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pdfobj.c
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pdfobj.c
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/* This is dvipdfmx, an eXtended version of dvipdfm by Mark A. Wicks.
Copyright (C) 2007-2014 by Jin-Hwan Cho and Shunsaku Hirata,
the dvipdfmx project team.
Copyright (C) 1998, 1999 by Mark A. Wicks <mwicks@kettering.edu>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA.
*/
#include "libtexpdf.h"
#ifdef WIN32
#include <fcntl.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ZLIB
#include <zlib.h>
#endif /* HAVE_ZLIB */
#define STREAM_ALLOC_SIZE 4096u
#define ARRAY_ALLOC_SIZE 256
#define IND_OBJECTS_ALLOC_SIZE 512
#define OBJ_NO_OBJSTM (1 << 0)
/* Objects with this flag will not be put into an object stream.
For instance, all stream objects have this flag set. */
#define OBJ_NO_ENCRYPT (1 << 1)
/* Objects with this flag will not be encrypted.
This implies OBJ_NO_OBJSTM if encryption is turned on. */
/* Any of these types can be represented as follows */
struct pdf_obj
{
int type;
unsigned long label; /* Only used for indirect objects
all other "label" to zero */
unsigned short generation; /* Only used if "label" is used */
unsigned refcount; /* Number of links to this object */
int flags;
void *data;
};
struct pdf_boolean
{
char value;
};
struct pdf_number
{
double value;
};
struct pdf_string
{
unsigned char *string;
unsigned short length;
};
struct pdf_name
{
char *name;
};
struct pdf_array
{
unsigned long max;
unsigned long size;
struct pdf_obj **values;
};
struct pdf_dict
{
struct pdf_obj *key;
struct pdf_obj *value;
struct pdf_dict *next;
};
struct pdf_stream
{
struct pdf_obj *dict;
unsigned char *stream;
long *objstm_data; /* used for object streams */
unsigned long stream_length;
unsigned long max_length;
unsigned char _flags;
};
struct pdf_indirect
{
pdf_file *pf;
pdf_obj *obj; /* used when PF == NULL */
unsigned long label;
unsigned short generation;
};
typedef void pdf_null;
typedef struct pdf_boolean pdf_boolean;
typedef struct pdf_number pdf_number;
typedef struct pdf_string pdf_string;
typedef struct pdf_name pdf_name;
typedef struct pdf_array pdf_array;
typedef struct pdf_dict pdf_dict;
typedef struct pdf_stream pdf_stream;
typedef struct pdf_indirect pdf_indirect;
static FILE *pdf_output_file = NULL;
static long pdf_output_file_position = 0;
static long pdf_output_line_position = 0;
static long compression_saved = 0;
#define FORMAT_BUF_SIZE 4096
static char format_buffer[FORMAT_BUF_SIZE];
typedef struct xref_entry
{
unsigned char type; /* object storage type */
unsigned long field2; /* offset in file or object stream */
unsigned short field3; /* generation or index */
pdf_obj *direct; /* used for imported objects */
pdf_obj *indirect; /* used for imported objects */
} xref_entry;
static xref_entry *output_xref;
static unsigned long pdf_max_ind_objects;
static unsigned long next_label;
static unsigned long startxref;
struct pdf_file
{
FILE *file;
pdf_obj *trailer;
xref_entry *xref_table;
pdf_obj *catalog;
long num_obj;
long file_size;
int version;
};
static pdf_obj *output_stream; /* XXX needs to be re-entrant */
#define OBJSTM_MAX_OBJS 200
/* the limit is only 100 for linearized PDF */
static int enc_mode;
static int doc_enc_mode;
static pdf_obj *trailer_dict; /* XXX needs to be re-entrant */
static pdf_obj *xref_stream; /* XXX needs to be re-entrant */
/* Internal static routines */
static int texpdf_check_for_pdf_version (FILE *file);
static void pdf_flush_obj (pdf_obj *object, FILE *file);
static void pdf_label_obj (pdf_obj *object);
static void pdf_write_obj (pdf_obj *object, FILE *file);
static void set_objstm_data (pdf_obj *objstm, long *data);
static long *get_objstm_data (pdf_obj *objstm);
static void release_objstm (pdf_obj *objstm);
static void pdf_out_char (FILE *file, char c);
static void pdf_out (FILE *file, const void *buffer, long length);
