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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<search>
<entry>
<title>安装遇到的各种问题</title>
<link href="/posts/59a3d58d/"/>
<url>/posts/59a3d58d/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="acunetix（AWVS）"><a href="#acunetix（AWVS）" class="headerlink" title="acunetix（AWVS）"></a>acunetix（AWVS）</h1><figure class="highlight awk"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo systemctl stop acunetix</span><br><span class="line">sudo vm wvcsc <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>v_221007170<span class="regexp">/scanner/</span>wvsc</span><br><span class="line">sudo chown acunetix:acunetix <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>v_221007170<span class="regexp">/scanner/</span>wvsc</span><br><span class="line">sudo chmod +x <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>v_221007170<span class="regexp">/scanner/</span>wvsc</span><br><span class="line">sudo rm <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>data<span class="regexp">/license/</span>*</span><br><span class="line">sudo mv license_info.json <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>data<span class="regexp">/license/</span></span><br><span class="line">sudo mv wa_data.dat <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>data<span class="regexp">/license/</span></span><br><span class="line">sudo chown acunetix:acunetix <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>data<span class="regexp">/license/</span>wa_data.dat</span><br><span class="line">sudo chown acunetix:acunetix <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>data<span class="regexp">/license/</span>license_info.json</span><br><span class="line">sudo chmod <span class="number">764</span> <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>data<span class="regexp">/license/</span>license_info.json</span><br><span class="line">sudo chmod <span class="number">764</span> <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>data<span class="regexp">/license/</span>wa_data.dat</span><br><span class="line">sudo chattr +i <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>data<span class="regexp">/license/</span>wa_data.dat</span><br><span class="line">sudo chattr +i <span class="regexp">/home/</span>acunetix<span class="regexp">/.acunetix/</span>data<span class="regexp">/license/</span>license_info.json</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>遇到的问题（缺少lib库）</p><figure class="highlight smali"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Checking os...</span><br><span class="line">Checking for dependencies...</span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libcups.so.2<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libcairo.so.2<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libpango-1.0.so.0<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libnssutil3.so<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libatk-bridge-2.0.so.0<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libnss3.so<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libXdamage.so.1<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libXfixes.so.3<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libasound.so.2<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libXrandr.so.2<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libatk-1.0.so.0<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libgbm.so.1<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libsmime3.so<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libXcomposite.so.1<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libnspr4.so<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libxkbcommon.so.0<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line"> - dependency libatspi.so.0<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span></span><br><span class="line">Some dependencies are<span class="built_in"> not </span>found on the<span class="keyword"> system</span>. Aborting installation.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>解决办法：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo apt-get install libxdamage1 libgtk-3-0 libasound2 libnss3 libxss1 libx11-xcb-dev libgbm-dev libasound2-dev</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>平时积累</title>
<link href="/posts/730b8fb7/"/>
<url>/posts/730b8fb7/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="1、重装系统"><a href="#1、重装系统" class="headerlink" title="1、重装系统"></a>1、重装系统</h1><h2 id="1-1、备份环境变量的注册表"><a href="#1-1、备份环境变量的注册表" class="headerlink" title="1.1、备份环境变量的注册表"></a>1.1、备份环境变量的注册表</h2><blockquote><p>备份环境变量的目的是让你操作系统之后不需要再去配置环境变量</p></blockquote><p><code>Win+R</code>输入<code>regedit</code></p><p>打开下面这个地址</p><p><strong>系统环境变量</strong>位置</p><p><code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment</code></p><p><strong>用户环境变量</strong>位置</p><p><code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment</code></p><p>分别<code>用户环境变量</code>和<code>系统环境变量</code>在<code>Environment</code>上右击点击<code>导出</code>就好了</p><p><strong>记得备份好，不要重装完系统备份的东西没了，重装系统之后双击就行了</strong></p><p><strong>建议将软件都装在D盘，如果你只有一个盘当我没说</strong></p><h2 id="1-2、高级玩法"><a href="#1-2、高级玩法" class="headerlink" title="1.2、高级玩法"></a>1.2、高级玩法</h2><p>不想写</p><h1 id="2、Windows安装"><a href="#2、Windows安装" class="headerlink" title="2、Windows安装"></a>2、Windows安装</h1><h2 id="2-1、Windows镜像地址"><a href="#2-1、Windows镜像地址" class="headerlink" title="2.1、Windows镜像地址"></a>2.1、Windows镜像地址</h2><p>Windows10：<a href="https://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/software-download/windows10">https://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/software-download/windows10</a></p><p>Windows11：<a href="https://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/software-download/windows11">https://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/software-download/windows11</a></p><p>也可以通过<code>Rufus</code>下载windows镜像</p><h2 id="2-2、下载和制作USB启动盘"><a href="#2-2、下载和制作USB启动盘" class="headerlink" title="2.2、下载和制作USB启动盘"></a>2.2、下载和制作USB启动盘</h2><p>Rufus - 轻松创建USB启动盘：<a href="http://rufus.ie/zh/">http://rufus.ie/zh/</a></p><h2 id="2-3、重启用U盘启动"><a href="#2-3、重启用U盘启动" class="headerlink" title="2.3、重启用U盘启动"></a>2.3、重启用U盘启动</h2><p>分区直接将c盘，esp，mbr分区删除，然后直接选中未分配的区域点下一步就行了</p><h2 id="2-4、进入系统"><a href="#2-4、进入系统" class="headerlink" title="2.4、进入系统"></a>2.4、进入系统</h2><h3 id="可选操作"><a href="#可选操作" class="headerlink" title="可选操作"></a>可选操作</h3><p>将桌面路径修改至D盘，操作过程</p><p><code>此电脑</code>—–><code>桌面</code>—–><code>属性</code>—–><code>位置</code>—–>直接将C改为D就好了</p><p>其它依次这样操作</p><h2 id="2-5、激活windows、office"><a href="#2-5、激活windows、office" class="headerlink" title="2.5、激活windows、office"></a>2.5、激活windows、office</h2><p>云萌window激活、版本转换：<a href="https://cmwtat.cloudmoe.com/cn.html">https://cmwtat.cloudmoe.com/cn.html</a></p><p>HEU_KMS_Acticator：<a href="https://github.com/zbezj/HEU_KMS_Activator">https://github.com/zbezj/HEU_KMS_Activator</a></p><p>Office Tools <a href="https://otp.landian.vip/zh-cn/">https://otp.landian.vip/zh-cn/</a></p><h1 id="3、必备软件"><a href="#3、必备软件" class="headerlink" title="3、必备软件"></a>3、必备软件</h1><h2 id="3-1、装驱动"><a href="#3-1、装驱动" class="headerlink" title="3.1、装驱动"></a>3.1、装驱动</h2><p>如果没有无线网卡，去你电脑品牌的官网下载驱动就行了，</p><h2 id="3-2、浏览器"><a href="#3-2、浏览器" class="headerlink" title="3.2、浏览器"></a>3.2、浏览器</h2><p>Edge(自带，推荐，因为可以同步)</p><p>Google Chrome(谷歌浏览器)： <a href="https://www.google.cn/chrome/index.html">https://www.google.cn/chrome/index.html</a></p><h2 id="3-3、Bandizip-解压软件"><a href="#3-3、Bandizip-解压软件" class="headerlink" title="3.3、Bandizip(解压软件)"></a>3.3、Bandizip(解压软件)</h2><p>Bandizip：<a href="http://www.bandisoft.com/">http://www.bandisoft.com/</a></p><h2 id="3-4、安全软件"><a href="#3-4、安全软件" class="headerlink" title="3.4、安全软件"></a>3.4、安全软件</h2><p>火绒安全：<a href="https://www.huorong.cn/">https://www.huorong.cn/</a></p><h2 id="3-5、截图软件"><a href="#3-5、截图软件" class="headerlink" title="3.5、截图软件"></a>3.5、截图软件</h2><p>Snipaste：<a href="https://zh.snipaste.com/">https://zh.snipaste.com/</a></p><p>Snipaste微软商店地址：<a href="https://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/p/snipaste/9p1wxpkb68kx">https://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/p/snipaste/9p1wxpkb68kx</a></p><h2 id="3-6、文本编辑软件"><a href="#3-6、文本编辑软件" class="headerlink" title="3.6、文本编辑软件"></a>3.6、文本编辑软件</h2><p>Sublime Text：<a href="http://www.sublimetext.com/">http://www.sublimetext.com/</a></p><p>notepad++：<a href="https://github.com/notepad-plus-plus/notepad-plus-plus/releases">https://github.com/notepad-plus-plus/notepad-plus-plus/releases</a></p><h2 id="3-7、Office破解版安装"><a href="#3-7、Office破解版安装" class="headerlink" title="3.7、Office破解版安装"></a>3.7、Office破解版安装</h2><p>Office Tools <a href="https://otp.landian.vip/zh-cn/">https://otp.landian.vip/zh-cn/</a></p><h1 id="4、其他软件"><a href="#4、其他软件" class="headerlink" title="4、其他软件"></a>4、其他软件</h1><h2 id="4-1、jetbrains全家桶补丁"><a href="#4-1、jetbrains全家桶补丁" class="headerlink" title="4.1、jetbrains全家桶补丁"></a>4.1、jetbrains全家桶补丁</h2><p>配合：<a href="https://jetbra.in/s">https://jetbra.in/s</a></p><p>补丁地址：<a href="https://github.com/ja-netfilter/ja-netfilter">https://github.com/ja-netfilter/ja-netfilter</a></p><p>知了大神： <a href="https://zhile.io/2021/11/29/ja-netfilter-javaagent-lib.html">https://zhile.io/2021/11/29/ja-netfilter-javaagent-lib.html</a></p><h2 id="4-2、流氓软件删除"><a href="#4-2、流氓软件删除" class="headerlink" title="4.2、流氓软件删除"></a>4.2、流氓软件删除</h2><p>SoftCnKiller高速下载器捆绑软件杀手：<a href="https://softcnkiller.blog.csdn.net/article/details/104799162?