves

---
 pandas/tests/data/iris.data | 151 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 151 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 pandas/tests/data/iris.data

diff --git a/pandas/tests/data/iris.data b/pandas/tests/data/iris.data
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..c19b9c3688515
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pandas/tests/data/iris.data
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+SepalLength,SepalWidth,PetalLength,PetalWidth,Name
+5.1,3.5,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.9,3.0,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.7,3.2,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.6,3.1,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.6,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.4,3.9,1.7,0.4,Iris-setosa
+4.6,3.4,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.4,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.4,2.9,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
+5.4,3.7,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.8,3.4,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.8,3.0,1.4,0.1,Iris-setosa
+4.3,3.0,1.1,0.1,Iris-setosa
+5.8,4.0,1.2,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.7,4.4,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa
+5.4,3.9,1.3,0.4,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.5,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa
+5.7,3.8,1.7,0.3,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.8,1.5,0.3,Iris-setosa
+5.4,3.4,1.7,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.7,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa
+4.6,3.6,1.0,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.3,1.7,0.5,Iris-setosa
+4.8,3.4,1.9,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.0,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.4,1.6,0.4,Iris-setosa
+5.2,3.5,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.2,3.4,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.7,3.2,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.8,3.1,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.4,3.4,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa
+5.2,4.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
+5.5,4.2,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.2,1.2,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.5,3.5,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
+4.4,3.0,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.4,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.5,1.3,0.3,Iris-setosa
+4.5,2.3,1.3,0.3,Iris-setosa
+4.4,3.2,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.5,1.6,0.6,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.8,1.9,0.4,Iris-setosa
+4.8,3.0,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.8,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.6,3.2,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.3,3.7,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.3,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+7.0,3.2,4.7,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+6.4,3.2,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+6.9,3.1,4.9,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+5.5,2.3,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.5,2.8,4.6,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+5.7,2.8,4.5,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.3,3.3,4.7,1.6,Iris-versicolor
+4.9,2.4,3.3,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+6.6,2.9,4.6,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.2,2.7,3.9,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+5.0,2.0,3.5,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+5.9,3.0,4.2,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+6.0,2.2,4.0,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+6.1,2.9,4.7,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+5.6,2.9,3.6,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.7,3.1,4.4,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+5.6,3.0,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+5.8,2.7,4.1,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+6.2,2.2,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+5.6,2.5,3.9,1.1,Iris-versicolor
+5.9,3.2,4.8,1.8,Iris-versicolor
+6.1,2.8,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.3,2.5,4.9,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+6.1,2.8,4.7,1.2,Iris-versicolor
+6.4,2.9,4.3,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.6,3.0,4.4,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+6.8,2.8,4.8,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+6.7,3.0,5.0,1.7,Iris-versicolor
+6.0,2.9,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+5.7,2.6,3.5,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+5.5,2.4,3.8,1.1,Iris-versicolor
+5.5,2.4,3.7,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+5.8,2.7,3.9,1.2,Iris-versicolor
+6.0,2.7,5.1,1.6,Iris-versicolor
+5.4,3.0,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+6.0,3.4,4.5,1.6,Iris-versicolor
+6.7,3.1,4.7,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+6.3,2.3,4.4,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.6,3.0,4.1,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.5,2.5,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.5,2.6,4.4,1.2,Iris-versicolor
+6.1,3.0,4.6,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+5.8,2.6,4.0,1.2,Iris-versicolor
+5.0,2.3,3.3,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+5.6,2.7,4.2,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.7,3.0,4.2,1.2,Iris-versicolor
+5.7,2.9,4.2,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.2,2.9,4.3,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.1,2.5,3.0,1.1,Iris-versicolor
+5.7,2.8,4.1,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.3,3.3,6.0,2.5,Iris-virginica
+5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9,Iris-virginica
+7.1,3.0,5.9,2.1,Iris-virginica
+6.3,2.9,5.6,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.5,3.0,5.8,2.2,Iris-virginica
+7.6,3.0,6.6,2.1,Iris-virginica
+4.9,2.5,4.5,1.7,Iris-virginica
+7.3,2.9,6.3,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.7,2.5,5.8,1.8,Iris-virginica
+7.2,3.6,6.1,2.5,Iris-virginica
+6.5,3.2,5.1,2.0,Iris-virginica
+6.4,2.7,5.3,1.9,Iris-virginica
+6.8,3.0,5.5,2.1,Iris-virginica
+5.7,2.5,5.0,2.0,Iris-virginica
+5.8,2.8,5.1,2.4,Iris-virginica
+6.4,3.2,5.3,2.3,Iris-virginica
+6.5,3.0,5.5,1.8,Iris-virginica
+7.7,3.8,6.7,2.2,Iris-virginica
+7.7,2.6,6.9,2.3,Iris-virginica
+6.0,2.2,5.0,1.5,Iris-virginica
+6.9,3.2,5.7,2.3,Iris-virginica
+5.6,2.8,4.9,2.0,Iris-virginica
+7.7,2.8,6.7,2.0,Iris-virginica
+6.3,2.7,4.9,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.7,3.3,5.7,2.1,Iris-virginica
+7.2,3.2,6.0,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.2,2.8,4.8,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.1,3.0,4.9,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.4,2.8,5.6,2.1,Iris-virginica
+7.2,3.0,5.8,1.6,Iris-virginica
+7.4,2.8,6.1,1.9,Iris-virginica
+7.9,3.8,6.4,2.0,Iris-virginica
+6.4,2.8,5.6,2.2,Iris-virginica
+6.3,2.8,5.1,1.5,Iris-virginica
+6.1,2.6,5.6,1.4,Iris-virginica
+7.7,3.0,6.1,2.3,Iris-virginica
+6.3,3.4,5.6,2.4,Iris-virginica
+6.4,3.1,5.5,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.0,3.0,4.8,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.9,3.1,5.4,2.1,Iris-virginica
+6.7,3.1,5.6,2.4,Iris-virginica
+6.9,3.1,5.1,2.3,Iris-virginica
+5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9,Iris-virginica
+6.8,3.2,5.9,2.3,Iris-virginica
+6.7,3.3,5.7,2.5,Iris-virginica
+6.7,3.0,5.2,2.3,Iris-virginica
+6.3,2.5,5.0,1.9,Iris-virginica
+6.5,3.0,5.2,2.0,Iris-virginica
+6.2,3.4,5.4,2.3,Iris-virginica
+5.9,3.0,5.1,1.8,Iris-virginica
\ No newline at end of file

