From b95e7552ff22c56358022ae7d28d0afc70c45460 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ed Page Date: Tue, 16 Jan 2024 12:51:27 -0600 Subject: [PATCH] doc(features): Highlight the non-blocking feature gating technique We already discussed non-blocking gates but the language makes it sound like it was limited to `config.toml`. Since I haven't been touching that, I had always overlooked that section. This change brings the blocking / non-blocking decision front and center. To support this, the later sections focus more on mechanisms (the gate) rather than on what is being done (new syntax for `cargo-features`). I also feel this makes the content more scannable. This is adapted from what I did for `[lints]` (see #12148). --- src/cargo/core/features.rs | 74 +++++++++++++++----------------------- 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 46 deletions(-) diff --git a/src/cargo/core/features.rs b/src/cargo/core/features.rs index 43d09758db0e..2f52a24c0161 100644 --- a/src/cargo/core/features.rs +++ b/src/cargo/core/features.rs @@ -9,17 +9,31 @@ //! Cargo, and the good news is that it shouldn't be too hard! First determine //! how the feature should be gated: //! -//! * New syntax in Cargo.toml should use `cargo-features`. -//! * New CLI options should use `-Z unstable-options`. -//! * New functionality that may not have an interface, or the interface has -//! not yet been designed, or for more complex features that affect multiple -//! parts of Cargo should use a new `-Z` flag. +//! * Error when the feature is used without the gate +//! * Required if ignoring the feature violates the users intent in non-superficial ways +//! * A low-effort / safe way to protect the user from being broken if the format of the feature changes in +//! incompatible was (can be worked around) +//! * Good for: CLI (gate: `-Zunstable-options` or `-Z` if combined with other changes), `Cargo.toml` (gate: `cargo-features`) +//! * Warn that the feature is ignored due to lack of the gate +//! * For if you could opt-in to the unimplemented feature on Cargo today and Cargo would +//! operate just fine +//! * If gate is not enabled, prefer to warn if the format of the feature is incompatible +//! (instead of error or ignore) +//! * Good for: `Cargo.toml`, `.cargo/config.toml`, `config.json` index file (gate: `-Z`) +//! * Ignore the feature that is used without a gate +//! * For when ignoring the feature has so little impact that annoying the user is not worth it +//! (e.g. a config field that changes Cargo's terminal output) +//! * For behavior changes without an interface (e.g. the resolver) +//! * Good for: `.cargo/config.toml`, `config.json` index file (gate: `-Z`) +//! +//! For features that touch multiple parts of Cargo, multiple feature gating strategies (error, +//! warn, ignore) and mechnisms (`-Z`, `cargo-features`) may be used. //! //! When adding new tests for your feature, usually the tests should go into a -//! new module of the testsuite. See +//! new module of the testsuite named after the feature. See //! for more information on //! writing tests. Particularly, check out the "Testing Nightly Features" -//! section for testing unstable features. +//! section for testing unstable features. Be sure to test the feature gate itself. //! //! After you have added your feature, be sure to update the unstable //! documentation at `src/doc/src/reference/unstable.md` to include a short @@ -27,11 +41,11 @@ //! //! And hopefully that's it! //! -//! ## New Cargo.toml syntax +//! ## `cargo-features` //! //! The steps for adding new Cargo.toml syntax are: //! -//! 1. Add the cargo-features unstable gate. Search below for "look here" to +//! 1. Add the cargo-features unstable gate. Search the code below for "look here" to //! find the [`features!`] macro invocation and add your feature to the list. //! //! 2. Update the Cargo.toml parsing code to handle your new feature. @@ -68,43 +82,10 @@ //! [`Config::cli_unstable`] to get an instance of [`CliUnstable`] //! and check if the option has been enabled on the [`CliUnstable`] instance. //! Nightly gating is already handled, so no need to worry about that. -//! -//! ### `-Z` vs `cargo-features` -//! -//! In some cases there might be some changes that `cargo-features` is unable -//! to sufficiently encompass. An example would be a syntax change in -//! `Cargo.toml` that also impacts the index or resolver. The resolver doesn't -//! know about `cargo-features`, so it needs a `-Z` flag to enable the -//! experimental functionality. -//! -//! In those cases, you usually should introduce both a `-Z` flag (to enable -//! the changes outside of the manifest) and a `cargo-features` entry (to -//! enable the new syntax in `Cargo.toml`). The `cargo-features` entry ensures -//! that any experimental syntax that gets uploaded to crates.io is clearly -//! intended for nightly-only builds. Otherwise, users accessing those crates -//! may get confusing errors, particularly if the syntax changes during the -//! development cycle, and the user tries to access it with a stable release. -//! -//! ### `-Z` with external files -//! -//! Some files, such as `config.toml` config files, or the `config.json` index -//! file, are used in a global location which can make interaction with stable -//! releases problematic. In general, before the feature is stabilized, stable -//! Cargo should behave roughly similar to how it behaved *before* the -//! unstable feature was introduced. If Cargo would normally have ignored or -//! warned about the introduction of something, then it probably should -//! continue to do so. -//! -//! For example, Cargo generally ignores (or warns) about `config.toml` -//! entries it doesn't know about. This allows a limited degree of -//! forwards-compatibility with future versions of Cargo that add new entries. -//! -//! Whether or not to warn on stable may need to be decided on a case-by-case -//! basis. For example, you may want to avoid generating a warning for options -//! that are not critical to Cargo's operation in order to reduce the -//! annoyance of constant warnings. However, ignoring some options may prevent -//! proper operation, so a warning may be valuable for a user trying to -//! diagnose why it isn't working correctly. +//! If warning when feature is used without the gate, be sure to gracefully degrade (with a +//! warning) when the `Cargo.toml` / `.cargo/config.toml` field usage doesn't match the +//! schema. +//! 4. For any `Cargo.toml` fields, strip them in [`prepare_for_publish`] if the gate isn't set //! //! ## Stabilization //! @@ -135,6 +116,7 @@ //! [`fail_if_stable_opt`]: CliUnstable::fail_if_stable_opt //! [`features!`]: macro.features.html //! [`unstable_cli_options!`]: macro.unstable_cli_options.html +//! [`prepare_for_publish`]: crate::util::toml::prepare_for_publish use std::collections::BTreeSet; use std::env;