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502">https://softcnkiller.blog.csdn.net/article/details/104799162?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502</a></p><h2 id="4-3、idm补丁"><a href="#4-3、idm补丁" class="headerlink" title="4.3、idm补丁"></a>4.3、idm补丁</h2><p>补丁作者：<a href="https://ckk.ir/863/%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%84%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%a8%d9%87%d8%aa%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%86-%da%a9%d8%b1%da%a9-idm-internet-download-manager/">https://ckk.ir/863/%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%84%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%a8%d9%87%d8%aa%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%86-%da%a9%d8%b1%da%a9-idm-internet-download-manager/</a></p><p>放在idm根目录就好</p><h2 id="4-4、Clash（包括中文地址）"><a href="#4-4、Clash（包括中文地址）" class="headerlink" title="4.4、Clash（包括中文地址）"></a>4.4、Clash（包括中文地址）</h2><p>Clash_for_windows_pkg：<a href="https://archive.org/details/clash_for_windows_pkg">https://archive.org/details/clash_for_windows_pkg</a></p><p>Clash Verge <a href="https://github.com/zzzgydi/clash-verge/releases">https://github.com/zzzgydi/clash-verge/releases</a></p><p>Clash For Windows 汉化补丁和汉化脚本：<a href="https://github.com/Z-Siqi/Clash-for-Windows_Chinese">https://github.com/Z-Siqi/Clash-for-Windows_Chinese</a><br><a href="https://github.com/ender-zhao/Clash-for-Windows_Chinese">https://github.com/ender-zhao/Clash-for-Windows_Chinese</a></p><p>ClashForAndroid：<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231103071433/https://github.com/Kr328/ClashForAndroid">https://web.archive.org/web/20231103071433/https://github.com/Kr328/ClashForAndroid</a></p><pre><code> ClashMetaForAndroid：https://github.com/MetaCubeX/ClashMetaForAndroid</code></pre><h2 id="4-5、Burpsuite-pro"><a href="#4-5、Burpsuite-pro" class="headerlink" title="4.5、Burpsuite_pro"></a>4.5、Burpsuite_pro</h2><p>BurpLoaderKeygen: Burp Suite Pro Loader & Keygen：<a href="https://github.com/h3110w0r1d-y/BurpLoaderKeygen">https://github.com/h3110w0r1d-y/BurpLoaderKeygen</a></p><h2 id="4-6、M3U8视频下载"><a href="#4-6、M3U8视频下载" class="headerlink" title="4.6、M3U8视频下载"></a>4.6、M3U8视频下载</h2><p>M3U8批量下载器：<a href="https://www.52pojie.cn/thread-1374045-1-1.html">https://www.52pojie.cn/thread-1374045-1-1.html</a></p><h1 id="5、网站一键安装脚本"><a href="#5、网站一键安装脚本" class="headerlink" title="5、网站一键安装脚本"></a>5、网站一键安装脚本</h1><p>自动安装 - OneinStack：<a href="https://oneinstack.com/auto/">https://oneinstack.com/auto/</a></p><p>LNMP一键安装包：<a href="https://lnmp.org/">https://lnmp.org/</a></p><p>宝塔：<a href="https://www.bt.cn/">https://www.bt.cn</a></p><h1 id="6、Linux"><a href="#6、Linux" class="headerlink" title="6、Linux"></a>6、Linux</h1><p>一键更换国内软件源 :<a href="https://github.com/SuperManito/LinuxMirrors">https://github.com/SuperManito/LinuxMirrors</a></p><h1 id="7、配置wls2-与windows主机的连通性"><a href="#7、配置wls2-与windows主机的连通性" class="headerlink" title="7、配置wls2 与windows主机的连通性"></a>7、配置wls2 与windows主机的连通性</h1><p>powershell 管理员运行</p><figure class="highlight powershell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">New-NetFirewallRule</span> <span class="literal">-DisplayName</span> <span class="string">"WSL"</span> <span class="literal">-Direction</span> Inbound <span class="literal">-InterfaceAlias</span> <span class="string">"vEthernet (WSL)"</span> <span class="literal">-Action</span> Allow</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>如果还不能ping通说明windows 主机拒绝了icmp报文</p><h3 id="配置防火墙规则"><a href="#配置防火墙规则" class="headerlink" title="配置防火墙规则"></a>配置防火墙规则</h3><p>入站规则—><code>核心网络诊断-ICMP回显请求(ICMPv4-In)</code>勾选启用就行了</p><h3 id="clash-for-windows-设置"><a href="#clash-for-windows-设置" class="headerlink" title="clash for windows 设置"></a>clash for windows 设置</h3><p>打开 Allow LAN，</p><p>在wsl中环境变量，统计下面代码，添加到<code>.bashrc</code>这个文件最后，</p><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">port=25648</span><br><span class="line">hostip=$(<span class="built_in">cat</span> /etc/resolv.conf | grep nameserver | awk <span class="string">'{ print $2 }'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># setp是设置代理的命令，可以自定义</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">alias</span> setp=<span class="string">'export https_proxy="http://${hostip}:${port}";export http_proxy="http://${hostip}:${port}";export all_proxy="socks5://${hostip}:${port}";export ALL_PROXY="socks5://${hostip}:${port}";echo "set proxy:";env|grep -i proxy'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># unsetp是取消代理的命令，可以自定义</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">alias</span> unsetp=<span class="string">'unset https_proxy; unset http_proxy; unset all_proxy; unset ALL_PROXY;echo "clear proxy:";env|grep -i proxy'</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="8、小工具"><a href="#8、小工具" class="headerlink" title="8、小工具"></a>8、小工具</h1><p>查看自己代理ip</p><p><a href="http://23.80.5.90/ip.php">http://23.80.5.90/ip.php</a></p><p>查看电脑出口公网ip</p><p><a href="http://www.cip.cc/">http://www.cip.cc/</a></p><p><a href="https://tool.lu/netcard/">https://tool.lu/netcard/</a></p><h1 id="9、直播录屏软件"><a href="#9、直播录屏软件" class="headerlink" title="9、直播录屏软件"></a>9、直播录屏软件</h1><p><code>Open Broadcaster Software | OBS</code></p><figure class="highlight dts"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="symbol">https:</span><span class="comment">//obsproject.com</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="10、流氓垃圾软件清理工具"><a href="#10、流氓垃圾软件清理工具" class="headerlink" title="10、流氓垃圾软件清理工具"></a>10、流氓垃圾软件清理工具</h1><p>清理工具<code>SoftCnKiller高速下载器捆绑软件杀手</code></p><figure class="highlight awk"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">https:<span class="regexp">//</span>blog.csdn.net<span class="regexp">/hfhbutn/</span>article<span class="regexp">/details/</span><span class="number">104799162</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>免疫工具<code>小鱼儿yr系统封装优化设置辅助工具</code></p><figure class="highlight dts"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="symbol">https:</span><span class="comment">//www.yrxitong.com/h-nd-100.html</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> 分享 </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 工具 </tag>
<tag> 教程 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>proxy_pool搭建过程</title>
<link href="/posts/62eac934/"/>
<url>/posts/62eac934/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>一、使用docker搭建一个redis</p><figure class="highlight dockerfile"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker pull redis</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">docker <span class="keyword">run</span><span class="language-bash"> -p 6379:6379 --name myredis -v D:/Docker/redis/:/etc/redis/ -d redis redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf --appendonly no</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>二、配置proxy_pool中的setting</p><p><img src="/proxy-pool%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%5Cimage-20211225212641539.webp" alt="a"></p><p>三、拉取proxy_pool</p><figure class="highlight dockerfile"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker pull jhao104/proxy_pool</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 命令报错，docker是一个虚拟环境,127.0.0.1和localhost指的是虚拟环境内部,而不是外部宿主机,所以无法这样访问.</span></span><br><span class="line">docker <span class="keyword">run</span><span class="language-bash"> --<span class="built_in">env</span> DB_CONN=redis://:password@ip:port/0 -p 5010:5010 jhao104/proxy_pool</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 使用下面命令</span></span><br><span class="line">docker <span class="keyword">run</span><span class="language-bash"> --<span class="built_in">env</span> DB_CONN=redis://:@host.docker.internal:6379/0 -p 5010:5010 jhao104/proxy_pool</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">对于mac和windows,可以使用host.docker.internal替换<span class="number">127.0</span>.<span class="number">0.1</span></span><br><span class="line">如 mongodb://host.docker.internal:<span class="number">27017</span></span><br><span class="line">对于Linux可以采用如下方案(后续应该也可以用上面的方案,但是当前docker还没有修改此问题):</span><br><span class="line">创建一个桥接网络</span><br><span class="line">下面的localNet是网络名字,可自行修改;</span><br><span class="line">关于<span class="number">192.168</span>.<span class="number">0.0</span>这个子网,也可以自行定义.</span><br><span class="line">默认按照下面的命令,执行后将可以通过<span class="number">192.168</span>.<span class="number">0.1</span>访问宿主机.</span><br><span class="line">docker network create -d bridge --subnet <span class="number">192.168</span>.<span class="number">0.0</span>/<span class="number">24</span> --gateway <span class="number">192.168</span>.<span class="number">0.1</span> localNet</span><br><span class="line">使用<span class="number">192.168</span>.<span class="number">0.1</span>替换<span class="number">127.0</span>.<span class="number">0.1</span>,如mongodb://<span class="number">192.168</span>.<span class="number">0.1</span>:<span class="number">27017</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>安装PicGo中的picgo-plugin-compress插件</title>