From 8ff6292256391b36ad1b2b69859ca3cf5b6204f6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vytautas Jancauskas <unaudio@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 28 May 2012 02:32:47 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 3/9] Added documentation

---
 doc/source/visualization.rst  | 25 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 pandas/tests/test_graphics.py |  7 +++++++
 pandas/tools/plotting.py      | 12 +++++++-----
 3 files changed, 38 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/source/visualization.rst b/doc/source/visualization.rst
index 6c035b816a9e9..b82d8377befee 100644
--- a/doc/source/visualization.rst
+++ b/doc/source/visualization.rst
@@ -245,4 +245,27 @@ Scatter plot matrix
    scatter_matrix(df, alpha=0.2, figsize=(8, 8), diagonal='kde')
 
    @savefig scatter_matrix_hist.png width=6in
-   scatter_matrix(df, alpha=0.2, figsize=(8, 8), diagonal='hist')
\ No newline at end of file
+   scatter_matrix(df, alpha=0.2, figsize=(8, 8), diagonal='hist')
+
+.. _visualization.andrews_curves:
+
+Andrews Curves
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Andrews curves allow one to plot multivariate data as a large number
+of curves that are created using the attributes of samples as coefficients
+for Fourier series. By coloring these curves differently for each class
+it is possible to visualize data clustering. Curves belonging to samples
+of the same class will usually be closer together and form larger structures.
+
+.. ipython:: python
+
+   from pandas import read_csv
+   from pandas.tools.plotting import andrews_curves
+
+   data = read_csv('data/iris.data')
+
+   plt.figure()
+
+   @savefig andrews_curves.png width=6in
+   andrews_curves(data, 'Name')
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pandas/tests/test_graphics.py b/pandas/tests/test_graphics.py
index e4cc578047b1e..023d3544408ed 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/test_graphics.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/test_graphics.py
@@ -224,6 +224,13 @@ def scat2(x, y, by=None, ax=None, figsize=None):
         grouper = Series(np.repeat([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 20), df.index)
         _check_plot_works(scat2, 0, 1, by=grouper)
 
