diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 67dbd06b..e74bf237 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ perspective.
 
 It matches if the element is a form control and the `disabled` attribute is
 specified on this element or the element is a descendant of a form element with
-a `disabled` attribute.
+a `disabled` attribute. It also matches if `aria-disabled` attribute of `"true"`
+is specified on the element or the element is a descendant of any element with
+`aria-disabled="true"` and the element itself is a form control.
 
 According to the specification, the following elements can be
 [actually disabled](https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/semantics-other.html#disabled-elements):
@@ -150,12 +152,18 @@ According to the specification, the following elements can be
 <button data-testid="button" type="submit" disabled>submit</button>
 <fieldset disabled><input type="text" data-testid="input" /></fieldset>
 <a href="..." disabled>link</a>
+<div aria-disabled="true" data-testid="generic">generic</div>
+<div aria-disabled="true"><input type="text" data-testid="child-input" /></div>
+<div aria-disabled="true"><div data-testid="non-focusable-child" /></div>
 ```
 
 ```javascript
 expect(getByTestId('button')).toBeDisabled()
 expect(getByTestId('input')).toBeDisabled()
 expect(getByText('link')).not.toBeDisabled()
+expect(getByText('generic')).toBeDisabled()
+expect(getByTestId('child-input')).toBeDisabled()
+expect(getByTestId('non-focusable-child')).not.toBeDisabled()
 ```
 
 <hr />
@@ -239,9 +247,7 @@ This allows you to assert whether an element is present in the document or not.
 expect(
   getByTestId(document.documentElement, 'html-element'),
 ).toBeInTheDocument()
-expect(
-  getByTestId(document.documentElement, 'svg-element'),
-).toBeInTheDocument()
+expect(getByTestId(document.documentElement, 'svg-element')).toBeInTheDocument()
 expect(
   queryByTestId(document.documentElement, 'does-not-exist'),
 ).not.toBeInTheDocument()
@@ -1155,6 +1161,7 @@ Thanks goes to these people ([emoji key][emojis]):
 
 <!-- markdownlint-enable -->
 <!-- prettier-ignore-end -->
+
 <!-- ALL-CONTRIBUTORS-LIST:END -->
 
 This project follows the [all-contributors][all-contributors] specification.
@@ -1205,5 +1212,6 @@ MIT
 [emojis]: https://allcontributors.org/docs/en/emoji-key
 [all-contributors]: https://github.com/all-contributors/all-contributors
 [guiding-principle]: https://testing-library.com/docs/guiding-principles
-[discord-badge]: https://img.shields.io/discord/723559267868737556.svg?color=7389D8&labelColor=6A7EC2&logo=discord&logoColor=ffffff&style=flat-square
+[discord-badge]:
+  https://img.shields.io/discord/723559267868737556.svg?color=7389D8&labelColor=6A7EC2&logo=discord&logoColor=ffffff&style=flat-square
 [discord]: https://discord.gg/c6JN9fM
diff --git a/src/__tests__/to-be-disabled.js b/src/__tests__/to-be-disabled.js
index db0cde56..6174157b 100644
--- a/src/__tests__/to-be-disabled.js
+++ b/src/__tests__/to-be-disabled.js
@@ -1,61 +1,151 @@
 import {render} from './helpers/test-utils'
 
-test('.toBeDisabled', () => {
-  const {queryByTestId} = render(`
-    <div>
-      <button disabled={true} data-testid="button-element">x</button>
-      <textarea disabled={true} data-testid="textarea-element"></textarea>
-      <input type="checkbox" disabled={true} data-testid="input-element" />
+describe('.toBeDisabled', () => {
+  test('handles element with disabled attribute and element with disabled parent', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+      <div>
+        <button disabled={true} data-testid="button-element">x</button>
+        <textarea disabled={true} data-testid="textarea-element"></textarea>
+        <input type="checkbox" disabled={true} data-testid="input-element" />
+
+        <fieldset disabled={true} data-testid="fieldset-element">
+          <button data-testid="fieldset-child-element">x</button>
+        </fieldset>
 
-      <fieldset disabled={true} data-testid="fieldset-element">
-        <button data-testid="fieldset-child-element">x</button>
-      </fieldset>
+        <div disabled={true} data-testid="div-element">
+          <button data-testid="div-child-element">x</button>
+        </div>
+
+        <fieldset disabled={true}>
+          <div>
+            <button data-testid="nested-form-element">x</button>
+
+            <select data-testid="deep-select-element">
+              <optgroup data-testid="deep-optgroup-element">
+                <option data-testid="deep-option-element">x</option>
+              </optgroup>
+            </select>
+          </div>
+          <a href="http://github.com" data-testid="deep-a-element">x</a>
+        </fieldset>
 
-      <div disabled={true} data-testid="div-element">
-        <button data-testid="div-child-element">x</button>
+        <a href="http://github.com" disabled={true} data-testid="a-element">x</a>
       </div>
+      `)
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('button-element')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('button-element')).not.toBeDisabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+    expect(queryByTestId('textarea-element')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('input-element')).toBeDisabled()
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-element')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-child-element')).toBeDisabled()
