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index.html
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<!doctype html>
<!--suppress ALL -->
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>TypeScript und Angular</title>
<meta name="description" content="A framework for easily creating beautiful presentations using HTML">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"/>
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent"/>
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no, minimal-ui">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/reveal.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/theme/solarized.css" id="theme">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="lib/css/zenburn.css">
<style>
section {
text-align: left;
}
.vspace {
height: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides">
<!-- Titel -->
<section>
<h2>
AngularJS & TypeScript
</h2>
<div class="vspace"></div>
<h6>Roman Roelofsen</h6>
<p>
<small>
Twitter & GitHub: <a href="https://twitter.com/romanroe">romanroe</a>
</small>
</p>
</section>
<!-- Über mich -->
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
## Über mich
- Alpha Geek (aka Geschäftsführer)
- w11k GmbH
- theCodeCampus
- IT Beratung / Individualsoftware
- Fokus auf Web Engineering
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<!-- Thin Client -->
<section>
<h3>Thin Web (klassische) Clients</h3>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Jede UI Aktion wird vom Server behandelt</li>
<li>Server liefert Daten und Darstellung</li>
<li>UIs werden i.d.R. mit jQuery & Co. "gepimped"</li>
</ul>
<div class="vspace"></div>
<ul>
<li>Typisch für:</li>
<ul>
<li>Servlets-basierte Web Frameworks</li>
<li>PHP</li>
<li>...</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Vorteile</h4>
<ul>
<li>Code ist zentralisiert</li>
<li>Code ist nicht öffentlich</li>
<li>Es werden nur die Daten übertragen, die für eine Ansicht notwendig sind</li>
<li>Vereinfacht Sicherheitsanforderungen</li>
<li>Vereinfacht Datenbankoperationen</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Nachteile</h4>
<ul>
<li>Komplett überholtes Bedienkonzept</li>
<li>Schlechte UX == unzufriedene Benutzer</li>
<li>"Komplexere" UIs sind aufwendig</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<!-- Rich Client -->
<section>
<h3>Rich Web Clients</h3>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Die gesamte UI Logik läuft im Browser</li>
<li>Optional: Geschäftslogik im Client</li>
<li>Server liefert nur Daten (REST o.ä.), keine Darstellung</li>
</ul>
<div class="vspace"></div>
<ul>
<li>Frameworks</li>
<ul>
<li>AngularJS</li>
<li>Ember.js</li>
<li>Facebook React</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Vorteile</h4>
<ul>
<li>Moderne User Experience</li>
<li>Komplexe Bedienkonzepte werden möglich</li>
<li>Server kann zustandlos werden</li>
<li>Strenge, erzwungene Trennung der Architektur:</li>
<ul>
<li>Server liefert Daten</li>
<li>Client stellt Daten dar</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Nachteile</h4>
<ul>
<li>Breiteres Wissen beim Programmierer notwendig</li>
<li>Geschäftslogik im Client eventuell ungewünscht</li>
<li>Erhöhte Angreifbarkeit</li>
<li>Erfordert mehr Resourcen im Client (RAM & CPU)</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<!-- Angular -->
<section>
<h3>AngularJS</h3>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Web Framework für Rich Client Apps</li>
<li>Entwickelt von Google</li>
<li>Riesiges Ökosystem</li>
<li>"HTML enhanced for web apps!"</li>
<li>Deklaratives Layout + JavaScript Code</li>
</ul>
<div class="vspace"></div>
<ul>
<li>
Was Angular <b>nicht</b> ist:
<ul>
<li>Imperative API zur UI Erstellung (à la Swing)</li>
<li>HTML/XML Abstraktion zur UI Generierung (à la Flex)</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Demo: 001_angular</h4>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Module
- Top Level Element
```
var mod = angular.module("myApp", ["dependencyA", "dependencyB"]);
```
- Einstiegspunkt in die API
```
mod.controller("MyController", MyController);
function MyController() {
...