+    @slow 
+    def test_andrews_curves(self):
+        from pandas import read_csv
+        from pandas.tools.plotting import andrews_curves
+        df = read_csv('data/iris.data')
+        _check_plot_works(andrews_curves, df, 'Name')
+
     @slow
     def test_plot_int_columns(self):
         df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(100, 4)).cumsum()
diff --git a/pandas/tools/plotting.py b/pandas/tools/plotting.py
index e66c404d1769c..ba998d0155419 100644
--- a/pandas/tools/plotting.py
+++ b/pandas/tools/plotting.py
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ def _gcf():
     import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
     return plt.gcf()
 
-def andrews_curves(data, class_column, samples=200):
+def andrews_curves(data, class_column, ax=None, samples=200):
     """
     Parameters:
     data: A DataFrame containing data to be plotted, preferably
@@ -148,6 +148,8 @@ def random_color(column):
     columns = [data[col] for col in data.columns if (col != class_column)]
     x = [-pi + 2.0 * pi * (t / float(samples)) for t in range(samples)]
     used_legends = set([])
+    if ax == None:
+        ax = plt.gca(xlim=(-pi, pi))
     for i in range(n):
         row = [columns[c][i] for c in range(len(columns))]
         f = function(row)
@@ -156,10 +158,10 @@ def random_color(column):
         if class_col[i] not in used_legends:
             label = class_col[i]
             used_legends.add(class_col[i])
-        plt.plot(x, y, color=random_color(class_col[i]), label=label)
-    plt.xlim(xmin=-pi, xmax=pi)
-    plt.legend(loc='upper right')
-    plt.grid()
+        ax.plot(x, y, color=random_color(class_col[i]), label=label)
+    ax.legend(loc='upper right')
+    ax.grid()
+    return ax
 
 def grouped_hist(data, column=None, by=None, ax=None, bins=50, log=False,
                  figsize=None, layout=None, sharex=False, sharey=False,

From ca642267939ecc474610264fcbcdf487c870c7af Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vytautas Jancauskas <unaudio@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 28 May 2012 09:53:39 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 4/9] Added iris data to documentation too

---
 doc/data/iris.data | 152 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 152 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 doc/data/iris.data

