diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h
index 841835a387e17..b4984bbbe1571 100644
--- a/include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h
+++ b/include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h
@@ -469,9 +469,7 @@ struct nft_set_binding {
 int nf_tables_bind_set(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set,
 		       struct nft_set_binding *binding);
 void nf_tables_unbind_set(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set,
-			  struct nft_set_binding *binding);
-void nf_tables_rebind_set(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set,
-			  struct nft_set_binding *binding);
+			  struct nft_set_binding *binding, bool commit);
 void nf_tables_destroy_set(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set);
 
 /**
@@ -721,6 +719,13 @@ struct nft_expr_type {
 #define NFT_EXPR_STATEFUL		0x1
 #define NFT_EXPR_GC			0x2
 
+enum nft_trans_phase {
+	NFT_TRANS_PREPARE,
+	NFT_TRANS_ABORT,
+	NFT_TRANS_COMMIT,
+	NFT_TRANS_RELEASE
+};
+
 /**
  *	struct nft_expr_ops - nf_tables expression operations
  *
@@ -750,7 +755,8 @@ struct nft_expr_ops {
 	void				(*activate)(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 						    const struct nft_expr *expr);
 	void				(*deactivate)(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
-						      const struct nft_expr *expr);
+						      const struct nft_expr *expr,
+						      enum nft_trans_phase phase);
 	void				(*destroy)(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 						   const struct nft_expr *expr);
 	void				(*destroy_clone)(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
@@ -1323,12 +1329,15 @@ struct nft_trans_rule {
 struct nft_trans_set {
 	struct nft_set			*set;
 	u32				set_id;
+	bool				bound;
 };
 
 #define nft_trans_set(trans)	\
 	(((struct nft_trans_set *)trans->data)->set)
 #define nft_trans_set_id(trans)	\
 	(((struct nft_trans_set *)trans->data)->set_id)
+#define nft_trans_set_bound(trans)	\
+	(((struct nft_trans_set *)trans->data)->bound)
 
 struct nft_trans_chain {
 	bool				update;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c b/net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c
index fb07f6cfc7191..5a92f23f179fe 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c
@@ -116,6 +116,23 @@ static void nft_trans_destroy(struct nft_trans *trans)
 	kfree(trans);
 }
 
+static void nft_set_trans_bind(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set)
+{
+	struct net *net = ctx->net;
+	struct nft_trans *trans;
+
+	if (!nft_set_is_anonymous(set))
+		return;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_reverse(trans, &net->nft.commit_list, list) {
+		if (trans->msg_type == NFT_MSG_NEWSET &&
+		    nft_trans_set(trans) == set) {
+			nft_trans_set_bound(trans) = true;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 static int nf_tables_register_hook(struct net *net,
 				   const struct nft_table *table,
 				   struct nft_chain *chain)
@@ -211,18 +228,6 @@ static int nft_delchain(struct nft_ctx *ctx)
 	return err;
 }
 
-/* either expr ops provide both activate/deactivate, or neither */
-static bool nft_expr_check_ops(const struct nft_expr_ops *ops)
-{
-	if (!ops)
-		return true;
-
-	if (WARN_ON_ONCE((!ops->activate ^ !ops->deactivate)))
-		return false;
-
-	return true;
-}
-
 static void nft_rule_expr_activate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 				   struct nft_rule *rule)
 {
@@ -238,14 +243,15 @@ static void nft_rule_expr_activate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 }
 
 static void nft_rule_expr_deactivate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
-				     struct nft_rule *rule)
+				     struct nft_rule *rule,
+				     enum nft_trans_phase phase)
 {
 	struct nft_expr *expr;
 
 	expr = nft_expr_first(rule);
 	while (expr != nft_expr_last(rule) && expr->ops) {
 		if (expr->ops->deactivate)
-			expr->ops->deactivate(ctx, expr);
+			expr->ops->deactivate(ctx, expr, phase);
 
 		expr = nft_expr_next(expr);
 	}
@@ -296,7 +302,7 @@ static int nft_delrule(struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_rule *rule)
 		nft_trans_destroy(trans);
 		return err;
 	}
-	nft_rule_expr_deactivate(ctx, rule);
+	nft_rule_expr_deactivate(ctx, rule, NFT_TRANS_PREPARE);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1929,9 +1935,6 @@ static int nf_tables_delchain(struct net *net, struct sock *nlsk,
  */
 int nft_register_expr(struct nft_expr_type *type)
 {
-	if (!nft_expr_check_ops(type->ops))
-		return -EINVAL;
-
 	nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_NFTABLES);
 	if (type->family == NFPROTO_UNSPEC)
 		list_add_tail_rcu(&type->list, &nf_tables_expressions);
@@ -2079,10 +2082,6 @@ static int nf_tables_expr_parse(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 			err = PTR_ERR(ops);
 			goto err1;
 		}
-		if (!nft_expr_check_ops(ops)) {
-			err = -EINVAL;
-			goto err1;
-		}
 	} else
 		ops = type->ops;
 
