This assumes you have VcXsrv on Windows set up. Choose multiple windows, display 0, start no client, disable native opengl (sic). [Do this even if you think you know different.]
From CMD:
lxrun /uninstall
lxrun /install
From WSL bash:
sudo update && sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:therealkenc/wsl-pulseaudio
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:paulo-miguel-dias/mesa
sudo apt update && sudo apt dist-upgrade # yes dist-upgrade. You'll be on 16.04.03 as of Aug 2017
sudo apt install wget mesa-utils
# Download the stable or development Chrome .deb package - dev if you want headless functionality
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-unstable_current_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-unstable_current_amd64.deb
sudo apt -f install # probably
wget https://github.com/therealkenc/libudev-stub/releases/download/v0.9.0/libudev-stub-0.9.0-WSL.deb
sudo dpkg -i libudev-stub-0.9.0-WSL.deb # doing this **last** is important
# setting up session environment
export DISPLAY=localhost:0
export NO_AT_BRIDGE=1
exec dbus-run-session -- bash
sudo service dbus start
# Try firefox. If firefox doesn't launch all hope is lost for chrome
firefox
# Finally:
google-chrome-unstable --no-sandbox