diff --git a/doc/data/iris.data b/doc/data/iris.data
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..2953c6b5653fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/data/iris.data
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+SepalLength,SepalWidth,PetalLength,PetalWidth,Name
+5.1,3.5,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.9,3.0,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.7,3.2,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.6,3.1,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.6,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.4,3.9,1.7,0.4,Iris-setosa
+4.6,3.4,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.4,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.4,2.9,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
+5.4,3.7,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.8,3.4,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.8,3.0,1.4,0.1,Iris-setosa
+4.3,3.0,1.1,0.1,Iris-setosa
+5.8,4.0,1.2,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.7,4.4,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa
+5.4,3.9,1.3,0.4,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.5,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa
+5.7,3.8,1.7,0.3,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.8,1.5,0.3,Iris-setosa
+5.4,3.4,1.7,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.7,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa
+4.6,3.6,1.0,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.3,1.7,0.5,Iris-setosa
+4.8,3.4,1.9,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.0,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.4,1.6,0.4,Iris-setosa
+5.2,3.5,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.2,3.4,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.7,3.2,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.8,3.1,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.4,3.4,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa
+5.2,4.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
+5.5,4.2,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.2,1.2,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.5,3.5,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
+4.4,3.0,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.4,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.5,1.3,0.3,Iris-setosa
+4.5,2.3,1.3,0.3,Iris-setosa
+4.4,3.2,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.5,1.6,0.6,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.8,1.9,0.4,Iris-setosa
+4.8,3.0,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa
+5.1,3.8,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
+4.6,3.2,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.3,3.7,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
+5.0,3.3,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
+7.0,3.2,4.7,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+6.4,3.2,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+6.9,3.1,4.9,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+5.5,2.3,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.5,2.8,4.6,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+5.7,2.8,4.5,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.3,3.3,4.7,1.6,Iris-versicolor
+4.9,2.4,3.3,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+6.6,2.9,4.6,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.2,2.7,3.9,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+5.0,2.0,3.5,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+5.9,3.0,4.2,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+6.0,2.2,4.0,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+6.1,2.9,4.7,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+5.6,2.9,3.6,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.7,3.1,4.4,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+5.6,3.0,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+5.8,2.7,4.1,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+6.2,2.2,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+5.6,2.5,3.9,1.1,Iris-versicolor
+5.9,3.2,4.8,1.8,Iris-versicolor
+6.1,2.8,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.3,2.5,4.9,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+6.1,2.8,4.7,1.2,Iris-versicolor
+6.4,2.9,4.3,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.6,3.0,4.4,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+6.8,2.8,4.8,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+6.7,3.0,5.0,1.7,Iris-versicolor
+6.0,2.9,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+5.7,2.6,3.5,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+5.5,2.4,3.8,1.1,Iris-versicolor
+5.5,2.4,3.7,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+5.8,2.7,3.9,1.2,Iris-versicolor
+6.0,2.7,5.1,1.6,Iris-versicolor
+5.4,3.0,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+6.0,3.4,4.5,1.6,Iris-versicolor
+6.7,3.1,4.7,1.5,Iris-versicolor
+6.3,2.3,4.4,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.6,3.0,4.1,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.5,2.5,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.5,2.6,4.4,1.2,Iris-versicolor
+6.1,3.0,4.6,1.4,Iris-versicolor
+5.8,2.6,4.0,1.2,Iris-versicolor
+5.0,2.3,3.3,1.0,Iris-versicolor
+5.6,2.7,4.2,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.7,3.0,4.2,1.2,Iris-versicolor
+5.7,2.9,4.2,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.2,2.9,4.3,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+5.1,2.5,3.0,1.1,Iris-versicolor
+5.7,2.8,4.1,1.3,Iris-versicolor
+6.3,3.3,6.0,2.5,Iris-virginica
+5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9,Iris-virginica
+7.1,3.0,5.9,2.1,Iris-virginica
+6.3,2.9,5.6,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.5,3.0,5.8,2.2,Iris-virginica
+7.6,3.0,6.6,2.1,Iris-virginica
+4.9,2.5,4.5,1.7,Iris-virginica
+7.3,2.9,6.3,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.7,2.5,5.8,1.8,Iris-virginica
+7.2,3.6,6.1,2.5,Iris-virginica
+6.5,3.2,5.1,2.0,Iris-virginica
+6.4,2.7,5.3,1.9,Iris-virginica
+6.8,3.0,5.5,2.1,Iris-virginica
+5.7,2.5,5.0,2.0,Iris-virginica
+5.8,2.8,5.1,2.4,Iris-virginica
+6.4,3.2,5.3,2.3,Iris-virginica
+6.5,3.0,5.5,1.8,Iris-virginica
+7.7,3.8,6.7,2.2,Iris-virginica
+7.7,2.6,6.9,2.3,Iris-virginica
+6.0,2.2,5.0,1.5,Iris-virginica
+6.9,3.2,5.7,2.3,Iris-virginica
+5.6,2.8,4.9,2.0,Iris-virginica
+7.7,2.8,6.7,2.0,Iris-virginica
+6.3,2.7,4.9,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.7,3.3,5.7,2.1,Iris-virginica
+7.2,3.2,6.0,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.2,2.8,4.8,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.1,3.0,4.9,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.4,2.8,5.6,2.1,Iris-virginica
+7.2,3.0,5.8,1.6,Iris-virginica
+7.4,2.8,6.1,1.9,Iris-virginica
+7.9,3.8,6.4,2.0,Iris-virginica
+6.4,2.8,5.6,2.2,Iris-virginica
+6.3,2.8,5.1,1.5,Iris-virginica
+6.1,2.6,5.6,1.4,Iris-virginica
+7.7,3.0,6.1,2.3,Iris-virginica
+6.3,3.4,5.6,2.4,Iris-virginica
+6.4,3.1,5.5,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.0,3.0,4.8,1.8,Iris-virginica
+6.9,3.1,5.4,2.1,Iris-virginica
+6.7,3.1,5.6,2.4,Iris-virginica
+6.9,3.1,5.1,2.3,Iris-virginica
+5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9,Iris-virginica
+6.8,3.2,5.9,2.3,Iris-virginica
+6.7,3.3,5.7,2.5,Iris-virginica
+6.7,3.0,5.2,2.3,Iris-virginica
+6.3,2.5,5.0,1.9,Iris-virginica
+6.5,3.0,5.2,2.0,Iris-virginica
+6.2,3.4,5.4,2.3,Iris-virginica
+5.9,3.0,5.1,1.8,Iris-virginica
+

From e602ab51ae927e6571ba28909e97a78f028fffbc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vytautas Jancauskas <unaudio@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 May 2012 01:32:01 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 5/9] Fixed for samples with odd number of attributes and label
 handling when they are not strings

