Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design that follows the model–template–views architectural pattern (MVT).
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| django-admin startproject project-name | To create a new project |
| django-admin startapp app-name | To create a new app |
| python manage.py makemigrations | To update changes to models |
| python manage.py migrate | To store migrations |
| python manage.py runserver [addrport] | To run server |
| python manage.py shell | To invoke the Python shell |
| python manage.py createsuperuser | To create a superuser |
| python manage.py test | To run tests |
| python manage.py flush | To removes all data from the database and re-executes any post-synchronization handlers |
| python manage.py collectstatic | To collect staticfiles into a separate folder |
| python manage.py changepassword | To change username's password |
| python manage.py help | To list all the custom or existing command of all installed apps |
| python manage.py dbshell | To run SQL queries |
| python manage.py sendtestemail [email [email ...]] | To send a test email (to confirm email sending through Django is working) to the recipient(s) specified |
| python manage.py inspectdb [table [table ...]] | To introspect the database tables in the database pointed-to by the NAME setting and outputs a Django model module (a models.py file) to standard output |
| python manage.py createcachetable | To Creates the cache tables for use with the database cache backend using the information from your settings file |
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| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| from django.db import models | Imports the models module, which contains models.Model class |
| models.Model | The base class for django models |
| models.ForeignKey() | To define a many-to-one relationship |
| models.ManyToMany() | To define a many-to-many relationship |
| models.OneToOneField() | To define an extension of a model |
| on_delete=models.CASCADE | Cascade deletes. Django emulates the behavior of the SQL constraint ON DELETE CASCADE and also deletes the object containing the ForeignKey |
| on_delete=models.PROTECT | Prevent deletion of the referenced object by raising ProtectedError, a subclass of django.db.IntegrityError |
| on_delete=models.RESTRICT | Prevent deletion of the referenced object by raising RestrictedError (a subclass of django.db.IntegrityError) |
| on_delete=models.SET_NULL | Set the ForeignKey null; this is only possible if null is True |
| on_delete=models.SET_DEFAULT | Set the ForeignKey to its default value; a default for the ForeignKey must be set |
| on_delete=models.SET() | Set the ForeignKey to the value passed to SET(), or if a callable is passed in, the result of calling it |
| object = Object.objects.create() | To create an instance of the model |
| object.save() | To save the object in db |
| object.update() | To update changes of the object in db |
| object.delete() | To delete the object from db |
| query = Object.objects.get() | To query the model |
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| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| from django.urls import path | URL conf |
| urlpatterns = [path('blog/', views.page)] | Map functions to urls |
| from django.urls import include | Include other URLconf modules |
| urlpatterns = [path('community/', include('aggregator.urls'))] | Exemple of include usage |
| render() | django.shortcuts: render(request, template_name, context=None, content_type=None, status=None, using=None) |
| redirect() | django.shortcuts: redirect(to, *args, permanent=False, **kwargs) |
| get_object_or_404() | django.shortcuts: Calls get() on a given model manager, but it raises Http404 instead of the model’s DoesNotExist exception |
| get_list_or_404() | django.shortcuts: Returns the result of filter() on a given model manager cast to a list, raising Http404 if the resulting list is empty |
| HttpResponse(html) | from django.http import HttpResponse |
| HttpResponseNotFound(html) | django.http.Http404 |
| JsonResponse() | django.http: An HttpResponse subclass that helps to create a JSON-encoded response. It inherits most behavior from its superclass with a couple differences |
| StreamingHttpResponse() | django.http: stream chunks of data. Useful for generating large csv files |
| FileResponse() | django.http: FileResponse is a subclass of StreamingHttpResponse optimized for binary files |
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Variables
Variables are surrounded by {{ and }}:
<p>User name is {{ user_name }}. User age is {{ user_age }}.</p>Tags Tags provide arbitrary logic in the rendering process Tags are surrounded by {% and %}:
{% if condition %}
<p>hello</p>
{% endif %}Filters
Filters transform the values of variables and tag arguments:
Add 3 to the value of an integer:
{{ int_value | "add: 3" }}Capitalize the first letter of the string:
{{ text_value | capfirst }}Format a date:
{{ date_value | date:"D d M Y" }}Comments
Comments are surrounded by {# and #}
{# This is a comment #}A {% comment %} tag provides multi-line comments.
{% comment %}
Comment 1
Comment 2
Comment 3
{% endcomment %}