static pdf_obj *texpdf_new_ref (pdf_obj *object);
static void release_indirect (pdf_indirect *data);
static void write_indirect (pdf_indirect *indirect, FILE *file);
static void release_boolean (pdf_obj *data);
static void write_boolean (pdf_boolean *data, FILE *file);
static void write_null (FILE *file);
static void release_number (pdf_number *number);
static void write_number (pdf_number *number, FILE *file);
static void write_string (pdf_string *str, FILE *file);
static void release_string (pdf_string *str);
static void write_name (pdf_name *name, FILE *file);
static void release_name (pdf_name *name);
static void write_array (pdf_array *array, FILE *file);
static void release_array (pdf_array *array);
static void write_dict (pdf_dict *dict, FILE *file);
static void release_dict (pdf_dict *dict);
static void write_stream (pdf_stream *stream, FILE *file);
static void release_stream (pdf_stream *stream);
static int verbose = 0;
static char compression_level = 9;
void
texpdf_set_compression (int level)
{
#ifndef HAVE_ZLIB
ERROR("You don't have compression compiled in. Possibly libz wasn't found by configure.");
#else
#ifndef HAVE_ZLIB_COMPRESS2
if (level != 0)
WARN("Unable to set compression level -- your zlib doesn't have compress2().");
#endif
if (level >= 0 && level <= 9)
compression_level = level;
else {
ERROR("set_compression: invalid compression level: %d", level);
}
#endif /* !HAVE_ZLIB */
return;
}
static unsigned pdf_version = PDF_VERSION_DEFAULT;
void
texpdf_set_version (unsigned version)
{
/* Don't forget to update CIDFont_stdcc_def[] in cid.c too! */
if (version >= PDF_VERSION_MIN && version <= PDF_VERSION_MAX) {
pdf_version = version;
}
}
unsigned
texpdf_get_version (void)
{
return pdf_version;
}
int
pdf_obj_get_verbose(void)
{
return verbose;
}
void
texpdf_obj_set_verbose(void)
{
verbose++;
}
static pdf_obj *current_objstm = NULL;
static int do_objstm;
static void
add_xref_entry (unsigned long label, unsigned char type, unsigned long field2, unsigned short field3)
{
if (label >= pdf_max_ind_objects) {
pdf_max_ind_objects = (label/IND_OBJECTS_ALLOC_SIZE+1)*IND_OBJECTS_ALLOC_SIZE;
output_xref = RENEW(output_xref, pdf_max_ind_objects, xref_entry);
}
output_xref[label].type = type;
output_xref[label].field2 = field2;
output_xref[label].field3 = field3;
output_xref[label].direct = NULL;
output_xref[label].indirect = NULL;
}
#define BINARY_MARKER "%\344\360\355\370\n"
void
pdf_out_init (const char *filename, int do_encryption)
{
char v;
output_xref = NULL;
pdf_max_ind_objects = 0;
add_xref_entry(0, 0, 0, 0xffff);
next_label = 1;
if (pdf_version >= 5) {
xref_stream = texpdf_new_stream(STREAM_COMPRESS);
xref_stream->flags |= OBJ_NO_ENCRYPT;
trailer_dict = texpdf_stream_dict(xref_stream);
texpdf_add_dict(trailer_dict, texpdf_new_name("Type"), texpdf_new_name("XRef"));
do_objstm = 1;
} else {
xref_stream = NULL;
trailer_dict = texpdf_new_dict();
do_objstm = 0;
}
output_stream = NULL;
if (filename == NULL) { /* no filename: writing to stdout */
#if defined(WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
setmode(fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
#endif
pdf_output_file = stdout;
} else {
pdf_output_file = MFOPEN(filename, FOPEN_WBIN_MODE);
if (!pdf_output_file) {
if (strlen(filename) < 128)
ERROR("Unable to open \"%s\".", filename);
else
ERROR("Unable to open file.");
}
}
pdf_out(pdf_output_file, "%PDF-1.", strlen("%PDF-1."));
v = '0' + pdf_version;
pdf_out(pdf_output_file, &v, 1);
pdf_out(pdf_output_file, "\n", 1);
pdf_out(pdf_output_file, BINARY_MARKER, strlen(BINARY_MARKER));
enc_mode = 0;
doc_enc_mode = do_encryption;
}
static void
texpdf_dump_xref_table (void)
{
long length;
unsigned long i;
pdf_out(pdf_output_file, "xref\n", 5);
length = sprintf(format_buffer, "%d %lu\n", 0, next_label);
pdf_out(pdf_output_file, format_buffer, length);
/*
* Every space counts. The space after the 'f' and 'n' is * *essential*.