---
 pandas/tools/plotting.py | 8 +++++---
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pandas/tools/plotting.py b/pandas/tools/plotting.py
index ba998d0155419..533525b15d1f3 100644
--- a/pandas/tools/plotting.py
+++ b/pandas/tools/plotting.py
@@ -137,6 +137,8 @@ def f(x):
                 result += (x_even * sin(harmonic * x) +
                             x_odd * cos(harmonic * x))
                 harmonic += 1.0
+            if len(amplitudes) % 2 != 0:
+                result += amplitudes[-1] * sin(harmonic * x)
             return result
         return f
     def random_color(column):
@@ -155,9 +157,9 @@ def random_color(column):
         f = function(row)
         y = [f(t) for t in x]
         label = None
-        if class_col[i] not in used_legends:
-            label = class_col[i]
-            used_legends.add(class_col[i])
+        if str(class_col[i]) not in used_legends:
+            label = str(class_col[i])
+            used_legends.add(label)
         ax.plot(x, y, color=random_color(class_col[i]), label=label)
     ax.legend(loc='upper right')
     ax.grid()

From cc46ef538d9186c661f7d8158b3134ec6d0190f1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vytautas Jancauskas <unaudio@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 9 Jun 2012 15:40:00 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 6/9] Added lag plot function

---
 pandas/tools/plotting.py | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+)

diff --git a/pandas/tools/plotting.py b/pandas/tools/plotting.py
index de987cb62e6ce..0e6ec5ce68bd7 100644
--- a/pandas/tools/plotting.py
+++ b/pandas/tools/plotting.py
@@ -177,6 +177,30 @@ def random_color(column):
     ax.grid()
     return ax
 
+def lag_plot(series, ax=None, **kwds):
+    """Lag plot for time series.
+
+    Parameters:
+    -----------
+    series: Time series
+    ax: Matplotlib axis object, optional
+    kwds: Matplotlib scatter method keyword arguments, optional
+
+    Returns:
+    --------
+    ax: Matplotlib axis object
+    """
+    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+    data = series.values
+    y1 = data[:-1]
+    y2 = data[1:]
+    if ax == None:
+        ax = plt.gca()
+    ax.set_xlabel("y(t)")
+    ax.set_ylabel("y(t + 1)")
+    ax.scatter(y1, y2, **kwds)
+    return ax
+
 def grouped_hist(data, column=None, by=None, ax=None, bins=50, log=False,
                  figsize=None, layout=None, sharex=False, sharey=False,
                  rot=90):

From 968bd2140c71bd148727b40441b00b67995905b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vytautas Jancauskas <unaudio@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 9 Jun 2012 15:57:35 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 7/9] Added lag plot test

---
 pandas/tests/test_graphics.py | 12 +++++-------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pandas/tests/test_graphics.py b/pandas/tests/test_graphics.py
index 375433218dcb3..3181ca2ff2b7e 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/test_graphics.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/test_graphics.py
@@ -63,6 +63,11 @@ def test_kde(self):
         ax = self.ts.plot(kind='kde', logy=True)
         self.assert_(ax.get_yscale() == 'log')
 
+    @slow
+    def test_lag_plot(self):
+        from pandas.tools.plotting import lag_plot
+        _check_plot_works(lag_plot, self.ts)
+
 class TestDataFramePlots(unittest.TestCase):
 
     @classmethod
@@ -240,13 +245,6 @@ def scat2(x, y, by=None, ax=None, figsize=None):
         grouper = Series(np.repeat([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 20), df.index)
         _check_plot_works(scat2, 0, 1, by=grouper)
 
-    @slow 
-    def test_andrews_curves(self):
-        from pandas import read_csv
-        from pandas.tools.plotting import andrews_curves
-        df = read_csv('data/iris.data')
-        _check_plot_works(andrews_curves, df, 'Name')
-
     @slow
     def test_andrews_curves(self):
         from pandas import read_csv

From 85f7f385ce7f4e8c3f08345c89345716cb1c5eab Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vytautas Jancauskas <unaudio@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 9 Jun 2012 16:22:33 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 8/9] Added lag plot documentation

---
 doc/source/visualization.rst | 19 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+)

diff --git a/doc/source/visualization.rst b/doc/source/visualization.rst
index b06e3bfb55db1..3c2d0c45380f1 100644
--- a/doc/source/visualization.rst
+++ b/doc/source/visualization.rst
@@ -283,3 +283,22 @@ of the same class will usually be closer together and form larger structures.
 