<link href="/posts/4c3fd5bc/"/>
<url>/posts/4c3fd5bc/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>下载PigGo</p><p><img src="/%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85PicGo%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84picgo-plugin-compress%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6/image-20211217233444390.webp" alt="image-20211217233444390"></p><p>在PigGo的更目录执行下面命令</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install picgo-plugin-compress --save --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>如果报错下面信息那就这些这个命令</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npmmirror.com</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">cnpm install picgo-plugin-compress --save</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85PicGo%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84picgo-plugin-compress%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6/image-20211217234115720.webp"></p><p>然后在PicGo里面配置就好了，点击启用transformer-compress</p><p><img src="/%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85PicGo%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84picgo-plugin-compress%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6/image-20211217234439905.webp" alt="image-20211217234439905"></p>]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>python多态</title>
<link href="/posts/d2b9d54/"/>
<url>/posts/d2b9d54/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- Codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021-11-27 下午 1:43</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : object09.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Software : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># class Person:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def __init__(self, name):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># self.name = name</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def eat(self):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('---------->eat1')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def eat(self, food):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('----------->eat：', food)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># p = Person('jack')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># p.eat('肉丸子')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> inspect</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Base</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">test</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------base'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">A</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Base</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">test</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'AAAAAAAAAA'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">B</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Base</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">test</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'BBBBBBBBBB'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">C</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Base</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">test</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'CCCCCCCCCC'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">D</span>(A, B, C):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">pass</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># c = C()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># c.test()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># c.test1()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># c.test2()</span></span><br><span class="line">d = D()</span><br><span class="line">d.test()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(inspect.getmro(D))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(D.__mro__)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">python允许多继承</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">def 子类（父类1，父类2）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pas</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">如果父类有相同方法名称，搜索顺序是，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">自己-父类1-父类2。。。。-父类中的父类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- Codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021-11-27 下午 2:17</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : object10.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Software : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 多继承的搜索顺序，经典类，新式类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">P1</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">foo</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'p1====foo'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">bar</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'p1------bar'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">P2</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">foo</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'p2------.foo'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">C1</span>(P1, P2):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">pass</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">C2</span>(P1, P2):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">bar</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'C2====bar'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">D1</span>(C1, C2):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">pass</span></span><br><span class="line">d = D1()</span><br><span class="line">d.foo()</span><br><span class="line">d.bar()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(D1.__mro__)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br><span class="line">110</span><br><span class="line">111</span><br><span class="line">112</span><br><span class="line">113</span><br><span class="line">114</span><br><span class="line">115</span><br><span class="line">116</span><br><span class="line">117</span><br><span class="line">118</span><br><span class="line">119</span><br><span class="line">120</span><br><span class="line">121</span><br><span class="line">122</span><br><span class="line">123</span><br><span class="line">124</span><br><span class="line">125</span><br><span class="line">126</span><br><span class="line">127</span><br><span class="line">128</span><br><span class="line">129</span><br><span class="line">130</span><br><span class="line">131</span><br><span class="line">132</span><br><span class="line">133</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- Codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021-11-27 下午 2:40</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : object11.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Software : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">私有化：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> __age</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def __show(self):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> --->__类名__属性</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 私有化：封装 将属性私有化，定义公有set和get方法</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def setAge(self, age):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 判断</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def getAge(self):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> return self.__age</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> s.setAge(20)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> s.getAge()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> class Studnt:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def __init__(self,age):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> self.__age=age</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> @property</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def age(self):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> return ...