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-child-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('nested-form-element')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-select-element')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-optgroup-element')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-option-element')).toBeDisabled()
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).toBeDisabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).toBeDisabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+  })
+
+  test('handles element with aria-disabled attribute', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+      <div aria-disabled="true" data-testid="aria-div-disabled"></div>
+      <div aria-disabled="false" data-testid="aria-div-enabled"></div>
+    `)
+    expect(queryByTestId(`aria-div-disabled`)).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId(`aria-div-enabled`)).not.toBeDisabled()
+  })
 
-      <fieldset disabled={true}>
-        <div>
-          <button data-testid="nested-form-element">x</button>
-
-          <select data-testid="deep-select-element">
-            <optgroup data-testid="deep-optgroup-element">
-              <option data-testid="deep-option-element">x</option>
-            </optgroup>
-          </select>
+  test('throws when element with aria-disabled attribute is disabled but expected not to be', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+      <div aria-disabled="true" data-testid="aria-div-disabled"></div>
+    `)
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId(`aria-div-disabled`)).not.toBeDisabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+  })
+
+  test('throws when element with aria-disabled role is not disabled but expected to be', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+        <div aria-disabled="false" data-testid="aria-div-enabled"></div>
+    `)
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId(`aria-div-enabled`)).toBeDisabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+  })
+
+  test('handles inheritance of the disabled state from a parent with aria-disabled attribute', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+      <div>
+        <fieldset aria-disabled="true" data-testid="fieldset-element">
+          <button data-testid="fieldset-child-element">x</button>
+        </fieldset>
+
+        <div aria-disabled="true" data-testid="div-element">
+          <button data-testid="div-child-element">x</button>
         </div>
-        <a href="http://github.com" data-testid="deep-a-element">x</a>
-      </fieldset>
 
-      <a href="http://github.com" disabled={true} data-testid="a-element">x</a>
-    </div>
-    `)
+        <div aria-disabled="false" data-testid="div-enabled-element">
+          <button data-testid="div-enabled-child-element">x</button>
+        </div>
+
+        <div aria-disabled="true" data-testid="div-element-2">
+          <div data-testid="non-focusable-child-element">x</button>
+        </div>
+
+        <div aria-disabled="true">
+          <div>
+            <button data-testid="nested-form-element">x</button>
 
-  expect(queryByTestId('button-element')).toBeDisabled()
-  expect(() =>
-    expect(queryByTestId('button-element')).not.toBeDisabled(),
-  ).toThrowError()
-  expect(queryByTestId('textarea-element')).toBeDisabled()
-  expect(queryByTestId('input-element')).toBeDisabled()
-
-  expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-element')).toBeDisabled()
-  expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-child-element')).toBeDisabled()
-
-  expect(queryByTestId('div-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
-  expect(queryByTestId('div-child-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
-
-  expect(queryByTestId('nested-form-element')).toBeDisabled()
-  expect(queryByTestId('deep-select-element')).toBeDisabled()
-  expect(queryByTestId('deep-optgroup-element')).toBeDisabled()
-  expect(queryByTestId('deep-option-element')).toBeDisabled()
-
-  expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
-  expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
-  expect(() => expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).toBeDisabled()).toThrowError()
-  expect(() =>
-    expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).toBeDisabled(),
-  ).toThrowError()
+            <select data-testid="deep-select-element">
+              <optgroup data-testid="deep-optgroup-element">
+                <option data-testid="deep-option-element">x</option>
+              </optgroup>
+            </select>
+          </div>
+          <a href="http://github.com" data-testid="deep-a-element">x</a>
+        </div>
+
+        <a href="http://github.com" disabled={true} data-testid="a-element">x</a>
+      </div>
+      `)
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-child-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-element')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-child-element')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-enabled-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-enabled-child-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-element-2')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('non-focusable-child-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('nested-form-element')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-select-element')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-optgroup-element')).toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-option-element')).toBeDisabled()
