From 8164542f3e1214d7cf96dae75e2053b37c2fec36 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: r12a Date: Wed, 27 Dec 2023 06:41:10 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] ban: Rework Basic Features. Add exclusions to Vowel, Consonant, & Shaping sections. Make summary tables h4. Fix picker link. Add more headings to consonant summary. Standardise summary & map table intros. --- bali/ban.html | 183 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 136 insertions(+), 47 deletions(-) diff --git a/bali/ban.html b/bali/ban.html index 407d6bf5a..ae7e70cb6 100755 --- a/bali/ban.html +++ b/bali/ban.html @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@

Contents

Updated - 16 December, 2023 + 26 December, 2023

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@

Contents
Referencing this document -

Richard Ishida, Balinese Orthography Notes, 16-Dec-2023, https://r12a.github.io/scripts/bali/ban

+

Richard Ishida, Balinese Orthography Notes, 26-Dec-2023, https://r12a.github.io/scripts/bali/ban

@@ -130,33 +130,37 @@

Basic features

The script is an abugida. See the table to the right for a brief overview of features for the Balinese language.

-

Balinese text runs left to right in horizontal lines.

+

Balinese text runs left to right in horizontal lines.

-

Words are not separated by spaces, however syllables may be separated by ZWSP, as long as they don't fall inside a stack. ❯ word

+

Words are not separated by spaces, however syllables may be separated by ZWSP, as long as they don't fall inside a stack.

-

The 18 consonant letters used for pure Balinese words are supplemented by 15 more derived from Sanskrit and Kawi words, some of which are used as honorifics, a little like capital letters. Repertoire extensions for 8 non-native sounds are achieved by applying the rerekan diacritic to characters. ❯ consonants

+

Stacked consonants and conjoined pairs span word boundaries. This means that text must be wrapped at orthographic syllable boundaries, and not at word boundaries. Hyphenation occurs, using 1B60 at the line end to indicate the break.

-

Consonant clusters are represented by stacked consonants (many subjoined consonants have alternative shapes) or conjoined pairs. Occasionally, a visible adeg adeg (virama) is used. ❯ clusters

-

Stacked consonants and conjoined pairs span word boundaries.

+

❯ consonantSummary

+

The 18 consonant letters used for pure Balinese words are supplemented by 15 more derived from Sanskrit and Kawi words, some of which are used as honorifics, a little like capital letters. Repertoire extensions for 8 non-native sounds are achieved by applying the rerekan diacritic to characters.

-

Syllable-initial clusters use 3 subjoined versions of ordinary consonants or vocalics -for the second consonant. ❯ onsets

+

Consonant clusters are represented by stacked consonants (many subjoined consonants have alternative shapes) or conjoined pairs. Occasionally, a visible adeg adeg (virama) is used.

-

Word-final consonant sounds may be represented by 3 final-consonant diacritics. Otherwise, if nothing follows, they are ordinary consonants followed by a visible -  ᭄ [U+1B44 BALINESE ADEG ADEG]. ❯ finals

+

Syllable-initial clusters use 3 subjoined versions of ordinary consonants or vocalics +for the second consonant.

-

The Balinese orthography is an abugida with one inherent vowel, generally pronounced a, but ə when word-final or in some affixes. ❯ vowels

+

Word-final consonant sounds may be represented by 3 final-consonant diacritics. Otherwise, if nothing follows, they are ordinary consonants followed by a visible   ᭄ [U+1B44 BALINESE ADEG ADEG].

-

Other post-consonant vowels are written using 11 combining marks (vowel signs). There are 2 pre-base glyphs and 6 circumgraphs. ❯ prebase ❯ circumgraphs

+

❯ basicV

+

The Balinese orthography is an abugida with one inherent vowel, generally pronounced a, but ə when word-final or in some affixes.

-

In principle, Balinese has no multipart vowels, however the 6 circumgraphs can also be decomposed into 2 parts. Those can involve up to 2 glyphs, and glyphs can surround the base consonant(s) on up to 3 sides. ❯ compositeV

+

Other post-consonant vowels are written using 11 combining marks (vowel signs). There are 2 pre-base glyphs and 6 circumgraphs.