}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Controller
- Model-View-Controller
- Verbindung zwischen View und Daten
- Logik/Code für View
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Controller erstellen
- Best practice: Konstruktor-Funktion
```
function MyController() {
this.name = "Max";
this.sayHello = function () {
alert("Hello " + this.name + "!");
};
}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Controller verwenden
```html
<body ng-controller="MyController as myController">
<div>
Namen eingeben:
<input type="text" ng-model="myController.name">
</div>
<div>
Ihr Name: <span>{{myController.name}}</span>
</div>
<button ng-click="myController.sayHello()">Hallo!</button>
</body>
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section>
<h4>Demo: 002_controller</h4>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Services
- Probleme von Controllern
- Controller werden sehr schnell zu groß
- Schlechte Wartbarkeit, unübersichtlich
- Kein State
- Daher Services
- Globale Registry
- Singletons
- Verbindung: Dependency Injection
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Service erstellen
- Variante 1: Konstruktor-Funktion
```
function MyService() {
this.sayHello = function(name) {
alert("Hello " + name + "!");
}
}
mod.service("MyService", MyService);
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Service erstellen
- Variante 2: Factory
```
function MyService() {
var service = {};
service.sayHello = function(name) {
alert("Hello " + name + "!");
};
return service;
}
mod.factory("MyService", MyService);
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Service verwenden
- Dependency Injection...
```
mod.service("MyService", MyService);
mod.factory("MyService", MyService);
```
- ... im Controller
```
function MyController(MyService) {
this.name = "Max";
this.sayHello = function () {
MyService.sayHello(this.name);
};
}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section>
<h4>Demo: 003_service</h4>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Probleme mit Services und Controllern
- Mehrere Controller auf einer Seite lassen sich schwer verbinden
- Datenaustausch zwischen Controller-Hierarchien nur über Events
- Services sind immer Singletons
- Wiederverwendbarkeit ist zwar möglich, aber nicht "bequem"
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Direktiven
- Wiederverwendbare UI Komponenten
- "HTML enhanced for web apps!"
- Kapselung von Code und UI
- Definierte Datenschnittstellen
- statt loser Events
- Guter Schnittpunkt für Teams
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Direktive Beispiele
```html
<input type="text" ng-model="MODEL">
<button ng-click="FUNCTION()">Hallo!</button>
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Direktive Beispiele
- HTML
```html
<person data="myController.personObj"/>
```
- Controller
```javascript
this.personObj = {firstname: "Max", lastname: "Mustermann"}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Direktive erstellen
```
function PersonDirective() {
return {
restrict: "E",
scope: {
data: "="
},
controller: function ($scope) {
$scope.sayHello = function (person) {
alert("Hello " + person.firstname + "!");
}
},
template: "Hallo {{data.firstname}} {{data.lastname}}!" +
"<button ng-click='sayHello(data)'>Hello</button>"
}
}
mod.directive("person", PersonDirective);
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section>
<h4>Demo: 004_directive</h4>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Probleme
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Probleme
- Module bieten keine Kapselung
```
angular.module("mod1").service("MyUtils", MyUtils);
angular.module("mod2").service("MyUtils", MyUtils);
angular.module("mod2").controller("MyController", MyController);
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Probleme
- Keine Struktur
```
function MyController() {
this.help = function () {
...
};
this.name = "Max";
var privateList = [];
this.sayHello = function () {
...
};
this.unused = "";
}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Probleme
- Dicts
```html
return {
restrict: ...,
scope: ...,
controller: ...,
template: ...,
priority: ...,
templateUrl: ...,
templateNamespace: ...,
bindToController: ...,
require: ...,
compile: ...,
link: ...
}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
</section>
<section>
<h3>TypeScript</h3>
<section></section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
- Entwickelt von Microsoft
- Apache License
- http://www.typescriptlang.org
- https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript
- Compiler: TypeScript -> JavaScript
- Transpiler?
- Keine API!
- Keine Runtime!
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Hello TypeScript! JavaScript?
```
function hello(name) {
alert("Hello " + name + "!");
}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Hello TypeScript!
```
function hello(name: any) {
alert("Hello " + name + "!");
}
```
```
function hello(name: string) {
alert("Hello " + name + "!");
}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Basic Types
```typescript
var isDone: boolean = false;
var height: number = 6;
var name: string = "bob";
var list:number[] = [1, 2, 3];
enum Color {Red, Green, Blue}
var c: Color = Color.Green;
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Type Inferencing
```typescript
var b1: boolean = false;
var b2 = true;
b2 = b1;
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown data-separator="^\n---\n$"
data-separator-vertical="^\n--\n$"
data-element-attributes="{_\s*?([^}]+?)}">
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Typisierung
```
var person = {
firstname: "Max",
lastname: "Mustermann"
};
```
<!-- {_class="fragment "} -->
```
interface Person {
firstname: string;
lastname: string;
}
```
<!-- {_class="fragment "} -->
```
var person: Person = {
firstname: "Max",
lastname: "Mustermann"
};
```
<!-- {_class="fragment "} -->
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Typisierung
```
var person: Person = {
firstname: "Max",
lastname: "Mustermann"
};
function hello(person: Person) {
alert("Hello " + person.firstname + "!");
}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Compiler Fehler!