@@ -2511,7 +2510,7 @@ static void nf_tables_rule_destroy(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 static void nf_tables_rule_release(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 				   struct nft_rule *rule)
 {
-	nft_rule_expr_deactivate(ctx, rule);
+	nft_rule_expr_deactivate(ctx, rule, NFT_TRANS_RELEASE);
 	nf_tables_rule_destroy(ctx, rule);
 }
 
@@ -3708,39 +3707,30 @@ int nf_tables_bind_set(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set,
 bind:
 	binding->chain = ctx->chain;
 	list_add_tail_rcu(&binding->list, &set->bindings);
+	nft_set_trans_bind(ctx, set);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_tables_bind_set);
 
-void nf_tables_rebind_set(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set,
-			  struct nft_set_binding *binding)
-{
-	if (list_empty(&set->bindings) && nft_set_is_anonymous(set) &&
-	    nft_is_active(ctx->net, set))
-		list_add_tail_rcu(&set->list, &ctx->table->sets);
-
-	list_add_tail_rcu(&binding->list, &set->bindings);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_tables_rebind_set);
-
 void nf_tables_unbind_set(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set,
-		          struct nft_set_binding *binding)
+			  struct nft_set_binding *binding, bool event)
 {
 	list_del_rcu(&binding->list);
 
-	if (list_empty(&set->bindings) && nft_set_is_anonymous(set) &&
-	    nft_is_active(ctx->net, set))
+	if (list_empty(&set->bindings) && nft_set_is_anonymous(set)) {
 		list_del_rcu(&set->list);
+		if (event)
+			nf_tables_set_notify(ctx, set, NFT_MSG_DELSET,
+					     GFP_KERNEL);
+	}
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_tables_unbind_set);
 
 void nf_tables_destroy_set(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set)
 {
-	if (list_empty(&set->bindings) && nft_set_is_anonymous(set) &&
-	    nft_is_active(ctx->net, set)) {
-		nf_tables_set_notify(ctx, set, NFT_MSG_DELSET, GFP_ATOMIC);
+	if (list_empty(&set->bindings) && nft_set_is_anonymous(set))
 		nft_set_destroy(set);
-	}
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_tables_destroy_set);
 
@@ -6535,6 +6525,9 @@ static int nf_tables_commit(struct net *net, struct sk_buff *skb)
 			nf_tables_rule_notify(&trans->ctx,
 					      nft_trans_rule(trans),
 					      NFT_MSG_DELRULE);
+			nft_rule_expr_deactivate(&trans->ctx,
+						 nft_trans_rule(trans),
+						 NFT_TRANS_COMMIT);
 			break;
 		case NFT_MSG_NEWSET:
 			nft_clear(net, nft_trans_set(trans));
@@ -6621,7 +6614,8 @@ static void nf_tables_abort_release(struct nft_trans *trans)
 		nf_tables_rule_destroy(&trans->ctx, nft_trans_rule(trans));
 		break;
 	case NFT_MSG_NEWSET:
-		nft_set_destroy(nft_trans_set(trans));
+		if (!nft_trans_set_bound(trans))
+			nft_set_destroy(nft_trans_set(trans));
 		break;
 	case NFT_MSG_NEWSETELEM:
 		nft_set_elem_destroy(nft_trans_elem_set(trans),
@@ -6682,7 +6676,9 @@ static int __nf_tables_abort(struct net *net)
 		case NFT_MSG_NEWRULE:
 			trans->ctx.chain->use--;
 			list_del_rcu(&nft_trans_rule(trans)->list);
-			nft_rule_expr_deactivate(&trans->ctx, nft_trans_rule(trans));
+			nft_rule_expr_deactivate(&trans->ctx,
+						 nft_trans_rule(trans),
+						 NFT_TRANS_ABORT);
 			break;
 		case NFT_MSG_DELRULE:
 			trans->ctx.chain->use++;
@@ -6692,7 +6688,8 @@ static int __nf_tables_abort(struct net *net)
 			break;
 		case NFT_MSG_NEWSET:
 			trans->ctx.table->use--;
-			list_del_rcu(&nft_trans_set(trans)->list);
+			if (!nft_trans_set_bound(trans))
+				list_del_rcu(&nft_trans_set(trans)->list);
 			break;
 		case NFT_MSG_DELSET:
 			trans->ctx.table->use++;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nft_compat.c b/net/netfilter/nft_compat.c
index 5eb269428832c..0732a2fc697ce 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nft_compat.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nft_compat.c
@@ -587,10 +587,14 @@ static void nft_compat_activate_tg(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 }
 
 static void nft_compat_deactivate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
-				  const struct nft_expr *expr)
+				  const struct nft_expr *expr,
+				  enum nft_trans_phase phase)
 {
 	struct nft_xt *xt = container_of(expr->ops, struct nft_xt, ops);
 
+	if (phase == NFT_TRANS_COMMIT)
+		return;
+
 	if (--xt->listcnt == 0)
 		list_del_init(&xt->head);
 }
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nft_dynset.c b/net/netfilter/nft_dynset.c
index 07d4efd3d8518..f1172f99752bd 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nft_dynset.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nft_dynset.c
@@ -235,20 +235,17 @@ static int nft_dynset_init(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 	return err;
 }
 