</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> @age.setter</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def age(self,age):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> self.__age=age</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> s = student()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> s.age = 10</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> print(s.age)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 继承：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> has a</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> class Student：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def __init__(self,name,book):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> is a # 真正的继承</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 父类 子类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> class Person:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> class Student(Person):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> ...</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def study(self):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> ...</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> s = Student()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> s.study()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 1.__init__</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 2.重写方法</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 多继承：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> class A:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> class B:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> class C(A,B):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> python3使用新式类：广度优先</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> python2使用经典类：深度优先</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 查看搜索顺序</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> C.__mor__</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> import inspect</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> priny(inspect.getmro(C))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 面向对象的特点：多态 封装 继承</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Person</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self, name</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.name = name</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">feed_pet</span>(<span class="params">self, pet</span>): <span class="comment"># pet既可以接受cat，也可以接受dog，还可以接收tiger</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 其他语言的多态只能传一个类的子类</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 如果传入的pet参数是Pet类型为真</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># isinstance(obj,类) ----->判断obj是不是类的对象或者判断obj是不是该子类的对象</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="built_in">isinstance</span>(pet, Pet):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'{}喜欢养宠物{}，昵称是{}'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(<span class="variable language_">self</span>.name, pet.role, pet.nickname))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'不是宠物类型。。。。'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Pet</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> role = <span class="string">''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self, nickname, age</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.nickname = nickname</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.age = age</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">show</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'昵称：{}，年龄：{}'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(<span class="variable language_">self</span>.nickname, <span class="variable language_">self</span>.age))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Cat</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Pet</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> role = <span class="string">'猫'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">catch_mouse</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'抓老鼠....'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Dog</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Pet</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> role = <span class="string">'狗'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">whach_house</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'看家高手....'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Tiger</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">eat</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'太可怕了，能吃人'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 创建对象</span></span><br><span class="line">cat = Cat(<span class="string">'花花'</span>, <span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line">dog = Dog(<span class="string">'大黄'</span>, <span class="number">4</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">person = Person(<span class="string">'小明'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">person.feed_pet(cat)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'-------------'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">person = Person(<span class="string">'小花'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">person.feed_pet(Tiger)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">pet 父类 cat dog 子类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">pet 大类型 cat </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight ruby"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">回顾：</span><br><span class="line">面向对象的特点：</span><br><span class="line">封装，继承，多态</span><br><span class="line">封装：</span><br><span class="line">私有化属性：定义公有的set和get方法</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Student</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params"><span class="variable language_">self</span></span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.__age=age</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable">@property</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">age</span>(<span class="params"><span class="variable language_">self</span></span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.__age</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable">@age</span>.setter 装饰器，防止下面将上面覆盖</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">age</span>(<span class="params"><span class="variable language_">self</span>,age</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.__age=age</span><br><span class="line">s = <span class="title class_">Student</span>()</span><br><span class="line">s.age = <span class="number">10</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">继承：</span><br><span class="line">父类中私有的，子类无法继承</span><br><span class="line">is <span class="symbol">a:</span></span><br><span class="line"> 父类 子类</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Student</span>(<span class="title class_">Person</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> pass</span><br><span class="line">has <span class="symbol">a:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Student</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params"><span class="variable language_">self</span>,book,computer</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> book是自定义类型 --- 系统类型</span><br><span class="line"> s = <span class="title class_">Student</span>()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">多继承：</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> C(A,B):</span><br><span class="line"> pass</span><br><span class="line">广度优先 从上到下</span><br><span class="line">查看搜索顺序</span><br><span class="line">C.__mro__</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">多态：</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Person</span>：</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">feed_pet</span>(<span class="params"><span class="variable language_">self</span>,cat</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> isinstance(pet,<span class="title class_">Pet</span>)判断参数是否是哪个类</span><br><span class="line"> pass</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- Codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021-12-17 下午 11:58</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : test.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Software : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Person</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.__money = <span class="number">200</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.name = <span class="string">'匿名'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">show1</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="variable language_">self</span>.name, <span class="variable language_">self</span>.__money)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Studen</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Person</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">super</span>().__init__()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">super</span>(Studen, <span class="variable language_">self</span>).__init__()</span><br><span class="line"> Person().__init__()<span class="comment"># 用的少</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.__money = <span class="number">100</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">show</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'money:'</span>, <span class="variable language_">self</span>.__money)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">s = Studen()</span><br><span class="line">s.show()</span><br><span class="line">s.show1()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>IntelliJ IDEA 2021.3、PyCharm永久激活</title>