-

Independent vowels are used at the beginning of a word for standalone vowel sounds. Inside a word these are written using vowel signs applied to ᬳ [U+1B33 BALINESE LETTER HA]. ❯ standalone

+

In principle, Balinese has no multipart vowels, however the 6 circumgraphs can also be decomposed into 2 parts. Those can involve up to 2 glyphs, and glyphs can surround the base consonant(s) on up to 3 sides.

-

The inherent vowel is suppressed using ᭄, which is invisible in consonant clusters, but is visible elsewhere, and is used word-finally. ❯ novowel

+

Independent vowels are used at the beginning of a word for standalone vowel sounds. Inside a word these are written using vowel signs applied to ᬳ [U+1B33 BALINESE LETTER HA].

-

Balinese has vocalics, and their use is required for certain consonant-vowel combinations. ❯ vocalics

+

The inherent vowel is suppressed using ᭄, which is invisible in consonant clusters, but is visible elsewhere, and is used word-finally.

+ +

Balinese has vocalics, and their use is required for certain consonant-vowel combinations.

+ +

Balinese has a set of native digits, and uses native punctuation marks.

@@ -626,29 +630,67 @@

Consonant sounds

+ + + + + + + +

+ +

+ + + + + + +

Vowels

+
+

The Balinese orthography has no special features with respect to the following.

+ +
    +
  • Consonants used to create vowel sounds.
    • + +
  • Nasalisation (not a feature of the language).
    • + +
  • Tones (not a tonal language).
    • +
+
+ + +
-
+ + + +
-

Vowel summary

+

Vowel summary table

+ + +

The following table summarises the main vowel to character assigments.

+ +

ⓘ represents the inherent vowel. Multipart forms are not shown here because all vowels and diphthongs are normally represented using one of the atomic characters listed here. Standalone vowels are shown in the right-hand column.

-

Multipart forms are not shown here because all vowels and diphthongs are normally represented using one of the atomic characters listed here. Standalone vowels are shown in the right-hand column.

@@ -666,7 +708,7 @@

Vowel summary

- + @@ -1328,6 +1370,10 @@

Vocalics

+

+ +

+ @@ -1336,50 +1382,73 @@

Vocalics

Consonants

+
+

The Balinese orthography has no special features with respect to the following.

+ +
    +
  • Gemination or consonant lengthening.
    • +
+
+ + +
+ + + +
-

Consonant summary

+

Consonant summary table

+ +

The following table summarises the main consonant to character assigments.

+ +

Consonants used for native Balinese words are shown in the left-hand column. On the right are consonants used for words from Kawi, Sanskrit, and other languages.

+ + -

Consonants used for native Balinese words are shown in the left-hand column. On the right are consonants used for words from Kawi, Sanskrit, and other languages.

ᬳᭂ␣ᬳᭃ
ᬵ
ⓘ␣ᬵ
ᬅ␣ᬆ␣ᬳᬵ
- + + + + + - + - + @@ -1683,19 +1752,6 @@

Dedicated final marks

- -
-

Consonant length

- -

tbd

- -
- - - - - -
Initials:Stops
ᬧ␣ᬩ␣ᬢ␣ᬤ␣ᬓ␣ᬕ
ᬨ␣ᬪ␣ᬞ␣ᬝ␣ᬣ␣ᬟ␣ᬠ␣ᬥ␣ᬔ␣ᬖ␣ ␣ᬤ᬴␣ᬗ᬴
Affricates
ᬘ␣ᬚ
᭄ᬙ␣ᬛ
Fricatives
ᬲ␣ᬳ
ᬰ␣ᬱ␣ ␣ᬧ᬴␣ᬯ᬴␣ᬚ᬴␣ᬓ᬴␣ᬕ᬴␣ᬳ᬴
Nasals
ᬫ␣ᬦ␣ᬗ␣ᬜ
ᬡ
Other
ᬯ␣ᬭ␣ᬮ␣ᬬ
  
Medials:Medials
᭄ᬯ␣᭄ᬭ␣ᬺ␣᭄ᬮ␣᭄ᬬ
Finals:Finals
ᬂ␣ᬃ␣ᬄ