-static void nft_dynset_activate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
-				const struct nft_expr *expr)
-{
-	struct nft_dynset *priv = nft_expr_priv(expr);
-
-	nf_tables_rebind_set(ctx, priv->set, &priv->binding);
-}
-
 static void nft_dynset_deactivate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
-				  const struct nft_expr *expr)
+				  const struct nft_expr *expr,
+				  enum nft_trans_phase phase)
 {
 	struct nft_dynset *priv = nft_expr_priv(expr);
 
-	nf_tables_unbind_set(ctx, priv->set, &priv->binding);
+	if (phase == NFT_TRANS_PREPARE)
+		return;
+
+	nf_tables_unbind_set(ctx, priv->set, &priv->binding,
+			     phase == NFT_TRANS_COMMIT);
 }
 
 static void nft_dynset_destroy(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
@@ -296,7 +293,6 @@ static const struct nft_expr_ops nft_dynset_ops = {
 	.eval		= nft_dynset_eval,
 	.init		= nft_dynset_init,
 	.destroy	= nft_dynset_destroy,
-	.activate	= nft_dynset_activate,
 	.deactivate	= nft_dynset_deactivate,
 	.dump		= nft_dynset_dump,
 };
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nft_immediate.c b/net/netfilter/nft_immediate.c
index 0777a93211e2b..3f6d1d2a62818 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nft_immediate.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nft_immediate.c
@@ -72,10 +72,14 @@ static void nft_immediate_activate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 }
 
 static void nft_immediate_deactivate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
-				     const struct nft_expr *expr)
+				     const struct nft_expr *expr,
+				     enum nft_trans_phase phase)
 {
 	const struct nft_immediate_expr *priv = nft_expr_priv(expr);
 
+	if (phase == NFT_TRANS_COMMIT)
+		return;
+
 	return nft_data_release(&priv->data, nft_dreg_to_type(priv->dreg));
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nft_lookup.c b/net/netfilter/nft_lookup.c
index 227b2b15a19cb..14496da5141d3 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nft_lookup.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nft_lookup.c
@@ -121,20 +121,17 @@ static int nft_lookup_init(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void nft_lookup_activate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
-				const struct nft_expr *expr)
-{
-	struct nft_lookup *priv = nft_expr_priv(expr);
-
-	nf_tables_rebind_set(ctx, priv->set, &priv->binding);
-}
-
 static void nft_lookup_deactivate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
-				  const struct nft_expr *expr)
+				  const struct nft_expr *expr,
+				  enum nft_trans_phase phase)
 {
 	struct nft_lookup *priv = nft_expr_priv(expr);
 
-	nf_tables_unbind_set(ctx, priv->set, &priv->binding);
+	if (phase == NFT_TRANS_PREPARE)
+		return;
+
+	nf_tables_unbind_set(ctx, priv->set, &priv->binding,
+			     phase == NFT_TRANS_COMMIT);
 }
 
 static void nft_lookup_destroy(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
@@ -225,7 +222,6 @@ static const struct nft_expr_ops nft_lookup_ops = {
 	.size		= NFT_EXPR_SIZE(sizeof(struct nft_lookup)),
 	.eval		= nft_lookup_eval,
 	.init		= nft_lookup_init,
-	.activate	= nft_lookup_activate,
 	.deactivate	= nft_lookup_deactivate,
 	.destroy	= nft_lookup_destroy,
 	.dump		= nft_lookup_dump,
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nft_objref.c b/net/netfilter/nft_objref.c
index a3185ca2a3a98..ae178e9144861 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nft_objref.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nft_objref.c
@@ -155,20 +155,17 @@ static int nft_objref_map_dump(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nft_expr *expr)
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static void nft_objref_map_activate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
-				    const struct nft_expr *expr)
-{
-	struct nft_objref_map *priv = nft_expr_priv(expr);
-
-	nf_tables_rebind_set(ctx, priv->set, &priv->binding);
-}
-
 static void nft_objref_map_deactivate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
-				      const struct nft_expr *expr)
+				      const struct nft_expr *expr,
+				      enum nft_trans_phase phase)
 {
 	struct nft_objref_map *priv = nft_expr_priv(expr);
 
-	nf_tables_unbind_set(ctx, priv->set, &priv->binding);
+	if (phase == NFT_TRANS_PREPARE)
+		return;
+
+	nf_tables_unbind_set(ctx, priv->set, &priv->binding,
+			     phase == NFT_TRANS_COMMIT);
 }
 
 static void nft_objref_map_destroy(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
@@ -185,7 +182,6 @@ static const struct nft_expr_ops nft_objref_map_ops = {
 	.size		= NFT_EXPR_SIZE(sizeof(struct nft_objref_map)),
 	.eval		= nft_objref_map_eval,
 	.init		= nft_objref_map_init,
-	.activate	= nft_objref_map_activate,
 	.deactivate	= nft_objref_map_deactivate,
 	.destroy	= nft_objref_map_destroy,
 	.dump		= nft_objref_map_dump,