* The PDF spec says the lines must be 20 characters long including the
* end of line character.
*/
for (i = 0; i < next_label; i++) {
unsigned char type = output_xref[i].type;
if (type > 1)
ERROR("object type %hu not allowed in xref table", type);
length = sprintf(format_buffer, "%010lu %05hu %c \n",
output_xref[i].field2, output_xref[i].field3,
type ? 'n' : 'f');
pdf_out(pdf_output_file, format_buffer, length);
}
}
static void
texpdf_dump_trailer_dict (void)
{
pdf_out(pdf_output_file, "trailer\n", 8);
enc_mode = 0;
write_dict(trailer_dict->data, pdf_output_file);
texpdf_release_obj(trailer_dict);
pdf_out_char(pdf_output_file, '\n');
}
/*
* output a PDF 1.5 cross-reference stream;
* contributed by Matthias Franz (March 21, 2007)
*/
static void
texpdf_dump_xref_stream (void)
{
unsigned long pos, i;
unsigned poslen;
unsigned char buf[7] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
pdf_obj *w;
/* determine the necessary size of the offset field */
pos = startxref; /* maximal offset value */
poslen = 1;
while (pos >>= 8)
poslen++;
w = texpdf_new_array();
texpdf_add_array(w, texpdf_new_number(1)); /* type */
texpdf_add_array(w, texpdf_new_number(poslen)); /* offset (big-endian) */
texpdf_add_array(w, texpdf_new_number(2)); /* generation */
texpdf_add_dict(trailer_dict, texpdf_new_name("W"), w);
/* We need the xref entry for the xref stream right now */
add_xref_entry(next_label-1, 1, startxref, 0);
for (i = 0; i < next_label; i++) {
unsigned j;
unsigned short f3;
buf[0] = output_xref[i].type;
pos = output_xref[i].field2;
for (j = poslen; j--; ) {
buf[1+j] = (unsigned char) pos;
pos >>= 8;
}
f3 = output_xref[i].field3;
buf[poslen+1] = (unsigned char) (f3 >> 8);
buf[poslen+2] = (unsigned char) (f3);
texpdf_add_stream(xref_stream, &buf, poslen+3);
}
texpdf_release_obj(xref_stream);
}
void
pdf_out_flush (void)
{
if (pdf_output_file) {
long length;
/* Flush current object stream */
if (current_objstm) {
release_objstm(current_objstm);
current_objstm =NULL;
}
/*
* Label xref stream - we need the number of correct objects
* for the xref stream dictionary (= trailer).
* Labelling it in pdf_out_init (with 1) does not work (why?).
*/
if (xref_stream)
pdf_label_obj(xref_stream);
/* Record where this xref is for trailer */
startxref = pdf_output_file_position;
texpdf_add_dict(trailer_dict, texpdf_new_name("Size"),
texpdf_new_number(next_label));
if (xref_stream)
texpdf_dump_xref_stream();
else {
texpdf_dump_xref_table();
texpdf_dump_trailer_dict();
}
/* Done with xref table */
RELEASE(output_xref);
pdf_out(pdf_output_file, "startxref\n", 10);
length = sprintf(format_buffer, "%lu\n", startxref);
pdf_out(pdf_output_file, format_buffer, length);
pdf_out(pdf_output_file, "%%EOF\n", 6);
MESG("\n");
if (verbose) {
if (compression_level > 0) {
MESG("Compression saved %ld bytes%s\n", compression_saved,
pdf_version < 5 ? ". Try \"-V 5\" for better compression" : "");
}
}
MESG("%ld bytes written", pdf_output_file_position);
MFCLOSE(pdf_output_file);
pdf_output_file_position = 0;
pdf_output_line_position = 0;
}
}
void
texpdf_error_cleanup (void)
{
/*
* This routine is the cleanup required for an abnormal exit.
