diff --git a/requirements/posix.txt b/requirements/posix.txt
index 283a8212..47512773 100644
--- a/requirements/posix.txt
+++ b/requirements/posix.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 cloudpickle
-ipykernel>=6.15.3,<7
+ipykernel>=6.16.1,<7
 ipython>=7.31.1,<8
 jupyter_client>=7.3.4,<8
 pyzmq>=22.1.0
diff --git a/requirements/windows.txt b/requirements/windows.txt
index 3d90d14b..4c4072bb 100644
--- a/requirements/windows.txt
+++ b/requirements/windows.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 cloudpickle
-ipykernel>=6.15.3,<7
+ipykernel>=6.16.1,<7
 ipython>=7.31.1,<8
 jupyter_client>=7.3.4,<8
 pyzmq>=22.1.0
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 4eacd6da..545af893 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def get_version(module='spyder_kernels'):
     'backports.functools-lru-cache; python_version<"3"',
     'cloudpickle',
     'ipykernel<5; python_version<"3"',
-    'ipykernel>=6.15.3,<7; python_version>="3"',
+    'ipykernel>=6.16.1,<7; python_version>="3"',
     'ipython<6; python_version<"3"',
     'ipython>=7.31.1,<8; python_version>="3"',
     'jupyter-client>=5.3.4,<6; python_version<"3"',
diff --git a/spyder_kernels/console/kernel.py b/spyder_kernels/console/kernel.py
index bd1c2431..6aba2210 100644
--- a/spyder_kernels/console/kernel.py
+++ b/spyder_kernels/console/kernel.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 # Third-party imports
 import ipykernel
 from ipykernel.ipkernel import IPythonKernel
+from ipykernel import eventloops
 from traitlets.config.loader import LazyConfigValue
 
 # Local imports
@@ -398,48 +399,43 @@ def get_mpl_interactive_backend(self):
         """
         # Mapping from frameworks to backend names.
         mapping = {
-            'qt': 'QtAgg',  # For Matplotlib 3.5+
-            'qt5': 'Qt5Agg',
+            'qt': 'QtAgg',
             'tk': 'TkAgg',
             'macosx': 'MacOSX'
         }
 
-        try:
-            # --- Get interactive framework
-            framework = None
-
-            # This is necessary because _get_running_interactive_framework
-            # can't detect Tk in a Jupyter kernel.
-            if hasattr(self, 'app_wrapper'):
-                if hasattr(self.app_wrapper, 'app'):
-                    import tkinter
-                    if isinstance(self.app_wrapper.app, tkinter.Tk):
-                        framework = 'tk'
-
-            if framework is None:
-                try:
-                    # This is necessary for Matplotlib 3.3.0+
-                    from matplotlib import cbook
-                    framework = cbook._get_running_interactive_framework()
-                except AttributeError:
-                    # For older versions
-                    from matplotlib import backends
-                    framework = backends._get_running_interactive_framework()
-
-            # --- Return backend according to framework
-            if framework is None:
-                # Since no interactive backend has been set yet, this is
-                # equivalent to having the inline one.
-                return 0
-            elif framework in mapping:
-                return MPL_BACKENDS_TO_SPYDER[mapping[framework]]
+        # --- Get interactive framework
+        framework = None
+
+        # Detect if there is a graphical framework running by checking the
+        # eventloop function attached to the kernel.eventloop attribute (see
+        # `ipykernel.eventloops.enable_gui` for context).
+        from IPython.core.getipython import get_ipython
+        loop_func = get_ipython().kernel.eventloop
+
+        if loop_func is not None:
+            if loop_func == eventloops.loop_tk:
+                framework = 'tk'
+            elif loop_func == eventloops.loop_qt5:
+                framework = 'qt'
+            elif loop_func == eventloops.loop_cocoa:
+                framework = 'macosx'
             else:
-                # This covers the case of other backends (e.g. Wx or Gtk)
-                # which users can set interactively with the %matplotlib
-                # magic but not through our Preferences.
-                return -1
-        except Exception:
-            return None
+                # Spyder doesn't handle other backends
+                framework = 'other'
+
+        # --- Return backend according to framework
+        if framework is None:
+            # Since no interactive backend has been set yet, this is
+            # equivalent to having the inline one.
+            return 0
+        elif framework in mapping:
+            return MPL_BACKENDS_TO_SPYDER[mapping[framework]]
+        else:
+            # This covers the case of other backends (e.g. Wx or Gtk)
+            # which users can set interactively with the %matplotlib
+            # magic but not through our Preferences.
+            return -1
 
     def set_matplotlib_backend(self, backend, pylab=False):
         """Set matplotlib backend given a Spyder backend option."""