<link href="/posts/366baac0/"/>
<url>/posts/366baac0/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h1><blockquote><p>今天我安装PyCharm和IDEA的时候专业版的时候发现之前的激活方法已经失效了，于是，我花了两个小时在网上找到了。两种插件激活方法，这两种都是比较新的，</p><p>第一个插件<code>FineAgent</code>（作者好像把这项目停了，但是还可以使用）</p><p>第二种<code>ja-netfilter</code>Z大开发的（2021.11.30号发布） </p><p>接下来我就以Z大的插件来写一个教程</p></blockquote><h2 id="插件地址：热心大佬，随便选择一个进入"><a href="#插件地址：热心大佬，随便选择一个进入" class="headerlink" title="插件地址：热心大佬，随便选择一个进入"></a><a href="https://jetbra.in/s">插件地址：热心大佬</a>，随便选择一个进入</h2><p> <img src="/jetbrains/image-20220727183739894.png" alt="image-20220727183739894"></p><h2 id="如果不能进入，按照下面操作进入"><a href="#如果不能进入，按照下面操作进入" class="headerlink" title="如果不能进入，按照下面操作进入"></a>如果不能进入，按照下面操作进入</h2><p> <img src="/jetbrains/image-20220727183848825.png" alt="image-20220727183848825"></p><h2 id="最后下载左上角这个文件，解压到你想安装的目录，记住这个目录"><a href="#最后下载左上角这个文件，解压到你想安装的目录，记住这个目录" class="headerlink" title="最后下载左上角这个文件，解压到你想安装的目录，记住这个目录"></a>最后下载左上角这个文件，解压到你想安装的目录，记住这个目录</h2><p> <img src="/jetbrains/image-20220727183720681.png" alt="image-20220727183720681"></p><h1 id="1、在jetbrains的官网下载并安装PyCharm或idea"><a href="#1、在jetbrains的官网下载并安装PyCharm或idea" class="headerlink" title="1、在jetbrains的官网下载并安装PyCharm或idea"></a>1、在jetbrains的官网下载并安装PyCharm或idea</h1><blockquote><p><a href="https://www.jetbrains.com/">https://www.jetbrains.com/</a></p></blockquote><h1 id="2、安装应用程序"><a href="#2、安装应用程序" class="headerlink" title="2、安装应用程序"></a>2、安装应用程序</h1><p>1）安装之后找到<code>bin</code>目录下以<code>*.exe.vmoptions</code>结尾的文件（例如<code>idea64.exe.vmoptions</code>），以记事本打开，在最后一行添加</p><p>2）如果之前已经安装好那么在<code>C:\Users\[用户名]\AppData\Roaming\JetBrains</code>目录下找以<code>*.exe.vmoptions</code>结尾的文件（例如<code>idea64.exe.vmoptions</code>）</p><figure class="highlight stylus"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">--add-opens</span>=java.base/jdk<span class="selector-class">.internal</span><span class="selector-class">.org</span><span class="selector-class">.objectweb</span>.asm=ALL-UNNAMED</span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">--add-opens</span>=java.base/jdk<span class="selector-class">.internal</span><span class="selector-class">.org</span><span class="selector-class">.objectweb</span><span class="selector-class">.asm</span>.tree=ALL-UNNAMED</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#注意下面路径填写你之前下载文件的解压路径，加载ja-netfilter<span class="selector-class">.jar</span></span><br><span class="line">-javaagent:D:/Program Files/JetBrains/ja-netfilter/ja-netfilter.jar=jetbrains</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="3、然后在上面下载插件的那个地址复制对应软件的激活码就好了"><a href="#3、然后在上面下载插件的那个地址复制对应软件的激活码就好了" class="headerlink" title="3、然后在上面下载插件的那个地址复制对应软件的激活码就好了"></a>3、然后在上面下载插件的那个地址复制对应软件的激活码就好了</h1><p><img src="/jetbrains/image-20220727184341208.png" alt="image-20220727184341208"></p><h1 id="开源地址"><a href="#开源地址" class="headerlink" title="开源地址"></a>开源地址</h1><h2 id="ja-netfilter"><a href="#ja-netfilter" class="headerlink" title="ja-netfilter"></a><a href="https://gitee.com/ja-netfilter/ja-netfilter">ja-netfilter</a></h2><h2 id="插件作者：Z大-知了"><a href="#插件作者：Z大-知了" class="headerlink" title="插件作者：Z大(知了)"></a><a href="https://zhile.io/">插件作者：Z大(知了)</a></h2>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> 教程 </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 激活 </tag>
<tag> ider </tag>
<tag> Pycharm </tag>
<tag> jetbrains </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>base64解码</title>
<link href="/posts/c539f933/"/>
<url>/posts/c539f933/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>base64解码</p><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> base64</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">container = <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">r'base.txt'</span>, <span class="string">'rt'</span>, encoding=<span class="string">'utf-8'</span>).read()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> <span class="number">1</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> container = base64.b64decode(container)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="string">' '</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">str</span>(container):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">str</span>(container))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="string">'{'</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">str</span>(container):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">str</span>(container))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="string">'flag'</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">str</span>(container):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">str</span>(container))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="string">'ctf'</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">str</span>(container):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">str</span>(container))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 工具 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>邮件测试</title>
<link href="/posts/b57f2192/"/>
<url>/posts/b57f2192/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>邮件测试</p><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> requests</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> smtplib</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> email.mime.text <span class="keyword">import</span> MIMEText</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> email.utils <span class="keyword">import</span> formataddr</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">my_sender = <span class="string">'wa.ns@qq.com'</span> <span class="comment"># 发件人邮箱账号</span></span><br><span class="line">my_pass = <span class="string">'afgbznymvzbkjhee'</span> <span class="comment"># 发件人邮箱密码</span></span><br><span class="line">my_user = <span class="string">'wa.ns@qq.com'</span> <span class="comment"># 收件人邮箱账号，我这边发送给自己</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">get_status</span>(<span class="params">**kwargs</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 调用一言一句话</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">YiYan</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> data = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'c'</span>: <span class="string">'j'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'encode'</span>: <span class="string">'text'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'charset'</span>: <span class="string">'utf-8'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> HitokotoUrl = <span class="string">'https://v1.hitokoto.cn/'</span></span><br><span class="line"> YiJvHua = requests.get(url=HitokotoUrl, params=(data)).text</span><br><span class="line"> url_google = <span class="string">'http://xy1314.xyz/API/Google/api.php?msg={}&b=en'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(YiJvHua)</span><br><span class="line"> translation = requests.get(url_google).text</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> YiJvHua + <span class="string">'<br>'</span> + translation</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 调用PushPlus</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">PushPlus</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> translation = YiYan()</span><br><span class="line"> send = translation</span><br><span class="line"> text = <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <p>哥哥帮你打卡成功了呦！！