* For now, simply close the file.
*/
if (pdf_output_file)
MFCLOSE(pdf_output_file);
}
void
texpdf_set_root (pdf_obj *object)
{
if (texpdf_add_dict(trailer_dict, texpdf_new_name("Root"), texpdf_ref_obj(object))) {
ERROR("Root object already set!");
}
/* Adobe Readers don't like a document catalog inside an encrypted
* object stream, although the PDF v1.5 spec seems to allow this.
* Note that we don't set OBJ_NO_ENCRYPT since the name dictionary in
* a document catalog may contain strings, which should be encrypted.
*/
if (doc_enc_mode)
object->flags |= OBJ_NO_OBJSTM;
}
void
texpdf_set_info (pdf_obj *object)
{
if (texpdf_add_dict(trailer_dict, texpdf_new_name("Info"), texpdf_ref_obj(object))) {
ERROR ("Info object already set!");
}
}
void
texpdf_set_id (pdf_obj *id)
{
if (texpdf_add_dict(trailer_dict, texpdf_new_name("ID"), id)) {
ERROR ("ID already set!");
}
}
void
texpdf_set_encrypt (pdf_obj *encrypt)
{
if (texpdf_add_dict(trailer_dict, texpdf_new_name("Encrypt"), texpdf_ref_obj(encrypt))) {
ERROR("Encrypt object already set!");
}
encrypt->flags |= OBJ_NO_ENCRYPT;
}
static
void pdf_out_char (FILE *file, char c)
{
if (output_stream && file == pdf_output_file)
texpdf_add_stream(output_stream, &c, 1);
else {
fputc(c, file);
/* Keep tallys for xref table *only* if writing a pdf file. */
if (file == pdf_output_file) {
pdf_output_file_position += 1;
if (c == '\n')
pdf_output_line_position = 0;
else
pdf_output_line_position += 1;
}
}
}
static char xchar[] = "0123456789abcdef";
#define pdf_out_xchar(f,c) do {\
pdf_out_char((f), xchar[((c) >> 4) & 0x0f]);\
pdf_out_char((f), xchar[(c) & 0x0f]);\
} while (0)
static
void pdf_out (FILE *file, const void *buffer, long length)
{
if (output_stream && file == pdf_output_file)
texpdf_add_stream(output_stream, buffer, length);
else {
fwrite(buffer, 1, length, file);
/* Keep tallys for xref table *only* if writing a pdf file */
if (file == pdf_output_file) {
pdf_output_file_position += length;
pdf_output_line_position += length;
/* "foo\nbar\n "... */
if (length > 0 &&
((const char *)buffer)[length-1] == '\n')
pdf_output_line_position = 0;
}
}
}
/* returns 1 if a white-space character is necessary to separate
an object of type1 followed by an object of type2 */
static
int pdf_need_white (int type1, int type2)
{
return !(type1 == PDF_STRING || type1 == PDF_ARRAY || type1 == PDF_DICT ||
type2 == PDF_STRING || type2 == PDF_NAME ||
type2 == PDF_ARRAY || type2 == PDF_DICT);
}
static
void pdf_out_white (FILE *file)
{
if (file == pdf_output_file && pdf_output_line_position >= 80) {
pdf_out_char(file, '\n');
} else {
pdf_out_char(file, ' ');
}
}
#define TYPECHECK(o,t) if (!(o) || (o)->type != (t)) {\
ERROR("typecheck: Invalid object type: %d %d (line %d)", (o) ? (o)->type : -1, (t), __LINE__);\
}
#define INVALIDOBJ(o) ((o) == NULL || (o)->type <= 0 || (o)->type > PDF_UNDEFINED)
static pdf_obj *
texpdf_new_obj(int type)
{
pdf_obj *result;
if (type > PDF_UNDEFINED || type < 0)
ERROR("Invalid object type: %d", type);
result = NEW(1, pdf_obj);
result->type = type;
result->data = NULL;
result->label = 0;
result->generation = 0;
result->refcount = 1;
result->flags = 0;
return result;
}
int
texpdf_obj_typeof (pdf_obj *object)
{
if (INVALIDOBJ(object))
return PDF_OBJ_INVALID;
return object->type;
}
static void
pdf_label_obj (pdf_obj *object)
{
if (INVALIDOBJ(object))
ERROR("pdf_label_obj(): passed invalid object.");
/*
* Don't change label on an already labeled object. Ignore such calls.