    @savefig andrews_curves.png width=6in
    andrews_curves(data, 'Name')
+
+Lag Plot
+~~~~~~~~
+
+Lag plots are used to check if a data set or time series is random. Random
+data should not exhibit any structure in the lag plot. Non-random structure
+implies that the underlying data are not random.
+
+.. ipython:: python
+
+   from pandas.tools.plotting import lag_plot
+
+   plt.figure()
+
+   data = Series(0.1 * np.random.random(1000) + 
+      0.9 * np.sin(np.linspace(-99 * np.pi, 99 * np.pi, num=1000)))
+
+   @savefig lag_plot.png width=6in
+   lag_plot(data)
\ No newline at end of file

From 50ac8443d22f23d0aeca64d1a34a1a0b7bf5fd61 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vytautas Jancauskas <unaudio@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 9 Jun 2012 16:24:55 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 9/9] Removed iris.data

---
 pandas/tests/data/iris.data | 151 ------------------------------------
 1 file changed, 151 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 pandas/tests/data/iris.data

diff --git a/pandas/tests/data/iris.data b/pandas/tests/data/iris.data
deleted file mode 100644
index c19b9c3688515..0000000000000
--- a/pandas/tests/data/iris.data
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,151 +0,0 @@
-SepalLength,SepalWidth,PetalLength,PetalWidth,Name
-5.1,3.5,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.9,3.0,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.7,3.2,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.6,3.1,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.0,3.6,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.4,3.9,1.7,0.4,Iris-setosa
-4.6,3.4,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa
-5.0,3.4,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.4,2.9,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
-5.4,3.7,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.8,3.4,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.8,3.0,1.4,0.1,Iris-setosa
-4.3,3.0,1.1,0.1,Iris-setosa
-5.8,4.0,1.2,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.7,4.4,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa
-5.4,3.9,1.3,0.4,Iris-setosa
-5.1,3.5,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa
-5.7,3.8,1.7,0.3,Iris-setosa
-5.1,3.8,1.5,0.3,Iris-setosa
-5.4,3.4,1.7,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.1,3.7,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa
-4.6,3.6,1.0,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.1,3.3,1.7,0.5,Iris-setosa
-4.8,3.4,1.9,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.0,3.0,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.0,3.4,1.6,0.4,Iris-setosa
-5.2,3.5,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.2,3.4,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.7,3.2,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.8,3.1,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.4,3.4,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa
-5.2,4.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
-5.5,4.2,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
-5.0,3.2,1.2,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.5,3.5,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
-4.4,3.0,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.1,3.4,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.0,3.5,1.3,0.3,Iris-setosa
-4.5,2.3,1.3,0.3,Iris-setosa
-4.4,3.2,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.0,3.5,1.6,0.6,Iris-setosa
-5.1,3.8,1.9,0.4,Iris-setosa
-4.8,3.0,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa
-5.1,3.8,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
-4.6,3.2,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.3,3.7,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
-5.0,3.3,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