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).not.toBeDisabled()
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).toBeDisabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).toBeDisabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+  })
 })
 
 test('.toBeDisabled fieldset>legend', () => {
@@ -109,80 +199,168 @@ test('.toBeDisabled fieldset>legend', () => {
   expect(queryByTestId('outer-fieldset-element')).toBeDisabled()
 })
 
-test('.toBeEnabled', () => {
-  const {queryByTestId} = render(`
-    <div>
-      <button disabled={true} data-testid="button-element">x</button>
-      <textarea disabled={true} data-testid="textarea-element"></textarea>
-      <input type="checkbox" disabled={true} data-testid="input-element" />
+describe('.toBeEnabled', () => {
+  test('handles element with disabled attribute and element with disabled parent', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+      <div>
+        <button disabled={true} data-testid="button-element">x</button>
+        <textarea disabled={true} data-testid="textarea-element"></textarea>
+        <input type="checkbox" disabled={true} data-testid="input-element" />
 
-      <fieldset disabled={true} data-testid="fieldset-element">
-        <button data-testid="fieldset-child-element">x</button>
-      </fieldset>
+        <fieldset disabled={true} data-testid="fieldset-element">
+          <button data-testid="fieldset-child-element">x</button>
+        </fieldset>
+
+        <div disabled={true} data-testid="div-element">
+          <button data-testid="div-child-element">x</button>
+        </div>
+
+        <fieldset disabled={true}>
+          <div>
+            <button data-testid="nested-form-element">x</button>
+
+            <select data-testid="deep-select-element">
+              <optgroup data-testid="deep-optgroup-element">
+                <option data-testid="deep-option-element">x</option>
+              </optgroup>
+            </select>
+          </div>
+          <a href="http://github.com" data-testid="deep-a-element">x</a>
+        </fieldset>
 
-      <div disabled={true} data-testid="div-element">
-        <button data-testid="div-child-element">x</button>
+        <a href="http://github.com" disabled={true} data-testid="a-element">x</a>
       </div>
+      `)
+
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('button-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    }).toThrowError()
+    expect(queryByTestId('button-element')).not.toBeEnabled()
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('textarea-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    }).toThrowError()
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('input-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    }).toThrowError()
+
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    }).toThrowError()
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-child-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    }).toThrowError()
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-child-element')).toBeEnabled()
+
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('nested-form-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    }).toThrowError()
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('deep-select-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    }).toThrowError()
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('deep-optgroup-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    }).toThrowError()
+    expect(() => {
+      expect(queryByTestId('deep-option-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    }).toThrowError()
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).not.toBeEnabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).not.toBeEnabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+  })
+
+  test('handles element with aria-disabled attribute', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+      <div aria-disabled="true" data-testid="aria-div-disabled"></div>
+      <div aria-disabled="false" data-testid="aria-div-enabled"></div>
+    `)
+    expect(queryByTestId(`aria-div-disabled`)).not.toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId(`aria-div-enabled`)).toBeEnabled()
+  })
 
-      <fieldset disabled={true}>
-        <div>
-          <button data-testid="nested-form-element">x</button>
-
-          <select data-testid="deep-select-element">
-            <optgroup data-testid="deep-optgroup-element">
-              <option data-testid="deep-option-element">x</option>
-            </optgroup>
-          </select>
+  test('throws when element with aria-disabled attribute is enabled but expected not to be', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+      <div aria-disabled="false" data-testid="aria-div-enabled"></div>
+    `)
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId(`aria-div-enabled`)).not.toBeEnabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+  })
+
+  test('throws when element with aria-disabled role is not enabled but expected to be', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+        <div aria-disabled="true" data-testid="aria-div-disabled"></div>
+    `)
