Cannot extract Time from DateTime before Unix epoch

[jeroenjanssens]

Checks

• I have checked that this issue has not already been reported.
• I have confirmed this bug exists on the latest version of Polars.

Reproducible example

import polars as pl

pl.select(pl.datetime(1969, 7, 21, 2, 56, 0).dt.time()) # Man on the moon 

Log output

$ POLARS_VERBOSE=1 poetry run python -c "import polars as pl; print(pl.select(pl.datetime(1969, 7, 21, 2, 56, 0).dt.time()))"
thread '<unnamed>' panicked at /Users/runner/work/polars/polars/crates/polars-arrow/src/temporal_conversions.rs:130:29:
invalid time
note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Users/jeroen/Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs/python-polars-the-definitive-guide-b_q50VVY-py3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/polars/dataframe/frame.py", line 1570, in __str__
    return self._df.as_str()
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
pyo3_runtime.PanicException: invalid time

Issue description

Cannot extract Time component from a DateTime before Unix epoch (1970-01-01).

Expected behavior

Output should be the same as for a DateTime after Unix epoch:

shape: (1, 1)
┌──────────┐
│ datetime │
│ ---      │
│ time     │
╞══════════╡
│ 02:56:00 │
└──────────┘

Installed versions

--------Version info---------
Polars:               0.20.4
Index type:           UInt32
Platform:             macOS-12.5-arm64-arm-64bit
Python:               3.11.6 (main, Nov  2 2023, 04:39:40) [Clang 14.0.0 (clang-1400.0.29.202)]

----Optional dependencies----
adbc_driver_manager:  0.8.0
cloudpickle:          3.0.0
connectorx:           0.3.2
deltalake:            0.15.0
fsspec:               2023.12.2
gevent:               23.9.1
hvplot:               <not installed>
matplotlib:           3.8.2
numpy:                1.26.3
openpyxl:             3.1.2
pandas:               2.1.4
pyarrow:              14.0.2
pydantic:             2.5.3
pyiceberg:            0.5.1
pyxlsb:               <not installed>
sqlalchemy:           2.0.25
xlsx2csv:             0.8.2
xlsxwriter:           3.1.9

[MarcoGorelli]

thanks for the report, taking a look

[MarcoGorelli]

pl.select(pl.datetime(1969, 7, 21, 2, 56, 0).dt.time()) # Man on the moon

"they can put a man on the moon, and still they can't..." https://youtu.be/3Eo2uq5k1O0?si=ugAA7axadVBiXVDb

---

fix incoming