-7.0,3.2,4.7,1.4,Iris-versicolor
-6.4,3.2,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
-6.9,3.1,4.9,1.5,Iris-versicolor
-5.5,2.3,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-6.5,2.8,4.6,1.5,Iris-versicolor
-5.7,2.8,4.5,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-6.3,3.3,4.7,1.6,Iris-versicolor
-4.9,2.4,3.3,1.0,Iris-versicolor
-6.6,2.9,4.6,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-5.2,2.7,3.9,1.4,Iris-versicolor
-5.0,2.0,3.5,1.0,Iris-versicolor
-5.9,3.0,4.2,1.5,Iris-versicolor
-6.0,2.2,4.0,1.0,Iris-versicolor
-6.1,2.9,4.7,1.4,Iris-versicolor
-5.6,2.9,3.6,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-6.7,3.1,4.4,1.4,Iris-versicolor
-5.6,3.0,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
-5.8,2.7,4.1,1.0,Iris-versicolor
-6.2,2.2,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
-5.6,2.5,3.9,1.1,Iris-versicolor
-5.9,3.2,4.8,1.8,Iris-versicolor
-6.1,2.8,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-6.3,2.5,4.9,1.5,Iris-versicolor
-6.1,2.8,4.7,1.2,Iris-versicolor
-6.4,2.9,4.3,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-6.6,3.0,4.4,1.4,Iris-versicolor
-6.8,2.8,4.8,1.4,Iris-versicolor
-6.7,3.0,5.0,1.7,Iris-versicolor
-6.0,2.9,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
-5.7,2.6,3.5,1.0,Iris-versicolor
-5.5,2.4,3.8,1.1,Iris-versicolor
-5.5,2.4,3.7,1.0,Iris-versicolor
-5.8,2.7,3.9,1.2,Iris-versicolor
-6.0,2.7,5.1,1.6,Iris-versicolor
-5.4,3.0,4.5,1.5,Iris-versicolor
-6.0,3.4,4.5,1.6,Iris-versicolor
-6.7,3.1,4.7,1.5,Iris-versicolor
-6.3,2.3,4.4,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-5.6,3.0,4.1,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-5.5,2.5,4.0,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-5.5,2.6,4.4,1.2,Iris-versicolor
-6.1,3.0,4.6,1.4,Iris-versicolor
-5.8,2.6,4.0,1.2,Iris-versicolor
-5.0,2.3,3.3,1.0,Iris-versicolor
-5.6,2.7,4.2,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-5.7,3.0,4.2,1.2,Iris-versicolor
-5.7,2.9,4.2,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-6.2,2.9,4.3,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-5.1,2.5,3.0,1.1,Iris-versicolor
-5.7,2.8,4.1,1.3,Iris-versicolor
-6.3,3.3,6.0,2.5,Iris-virginica
-5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9,Iris-virginica
-7.1,3.0,5.9,2.1,Iris-virginica
-6.3,2.9,5.6,1.8,Iris-virginica
-6.5,3.0,5.8,2.2,Iris-virginica
-7.6,3.0,6.6,2.1,Iris-virginica
-4.9,2.5,4.5,1.7,Iris-virginica
-7.3,2.9,6.3,1.8,Iris-virginica
-6.7,2.5,5.8,1.8,Iris-virginica
-7.2,3.6,6.1,2.5,Iris-virginica
-6.5,3.2,5.1,2.0,Iris-virginica
-6.4,2.7,5.3,1.9,Iris-virginica
-6.8,3.0,5.5,2.1,Iris-virginica
-5.7,2.5,5.0,2.0,Iris-virginica
-5.8,2.8,5.1,2.4,Iris-virginica
-6.4,3.2,5.3,2.3,Iris-virginica
-6.5,3.0,5.5,1.8,Iris-virginica
-7.7,3.8,6.7,2.2,Iris-virginica
-7.7,2.6,6.9,2.3,Iris-virginica
-6.0,2.2,5.0,1.5,Iris-virginica
-6.9,3.2,5.7,2.3,Iris-virginica
-5.6,2.8,4.9,2.0,Iris-virginica
-7.7,2.8,6.7,2.0,Iris-virginica
-6.3,2.7,4.9,1.8,Iris-virginica
-6.7,3.3,5.7,2.1,Iris-virginica
-7.2,3.2,6.0,1.8,Iris-virginica
-6.2,2.8,4.8,1.8,Iris-virginica
-6.1,3.0,4.9,1.8,Iris-virginica
-6.4,2.8,5.6,2.1,Iris-virginica
-7.2,3.0,5.8,1.6,Iris-virginica
-7.4,2.8,6.1,1.9,Iris-virginica
-7.9,3.8,6.4,2.0,Iris-virginica
-6.4,2.8,5.6,2.2,Iris-virginica
-6.3,2.8,5.1,1.5,Iris-virginica
-6.1,2.6,5.6,1.4,Iris-virginica
-7.7,3.0,6.1,2.3,Iris-virginica
-6.3,3.4,5.6,2.4,Iris-virginica
-6.4,3.1,5.5,1.8,Iris-virginica
-6.0,3.0,4.8,1.8,Iris-virginica
-6.9,3.1,5.4,2.1,Iris-virginica
-6.7,3.1,5.6,2.4,Iris-virginica
-6.9,3.1,5.1,2.3,Iris-virginica
-5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9,Iris-virginica
-6.8,3.2,5.9,2.3,Iris-virginica
-6.7,3.3,5.7,2.5,Iris-virginica
-6.7,3.0,5.2,2.3,Iris-virginica
-6.3,2.5,5.0,1.9,Iris-virginica
-6.5,3.0,5.2,2.0,Iris-virginica
-6.2,3.4,5.4,2.3,Iris-virginica
-5.9,3.0,5.1,1.8,Iris-virginica
\ No newline at end of file