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId(`aria-div-disabled`)).toBeEnabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+  })
+
+  test('handles inheritance of the disabled state from a parent with aria-disabled attribute', () => {
+    const {queryByTestId} = render(`
+      <div>
+        <fieldset aria-disabled="true" data-testid="fieldset-element">
+          <button data-testid="fieldset-child-element">x</button>
+        </fieldset>
+
+        <div aria-disabled="true" data-testid="div-element">
+          <button data-testid="div-child-element">x</button>
         </div>
-        <a href="http://github.com" data-testid="deep-a-element">x</a>
-      </fieldset>
 
-      <a href="http://github.com" disabled={true} data-testid="a-element">x</a>
-    </div>
-    `)
+        <div aria-disabled="false" data-testid="div-enabled-element">
+          <button data-testid="div-enabled-child-element">x</button>
+        </div>
 
-  expect(() => {
-    expect(queryByTestId('button-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  }).toThrowError()
-  expect(queryByTestId('button-element')).not.toBeEnabled()
-  expect(() => {
-    expect(queryByTestId('textarea-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  }).toThrowError()
-  expect(() => {
-    expect(queryByTestId('input-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  }).toThrowError()
+        <div aria-disabled="true" data-testid="div-element-2">
+          <div data-testid="non-focusable-child-element">x</button>
+        </div>
 
-  expect(() => {
-    expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  }).toThrowError()
-  expect(() => {
-    expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-child-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  }).toThrowError()
+        <div aria-disabled="true">
+          <div>
+            <button data-testid="nested-form-element">x</button>
 
-  expect(queryByTestId('div-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  expect(queryByTestId('div-child-element')).toBeEnabled()
+            <select data-testid="deep-select-element">
+              <optgroup data-testid="deep-optgroup-element">
+                <option data-testid="deep-option-element">x</option>
+              </optgroup>
+            </select>
+          </div>
+          <a href="http://github.com" data-testid="deep-a-element">x</a>
+        </div>
 
-  expect(() => {
-    expect(queryByTestId('nested-form-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  }).toThrowError()
-  expect(() => {
-    expect(queryByTestId('deep-select-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  }).toThrowError()
-  expect(() => {
-    expect(queryByTestId('deep-optgroup-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  }).toThrowError()
-  expect(() => {
-    expect(queryByTestId('deep-option-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  }).toThrowError()
+        <a href="http://github.com" disabled={true} data-testid="a-element">x</a>
+      </div>
+      `)
 
-  expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  expect(() =>
-    expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).not.toBeEnabled(),
-  ).toThrowError()
-  expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).toBeEnabled()
-  expect(() =>
-    expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).not.toBeEnabled(),
-  ).toThrowError()
+    expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('fieldset-child-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-element')).not.toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-child-element')).not.toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-enabled-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-enabled-child-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('div-element-2')).not.toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('non-focusable-child-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('nested-form-element')).not.toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-select-element')).not.toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-optgroup-element')).not.toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-option-element')).not.toBeEnabled()
+
+    expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).toBeEnabled()
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('a-element')).not.toBeEnabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+    expect(() =>
+      expect(queryByTestId('deep-a-element')).not.toBeEnabled(),
+    ).toThrowError()
+  })
 })
 
 test('.toBeEnabled fieldset>legend', () => {
diff --git a/src/to-be-disabled.js b/src/to-be-disabled.js
index 9efe6f98..80778f1a 100644
--- a/src/to-be-disabled.js
+++ b/src/to-be-disabled.js
@@ -41,7 +41,11 @@ function canElementBeDisabled(element) {
 }
 
 function isElementDisabled(element) {
-  return canElementBeDisabled(element) && element.hasAttribute('disabled')
+  if (canElementBeDisabled(element)) {
+    return element.hasAttribute('disabled')
+  } else {
+    return element.getAttribute('aria-disabled') === 'true'
+  }
 }
 
 function isAncestorDisabled(element) {
@@ -54,8 +58,8 @@ function isAncestorDisabled(element) {
 
 function isElementOrAncestorDisabled(element) {
   return (
-    canElementBeDisabled(element) &&
-    (isElementDisabled(element) || isAncestorDisabled(element))
+    isElementDisabled(element) ||
+    (canElementBeDisabled(element) && isAncestorDisabled(element))
   )
 }