*/
if (object->label == 0) {
object->label = next_label++;
object->generation = 0;
}
}
/*
* Transfer the label assigned to the object src to the object dst.
* The object dst must not yet have been labeled.
*/
void
pdf_transfer_label (pdf_obj *dst, pdf_obj *src)
{
ASSERT(dst && !dst->label && src);
dst->label = src->label;
dst->generation = src->generation;
src->label = 0;
src->generation = 0;
}
/*
* This doesn't really copy the object, but allows it to be used without
* fear that somebody else will free it.
*/
pdf_obj *
texpdf_link_obj (pdf_obj *object)
{
if (INVALIDOBJ(object))
ERROR("texpdf_link_obj(): passed invalid object.");
object->refcount += 1;
return object;
}
pdf_obj *
texpdf_ref_obj (pdf_obj *object)
{
if (INVALIDOBJ(object))
ERROR("texpdf_ref_obj(): passed invalid object.");
if (object->refcount == 0) {
MESG("\nTrying to refer already released object!!!\n");
pdf_write_obj(object, stderr);
ERROR("Cannot continue...");
}
if (PDF_OBJ_INDIRECTTYPE(object)) {
return texpdf_link_obj(object);
} else {
return texpdf_new_ref(object);
}
}
static void
release_indirect (pdf_indirect *data)
{
RELEASE(data);
}
static void
write_indirect (pdf_indirect *indirect, FILE *file)
{
long length;
ASSERT(!indirect->pf);
length = sprintf(format_buffer, "%lu %hu R", indirect->label, indirect->generation);
pdf_out(file, format_buffer, length);
}
/* The undefined object is used as a placeholder in pdfnames.c
* for objects which are referenced before they are defined.
*/
pdf_obj *
texpdf_new_undefined (void)
{
pdf_obj *result;
result = texpdf_new_obj(PDF_UNDEFINED);
result->data = NULL;
return result;
}
pdf_obj *
texpdf_new_null (void)
{
pdf_obj *result;
result = texpdf_new_obj(PDF_NULL);
result->data = NULL;
return result;
}
static void
write_null (FILE *file)
{
pdf_out(file, "null", 4);
}
pdf_obj *
texpdf_new_boolean (char value)
{
pdf_obj *result;
pdf_boolean *data;
result = texpdf_new_obj(PDF_BOOLEAN);
data = NEW(1, pdf_boolean);
data->value = value;
result->data = data;
return result;
}
static void
release_boolean (pdf_obj *data)
{
RELEASE (data);
}
static void
write_boolean (pdf_boolean *data, FILE *file)
{
if (data->value) {
pdf_out(file, "true", 4);
} else {
pdf_out(file, "false", 5);
}
}
char
pdf_boolean_value (pdf_obj *object)
{
pdf_boolean *data;
TYPECHECK(object, PDF_BOOLEAN);
data = object->data;
return data->value;
}
pdf_obj *
texpdf_new_number (double value)
{
pdf_obj *result;
pdf_number *data;
result = texpdf_new_obj(PDF_NUMBER);
data = NEW(1, pdf_number);
data->value = value;
result->data = data;
return result;
}
static void
release_number (pdf_number *data)
{
RELEASE (data);
}
static void
write_number (pdf_number *number, FILE *file)
{
int count;
count = pdf_sprint_number(format_buffer, number->value);
pdf_out(file, format_buffer, count);
}
void
texpdf_set_number (pdf_obj *object, double value)
{
pdf_number *data;
TYPECHECK(object, PDF_NUMBER);
data = object->data;
data->value = value;
}
double
texpdf_number_value (pdf_obj *object)
{
pdf_number *data;
TYPECHECK(object, PDF_NUMBER);
data = object->data;
return data->value;
}
pdf_obj *
texpdf_new_string (const void *str, unsigned length)
{
pdf_obj *result;
pdf_string *data;
ASSERT(str);
result = texpdf_new_obj(PDF_STRING);
data = NEW(1, pdf_string);
result->data = data;
data->length = length;
if (length) {
data->string = NEW(length+1, unsigned char);
memcpy(data->string, str, length);
/* Shouldn't assume NULL terminated. */
data->string[length] = '\0';
} else
data->string = NULL;
return result;
}
void *
texpdf_string_value (pdf_obj *object)
{
pdf_string *data;
TYPECHECK(object, PDF_STRING);
data = object->data;
return data->string;
}
unsigned
texpdf_string_length (pdf_obj *object)
{
pdf_string *data;
TYPECHECK(object, PDF_STRING);
data = object->data;
return (unsigned) (data->length);
}
/*
* This routine escapes non printable characters and control
* characters in an output string.