送哥哥一句话：</p></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <p align="right">{}</p></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> """</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(send)</span><br><span class="line"> data = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"title"</span>: <span class="string">"我在校园"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"content"</span>: <span class="string">"{}"</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(text),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"template"</span>: <span class="string">"json"</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> PushPlus_Url = <span class="string">"http://pushplus.hxtrip.com/send?token=35f8b520a9be4e2883d2681870b0fe37"</span></span><br><span class="line"> result = requests.get(PushPlus_Url, params=(data)).text</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> result + text</span><br><span class="line"> text = <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <p>哥哥帮你打卡成功了呦！！送哥哥一句话：</p></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> <p align="right">{}</p></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> """</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(YiYan())</span><br><span class="line"> PushPlus()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> text</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">mail</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> ret = <span class="literal">True</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> msg = MIMEText(get_status())</span><br><span class="line"> msg[<span class="string">'From'</span>] = formataddr([<span class="string">"神秘人"</span>, my_sender]) <span class="comment"># 括号里的对应发件人邮箱昵称、发件人邮箱账号</span></span><br><span class="line"> msg[<span class="string">'To'</span>] = formataddr([<span class="string">"FK"</span>, my_user]) <span class="comment"># 括号里的对应收件人邮箱昵称、收件人邮箱账号</span></span><br><span class="line"> msg[<span class="string">'Subject'</span>] = <span class="string">"神秘邮件"</span> <span class="comment"># 邮件的主题，也可以说是标题</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(<span class="string">"smtp.qq.com"</span>, <span class="number">465</span>) <span class="comment"># 发件人邮箱中的SMTP服务器，端口是25</span></span><br><span class="line"> server.login(my_sender, my_pass) <span class="comment"># 括号中对应的是发件人邮箱账号、邮箱密码</span></span><br><span class="line"> server.sendmail(my_sender, [my_user, ], msg.as_string()) <span class="comment"># 括号中对应的是发件人邮箱账号、收件人邮箱账号、发送邮件</span></span><br><span class="line"> server.quit() <span class="comment"># 关闭连接</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">except</span> Exception: <span class="comment"># 如果 try 中的语句没有执行，则会执行下面的 ret=False</span></span><br><span class="line"> ret = <span class="literal">False</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">True</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ret = mail()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> ret:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"邮件发送成功"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"邮件发送失败"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 工具 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>大小写转换脚本</title>
<link href="/posts/8401e43a/"/>
<url>/posts/8401e43a/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="大小写转换脚本"><a href="#大小写转换脚本" class="headerlink" title="大小写转换脚本"></a>大小写转换脚本</h1><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'大小写转换脚本'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">str1 = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'请输入你要转换的字符：'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">re = <span class="built_in">int</span>(<span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'将字符串全部转换为大写请按1，反之按2：'</span>))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> re == <span class="number">1</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(str1.upper())</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> re == <span class="number">2</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(str1.lower())</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> ctf工具 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>埃特巴什码</title>
<link href="/posts/e37c0862/"/>
<url>/posts/e37c0862/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="埃特巴什码"><a href="#埃特巴什码" class="headerlink" title="埃特巴什码"></a>埃特巴什码</h1><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">DIC_LOWER = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"</span><br><span class="line">DIC_UPPER = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"</span><br><span class="line">DIC_LOWER_RE = DIC_LOWER[::-1]</span><br><span class="line">DIC_UPPER_RE = DIC_UPPER[::-1]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">加密算法</span></span><br><span class="line">def encrypt_atbash(string):</span><br><span class="line"> ciphertext = ""</span><br><span class="line"> for i in string:</span><br><span class="line"> if i in DIC_LOWER:</span><br><span class="line"> ciphertext += DIC_LOWER_RE[DIC_LOWER.index(i)]</span><br><span class="line"> elif i in DIC_UPPER:</span><br><span class="line"> ciphertext += DIC_UPPER_RE[DIC_UPPER.index(i)]</span><br><span class="line"> else:</span><br><span class="line"> ciphertext += i</span><br><span class="line"> return ciphertext</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">解密算法</span></span><br><span class="line">def decrypt_atbash(string):</span><br><span class="line"> plaintext = ""</span><br><span class="line"> for i in string:</span><br><span class="line"> if i in DIC_LOWER_RE:</span><br><span class="line"> plaintext += DIC_LOWER[DIC_LOWER_RE.index(i)]</span><br><span class="line"> elif i in DIC_UPPER:</span><br><span class="line"> plaintext += DIC_UPPER[DIC_UPPER_RE.index(i)]</span><br><span class="line"> else:</span><br><span class="line"> plaintext += i</span><br><span class="line"> return plaintext</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">if __name__ == '__main__':</span><br><span class="line"> Key_Word = input("请输入要解埃特巴什码编码：")</span><br><span class="line"> ciphertext_ = encrypt_atbash(Key_Word)</span><br><span class="line"> plaintext_ = decrypt_atbash(ciphertext_)</span><br><span class="line"> print(ciphertext_)</span><br><span class="line"> print(plaintext_)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> ctf工具 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>我在校园2.5python</title>
<link href="/posts/387075cf/"/>
<url>/posts/387075cf/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="📲-我在校园打卡-Python"><a href="#📲-我在校园打卡-Python" class="headerlink" title="📲 我在校园打卡(Python)"></a>📲 我在校园打卡(Python)</h1><p>新版本我在校园取消了原来的token鉴权机制，改为JWSESSION进行鉴权。</p><p>我结合两个位大神的程序更改了一下源代码实现了以下功能</p><h2 id="😊目前实现"><a href="#😊目前实现" class="headerlink" title="😊目前实现"></a>😊目前实现</h2><ul><li><input checked="" disabled="" type="checkbox"> 使用自动登录的方式获取jwsession值，将jwsession储存在leanCloud </li><li><input checked="" disabled="" type="checkbox"> 增加了一言一句话，调用google翻译的api来翻译一言一句话（心灵鸡汤😂）</li><li><input checked="" disabled="" type="checkbox"> 使用PushPlus每天自动发送告诉你是否打卡成功邮件</li></ul><h2 id="🚩准备工作"><a href="#🚩准备工作" class="headerlink" title="🚩准备工作"></a>🚩准备工作</h2><p>纯python编写，需要安装第三方库<code>requests</code> <code>leancloud</code></p><h2 id="🌕依赖安装（本地测试，也可以不测试，之间上传）"><a href="#🌕依赖安装（本地测试，也可以不测试，之间上传）" class="headerlink" title="🌕依赖安装（本地测试，也可以不测试，之间上传）"></a>🌕依赖安装（本地测试，也可以不测试，之间上传）</h2><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple requests</span><br><span class="line">pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple leancloud</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="👌开始"><a href="#👌开始" class="headerlink" title="👌开始"></a>👌开始</h2><h3 id="1-获取-PushPlus-的-token"><a href="#1-获取-PushPlus-的-token" class="headerlink" title="1. 获取 PushPlus 的 token"></a>1. 获取 PushPlus 的 token</h3><p>微信搜索公众号“pushplus 推送加”，关注后即可生成属于自己的 token，后面需要用到</p><h3 id="2-注册leanCloud"><a href="#2-注册leanCloud" class="headerlink" title="2.注册leanCloud"></a>2.注册leanCloud</h3><p>1）<a href="https://console.leancloud.cn/apps">注册 leanCloud 账号</a></p><p>2）到控制台新建应用，应用名字随意，应用版本选择 <strong>开发版</strong></p><p>3）进入应用，点击左侧的“数据存储 ➡ 结构化数据”，新建 Class：名称为“Info”，Class 访问权限为“所有用户”，下面的 ACL 权限选择“限制写入”</p><p>4）进入刚才创建的 Class，添加新列，值为“jwsession”，之后添加新行，注意这时候 objectId 会有一个值。如果你知道如何抓包获取自己的 jwsession，则可以填入 jwsession 值，否则可以随便填。</p><p>5）点击左侧的“设置 ➡ 应用凭证”，记住 appId 和 masterKey（<strong>请务必自己保管好，不要泄露</strong>） 的值，待会需要用到</p><h4 id="3-创建云函数"><a href="#3-创建云函数" class="headerlink" title="3. 创建云函数"></a>3. 创建云函数</h4><p>1）注册腾讯云账号并登录，进行实名认证</p><p>2）到 <a href="https://console.cloud.tencent.com/scf/list?rid=1&ns=default">https://console.cloud.tencent.com/scf/list?rid=1&ns=default</a> ，选择 “新建云函数” ➔ “自定义创建”，提交方法，可以直接在线编辑然后将代码复制里面，然后点击完成就创建好了</p><h4 id="4-修改配置文件"><a href="#4-修改配置文件" class="headerlink" title="4. 修改配置文件"></a>4. 修改配置文件</h4><p>到刚才新创建的云函数中，打开代码配置文件进行修改。