```
interface Person {
firstname: string;
lastname: string;
}
var person: Person = {
firstname: "Max",
lastnme: "Mustermann" // TYPO
};
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section>
<h4>Demo: 100</h4>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Klassen - structural type system
```
class Person {
firstname: string;
lastname: string;
}
var person: Person = {
firstname: "Max",
lastname: "Mustermann"
};
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Klassen - structural type system
- Fehler!
```
class Person {
firstname: string;
lastname: string;
sayHello() {
alert(this.firstname);
}
}
var person: Person = {
firstname: "Max",
lastname: "Mustermann"
};
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section>
<h4>Demo: 101</h4>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Klassen - structural type system
```
class Person {
firstname: string;
lastname: string;
constructor(firstname: string, lastname: string) {
this.firstname = firstname;
this.lastname = lastname;
}
sayHello() {
alert(this.firstname);
}
}
var person: Person = new Person("Max", "Mustermann");
person.sayHello();
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Klassen - structural type system
- Besser:
```typescript
class Person {
constructor(public firstname: string, public lastname: string) {
}
sayHello() {
alert(this.firstname);
}
}
var person: Person = new Person("Max", "Mustermann");
person.sayHello();
```
http://www.typescriptlang.org/Playground
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Integration mit JavaScript
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Integration mit JavaScript - Optional
```typescript
interface Person {
name: string;
age?: number;
}
```
- Gültig:
```typescript
var p1: Person = { name: "Max", age: 40 };
var p1: Person = { name: "Max" };
```
- Ungültig:
```typescript
var p1: Person = { name: "Max", age: "40" };
var p1: Person = { name: "Max", city: "Bonn" };
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Integration mit JavaScript - Syntax
```javascript
// Array
var list = [1, 2, 3];
list.aProperty = "foo";
var i = list[1];
// Function
var myFunction = function () {
};
myFunction.aProperty = "bar";
var y = myFunction();
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Integration mit JavaScript - Arrays
```typescript
interface StringList {
[index: number]: string;
aProperty: number;
}
```
```typescript
function myFunction(list: StringList) {
var str = list[2];
list.aProperty = "foo";
}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Integration mit JavaScript - Function Types
```typescript
interface Alerter {
(message: string): void;
aProperty: number;
}
```
```typescript
function myFunction(alerter: Alerter) {
alerter("my message");
alerter.aProperty = "bar";
}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Integration mit JavaScript - Union Types
```typescript
interface Options {
args: string|string[];
}
```
- Gültig:
```typescript
var o1: Options = { args: "a" };
var o2: Options = { args: ["a", "b", "c"] };
```
- Ungültig:
```typescript
var o3: Options = {
args: 1
};
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Integration mit JavaScript - Union Types / Type Guards
```typescript
function useFirstArg(o: Options) {
var a = o.args;
if(typeof a === 'string') {
return a.substring(5);
} else {
return a[0].substring(5);
}
}
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Module
- CommonJS
- AMD (require.js)
- EcmaScript 6 Module
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Module
- Datei "utils.ts"
```typescript
var counter = 0;
export class Utils {
static message(message: string) {
alert((counter++) + " " + message);
}
}
```
- Datei "service.ts"
```typescript
import {Utils} from "./utils";
Utils.message("test");
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
</section>
<section>
<h3>AngularJS und TypeScript kombinieren</h3>
<section></section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Klassen für Controller
```typescript
class TsController {
private counter = 0;
name: string;
constructor() {
this.name = "Max";
}
sayHello() {
alert((this.counter++) + " Hello from TS!");
}
}
mod.controller("TsController", TsController);
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<!--@formatter:off-->
<script type="text/template">
#### Klassen für Services
```typescript
class TsService {
private counter = 0;
sayHello() {
alert((this.counter++) + " Hello from TsService!");
}
}
mod.service("tsService", TsService);
```
</script>
<!--@formatter:on-->
</section>