*/
int
pdfobj_escape_str (char *buffer, int bufsize, const unsigned char *s, int len)
{
int result = 0;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
unsigned char ch;
ch = s[i];
if (result > bufsize - 4)
ERROR("pdfobj_escape_str: Buffer overflow");
/*
* We always write three octal digits. Optimization only gives few Kb
* smaller size for most documents when zlib compressed.
*/
if (ch < 32 || ch > 126) {
buffer[result++] = '\\';
#if 0
if (i < len - 1 && !isdigit(s[i+1]))
result += sprintf(buffer+result, "%o", ch);
else
result += sprintf(buffer+result, "%03o", ch);
#endif
result += sprintf(buffer+result, "%03o", ch);
} else {
switch (ch) {
case '(':
buffer[result++] = '\\';
buffer[result++] = '(';
break;
case ')':
buffer[result++] = '\\';
buffer[result++] = ')';
break;
case '\\':
buffer[result++] = '\\';
buffer[result++] = '\\';
break;
default:
buffer[result++] = ch;
break;
}
}
}
return result;
}
static void
write_string (pdf_string *str, FILE *file)
{
unsigned char *s;
char wbuf[FORMAT_BUF_SIZE]; /* Shouldn't use format_buffer[]. */
int nescc = 0, i, count;
s = str->string;
if (enc_mode)
pdf_encrypt_data(s, str->length);
/*
* Count all ASCII non-printable characters.
*/
for (i = 0; i < str->length; i++) {
if (!isprint(s[i]))
nescc++;
}
/*
* If the string contains much escaped chars, then we write it as
* ASCII hex string.
*/
if (nescc > str->length / 3) {
pdf_out_char(file, '<');
for (i = 0; i < str->length; i++) {
pdf_out_xchar(file, s[i]);
}
pdf_out_char(file, '>');
} else {
pdf_out_char(file, '(');
/*
* This section of code probably isn't speed critical. Escaping the
* characters in the string one at a time may seem slow, but it's
* safe if the formatted string length exceeds FORMAT_BUF_SIZE.
* Occasionally you see some long strings in PDF. pdfobj_escape_str
* is also used for strings of text with no kerning. These must be
* handled as quickly as possible since there are so many of them.
*/
for (i = 0; i < str->length; i++) {
count = pdfobj_escape_str(wbuf, FORMAT_BUF_SIZE, &(s[i]), 1);
pdf_out(file, wbuf, count);
}
pdf_out_char(file, ')');
}
}
static void
release_string (pdf_string *data)
{
if (data->string != NULL) {
RELEASE(data->string);
data->string = NULL;
}
RELEASE(data);
}
void
texpdf_set_string (pdf_obj *object, unsigned char *str, unsigned length)
{
pdf_string *data;
TYPECHECK(object, PDF_STRING);
data = object->data;
if (data->string != 0) {
RELEASE(data->string);
}
if (length != 0) {
data->length = length;
data->string = NEW(length + 1, unsigned char);
memcpy(data->string, str, length);
data->string[length] = '\0';