</p><p>1）“我在校园”账号配置项说明：</p><ul><li><code>username</code>：“我在校园”的账号，一般是你的手机号码</li><li><code>password</code>：“我在校园”的密码，忘记了打开小程序重新设置就行</li><li><code>temperature</code>：默认上报的体温为 36°C，如果你想随机上报体温，请以“36~38”的形式填写</li><li><code>city</code>：你学校所在的城市</li><li><code>school</code>：你学校的名字</li></ul><p>2）“pushPlus” 账号配置项说明：</p><ul><li><code>isEnable</code>：默认 <code>false</code>，表示不开启消息提醒功能，若要开启请修改为 <code>true</code></li><li><code>notifyToken</code>：之前你从 pushPlus 公众号那里获取的 token</li></ul><p>3）“leanCloud” 账号配置项说明：</p><ul><li><code>appId</code>：之前在 leanCloud 获取的 appId</li><li><code>masterKey</code>：之前在 leanCloud 获取的 masterKey</li></ul><h4 id="5-安装-leanCloud-库"><a href="#5-安装-leanCloud-库" class="headerlink" title="5. 安装 leanCloud 库"></a>5. 安装 leanCloud 库</h4><p>到刚才新创建的云函数中，<code>ctrl + shift + ~</code> 新建终端，cd 进入 <code>index.py</code> 所在的文件夹中，通过如下命令安装 leanCloud 库：</p><figure class="highlight cmake"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pip3 <span class="keyword">install</span> leancloud -t .</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>可能会报错，主要是因为相关库版本不匹配的问题，不影响正常使用。看到 <code>successfully installed</code> 就说明安装成功了。</p><h2 id="代码段-云函数"><a href="#代码段-云函数" class="headerlink" title="代码段(云函数)"></a>代码段(云函数)</h2><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br><span class="line">110</span><br><span class="line">111</span><br><span class="line">112</span><br><span class="line">113</span><br><span class="line">114</span><br><span class="line">115</span><br><span class="line">116</span><br><span class="line">117</span><br><span class="line">118</span><br><span class="line">119</span><br><span class="line">120</span><br><span class="line">121</span><br><span class="line">122</span><br><span class="line">123</span><br><span class="line">124</span><br><span class="line">125</span><br><span class="line">126</span><br><span class="line">127</span><br><span class="line">128</span><br><span class="line">129</span><br><span class="line">130</span><br><span class="line">131</span><br><span class="line">132</span><br><span class="line">133</span><br><span class="line">134</span><br><span class="line">135</span><br><span class="line">136</span><br><span class="line">137</span><br><span class="line">138</span><br><span class="line">139</span><br><span class="line">140</span><br><span class="line">141</span><br><span class="line">142</span><br><span class="line">143</span><br><span class="line">144</span><br><span class="line">145</span><br><span class="line">146</span><br><span class="line">147</span><br><span class="line">148</span><br><span class="line">149</span><br><span class="line">150</span><br><span class="line">151</span><br><span class="line">152</span><br><span class="line">153</span><br><span class="line">154</span><br><span class="line">155</span><br><span class="line">156</span><br><span class="line">157</span><br><span class="line">158</span><br><span class="line">159</span><br><span class="line">160</span><br><span class="line">161</span><br><span class="line">162</span><br><span class="line">163</span><br><span class="line">164</span><br><span class="line">165</span><br><span class="line">166</span><br><span class="line">167</span><br><span class="line">168</span><br><span class="line">169</span><br><span class="line">170</span><br><span class="line">171</span><br><span class="line">172</span><br><span class="line">173</span><br><span class="line">174</span><br><span class="line">175</span><br><span class="line">176</span><br><span class="line">177</span><br><span class="line">178</span><br><span class="line">179</span><br><span class="line">180</span><br><span class="line">181</span><br><span class="line">182</span><br><span class="line">183</span><br><span class="line">184</span><br><span class="line">185</span><br><span class="line">186</span><br><span class="line">187</span><br><span class="line">188</span><br><span class="line">189</span><br><span class="line">190</span><br><span class="line">191</span><br><span class="line">192</span><br><span class="line">193</span><br><span class="line">194</span><br><span class="line">195</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- Codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/11/5 8:12</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : 健康打卡2.5.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Software : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> json</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> logging</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> random</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> requests</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> time</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> datetime</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> leancloud</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 将你的账号和密码写在下面引号内</span></span><br><span class="line">username = <span class="string">""</span></span><br><span class="line">password = <span class="string">""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 修改此处token值，打开官网扫码点击一对一就可以看见token值：http://www.pushplus.plus/ 将获取到的token值填写在下面引号内</span></span><br><span class="line">token = <span class="string">''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># leancloud的appId和key值</span></span><br><span class="line">appId = <span class="string">""</span></span><br><span class="line">masterKey = <span class="string">""</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">logger = logging.getLogger()</span><br><span class="line">logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">leanCloudss</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 初始化 leanCloud 对象</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> leancloud.init(appId, master_key=masterKey)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.obj = leancloud.Query(<span class="string">'Info'</span>).first()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 获取 jwsession</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">getJwsession</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.obj.get(<span class="string">'jwsession'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 设置 jwsession</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">setJwsession</span>(<span class="params">self, jwsession</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.obj.<span class="built_in">set</span>(<span class="string">'jwsession'</span>, jwsession)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.obj.save()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 自动登录获取jwsession值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">WoZaiXiaoYuanPuncher</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># JWSESSION</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.jwsession = <span class="literal">None</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 打卡结果</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.status_code = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 登陆接口</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.loginUrl = <span class="string">"https://gw.wozaixiaoyuan.com/basicinfo/mobile/login/username"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 请求头</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.header = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Accept-Encoding"</span>: <span class="string">"gzip, deflate, br"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Connection"</span>: <span class="string">"keep-alive"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"User-Agent"</span>: <span class="string">"Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 15_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Mobile/15E148 MicroMessenger/8.0.13(0x18000d32) NetType/WIFI Language/zh_CN miniProgram"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Content-Type"</span>: <span class="string">"application/json;charset=UTF-8"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Content-Length"</span>: <span class="string">"2"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Host"</span>: <span class="string">"gw.wozaixiaoyuan.com"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Accept-Language"</span>: <span class="string">"en-us,en"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Accept"</span>: <span class="string">"application/json, text/plain, */*"</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 请求体（必须有）</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.body = <span class="string">"{}"</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 登录</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">login</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> url = <span class="string">f'<span class="subst">{self.loginUrl}</span>?username=<span class="subst">{username}</span>&password=<span class="subst">{password}</span>'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.session = requests.session()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 登录</span></span><br><span class="line"> response = <span class="variable language_">self</span>.session.post(url=url, data=<span class="variable language_">self</span>.body, headers=<span