Installing dev testthat fails on Windows R 4.2.1 on GitHub Actions

[DavisVaughan]

I've created a very simple package to reproduce this, no functions, it just Imports testthat and adds a Remote on dev testthat to ensure it gets installed.
https://github.com/DavisVaughan/testpaktestthat

If you go to the actions page, the only one that fails is Windows with R 4.2.1
https://github.com/DavisVaughan/testpaktestthat/actions/runs/2912273989

I've included the full log of the failure in the details below, but the relevant bit seems to be:

2022-08-23T14:22:02.2941585Z OE> Error: package or namespace load failed for 'testthat' in inDL(x, as.logical(local), as.logical(now), ...):
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2942539Z OE>  unable to load shared object 'C:/Users/runneradmin/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpSykrUl/pkg-lib131c4633c7/testthat/libs/x64/testthat.dll':
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2943318Z OE>   LoadLibrary failure:  The specified procedure could not be found.

Note that I tried pak::pak("r-lib/testthat") locally on a Windows machine running R 4.2.1 with both rtools40 and rtools42 and it worked every time, so I'm not sure what is happening here

2022-08-23T14:22:02.2845614Z 
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2846115Z OE> * installing *source* package 'testthat' ...
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2846653Z OE> staged installation is only possible with locking
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2847398Z OE> ** using non-staged installation
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2847717Z OE> ** libs
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2849277Z OE> gcc  -I"C:/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I../inst/include -DCOMPILING_TESTTHAT    -I"c:/rtools42/x86_64-w64-mingw32.static.posix/include"     -O2 -Wall  -std=gnu99 -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mstackrealign  -Wall -pedantic -c init.c -o init.o
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2850983Z OE> gcc  -I"C:/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I../inst/include -DCOMPILING_TESTTHAT    -I"c:/rtools42/x86_64-w64-mingw32.static.posix/include"     -O2 -Wall  -std=gnu99 -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mstackrealign  -Wall -pedantic -c reassign.c -o reassign.o
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2853706Z OE> g++ -std=gnu++11  -I"C:/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I../inst/include -DCOMPILING_TESTTHAT    -I"c:/rtools42/x86_64-w64-mingw32.static.posix/include"     -O2 -Wall  -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mstackrealign  -Wall -pedantic -c test-catch.cpp -o test-catch.o
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2855558Z OE> g++ -std=gnu++11  -I"C:/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I../inst/include -DCOMPILING_TESTTHAT    -I"c:/rtools42/x86_64-w64-mingw32.static.posix/include"     -O2 -Wall  -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mstackrealign  -Wall -pedantic -c test-example.cpp -o test-example.o
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2858282Z OE> g++ -std=gnu++11  -I"C:/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I../inst/include -DCOMPILING_TESTTHAT    -I"c:/rtools42/x86_64-w64-mingw32.static.posix/include"     -O2 -Wall  -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mstackrealign  -Wall -pedantic -c test-runner.cpp -o test-runner.o
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2863550Z OE> In file included from ../inst/include/testthat.h:1,
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2867952Z OE>                  from test-runner.cpp:7:
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2929769Z OE> ../inst/include/testthat/testthat.h: In function 'std::ostream& Catch::cout()':
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2931405Z OE> ../inst/include/testthat/testthat.h:145:1: warning: visibility attribute not supported in this configuration; ignored [-Wattributes]
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2931950Z OE>   145 | }
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2932355Z OE>       | ^
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2933089Z OE> ../inst/include/testthat/testthat.h: In function 'std::ostream& Catch::cerr()':
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2934048Z OE> ../inst/include/testthat/testthat.h:152:1: warning: visibility attribute not supported in this configuration; ignored [-Wattributes]
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2934544Z OE>   152 | }
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2934834Z OE>       | ^
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2936078Z OE> g++ -std=gnu++11 -shared -s -static-libgcc -o testthat.dll tmp.def init.o reassign.o test-catch.o test-example.o test-runner.o -Lc:/rtools42/x86_64-w64-mingw32.static.posix/lib/x64 -Lc:/rtools42/x86_64-w64-mingw32.static.posix/lib -LC:/R/bin/x64 -lR
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2937181Z OE> installing to C:/Users/RUNNER~1/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpSykrUl/pkg-lib131c4633c7/testthat/libs/x64
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2937634Z OE> ** R
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2937943Z OE> ** inst
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2938470Z OE> ** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2938857Z OE> ** help
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2939334Z OE> *** installing help indices
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2939665Z OE> *** copying figures
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2940024Z OE> ** building package indices
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2940402Z OE> ** installing vignettes
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2940836Z OE> ** testing if installed package can be loaded
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2941585Z OE> Error: package or namespace load failed for 'testthat' in inDL(x, as.logical(local), as.logical(now), ...):
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2942539Z OE>  unable to load shared object 'C:/Users/runneradmin/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpSykrUl/pkg-lib131c4633c7/testthat/libs/x64/testthat.dll':
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2943318Z OE>   LoadLibrary failure:  The specified procedure could not be found.
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2943693Z OE> 
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2944187Z OE> Error: loading failed
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2944602Z OE> Execution halted
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2944980Z OE> ERROR: loading failed
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2945713Z OE> * removing 'C:/Users/RUNNER~1/AppData/Local/Temp/RtmpSykrUl/pkg-lib131c4633c7/testthat'
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2946049Z 
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2946210Z  Stack trace:
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2946417Z 
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2946621Z  12. (function (...)  ...
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2947226Z  13. base:::withCallingHandlers(cli_message = function(msg) { ...
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2947751Z  14. get("lockfile_install_internal", asNamespace("pak"))(...)
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2948126Z  15. plan$install()
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2948625Z  16. pkgdepends:::install_package_plan(plan, lib = private$library,  ...
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2949103Z  17. base:::withCallingHandlers({ ...
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2949550Z  18. pkgdepends:::handle_events(state, events)
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2950773Z  19. pkgdepends:::handle_event(state, i)
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2951223Z  20. pkgdepends:::stop_task(state, worker)
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2951673Z  21. pkgdepends:::stop_task_build(state, worker)
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2952225Z  22. base:::throw(new_pkg_build_error("Failed to build source package {pkg}",  ...
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2952669Z  23. base:::signalCondition(cond)
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2953063Z  24. (function (e)  ...
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2953399Z  25. base:::stop(e)
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2956252Z  26. (function (e)  ...
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2956581Z 
2022-08-23T14:22:02.2956987Z  x Failed to build source package 'testthat' 

[gaborcsardi]

This is an issue with GHA's Windows, apparently: r-lib/actions#610