class="variable language_">self</span>.header)</span><br><span class="line"> res = json.loads(response.text)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> res[<span class="string">"code"</span>] == <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"使用账号信息登录成功"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> jwsession = response.headers[<span class="string">'JWSESSION'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> jwsession</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(res)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"登录失败，请检查账号信息"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.status_code = <span class="number">5</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">False</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Custom</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">pass</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 调用一言一句话</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">YiYan</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> data = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'c'</span>: <span class="string">'j'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'encode'</span>: <span class="string">'text'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'charset'</span>: <span class="string">'utf-8'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> HitokotoUrl = <span class="string">'https://v1.hitokoto.cn/'</span></span><br><span class="line"> YiJvHua = requests.get(url=HitokotoUrl, params=(data)).text</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># url_google = 'http://xy1314.xyz/API/Google/api.php?msg={}&b=en'.format(YiJvHua)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># translation = requests.get(YiJvHua).text</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> YiJvHua</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 调用PushPlus</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">PushPlus</span>(<span class="params">self, text</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> data = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"title"</span>: <span class="string">"我在校园"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"content"</span>: <span class="string">"{}"</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(text),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"template"</span>: <span class="string">"json"</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> PushPlus_Url = <span class="string">"http://www.pushplus.plus/send?token={}"</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(token)</span><br><span class="line"> result = requests.get(PushPlus_Url, params=(data)).text</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> result</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 判度是否返回的code来推送消息</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">get_status</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> Send_News = Custom()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="variable language_">self</span>[<span class="string">'code'</span>] == <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> text = <span class="string">"哥哥帮你打卡成功了呦！！送哥哥一句话：<br><br>{}"</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(Send_News.YiYan())</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> Send_News.PushPlus(text)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">elif</span> <span class="variable language_">self</span>[<span class="string">'code'</span>] == <span class="number">1</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> text = <span class="string">"健康打卡已经结束了哦！！！"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> Send_News.PushPlus(text + <span class="string">'<br>'</span> + Send_News.YiYan())</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">elif</span> <span class="variable language_">self</span>[<span class="string">'code'</span>] == -<span class="number">10</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> text = <span class="string">"···jwsession已失效"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> Send_News.PushPlus(text + <span class="string">'<br>'</span> + Send_News.YiYan())</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> text = <span class="string">"！！！发生未知错误"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> Send_News.PushPlus(text + <span class="string">'<br>'</span> + Send_News.YiYan())</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">answer</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">__init__</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.api = <span class="string">"https://student.wozaixiaoyuan.com/health/save.json"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.headers = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Host"</span>: <span class="string">"student.wozaixiaoyuan.com"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Content-Type"</span>: <span class="string">"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Accept-Encoding"</span>: <span class="string">"gzip, deflate, br"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Connection"</span>: <span class="string">"keep-alive"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 修改5：User-Agent</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"User-Agent"</span>: <span class="string">"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/53.0.2785.143 Safari/537.36 MicroMessenger/7.0.9.501 NetType/WIFI MiniProgramEnv/Windows WindowsWechat"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 修改6：Referer</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Referer"</span>: <span class="string">"https://servicewechat.com/wxce6d08f781975d91/181/page-frame.html"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"Content-Length"</span>: <span class="string">"360"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"JWSESSION"</span>: <span class="string">"{}"</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(leanCloudss().getJwsession())</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.data = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"answers"</span>: <span class="string">'["0","1","36.5","无"]'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 修改8：打卡地址</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"longitude"</span>: <span class="string">"109.02697"</span>, <span class="comment"># 经度</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"latitude"</span>: <span class="string">"32.6955"</span>, <span class="comment"># 纬度</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"country"</span>: <span class="string">"中国"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"province"</span>: <span class="string">"陕西省"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"city"</span>: <span class="string">"西安市"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"district"</span>: <span class="string">"**区"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"township"</span>: <span class="string">"**街道"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"street"</span>: <span class="string">"***路"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"areacode"</span>: <span class="string">"1111111"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">get_seq</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> current_hour = datetime.datetime.now()</span><br><span class="line"> current_hour = current_hour.hour + <span class="number">8</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="number">0</span> <= current_hour <= <span class="number">18</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">run</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"JWSESSION:"</span> + <span class="variable language_">self</span>.headers[<span class="string">"JWSESSION"</span>])</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'当前时间为：'</span>, datetime.datetime.now())</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.res = requests.post(<span class="variable language_">self</span>.api, headers=<span class="variable language_">self</span>.headers, data=<span class="variable language_">self</span>.data, ).json() <span class="comment"># 打卡提交</span></span><br><span class="line"> time.sleep(<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="variable language_">self</span>.res)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.res[<span class="string">'code'</span>] != <span class="number">0</span> <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="variable language_">self</span>.res[<span class="string">'code'</span>] != <span class="number">1</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> leanClouds().setJwsession(WoZaiXiaoYuanPuncher().login())</span><br><span class="line"> get_status(<span class="variable language_">self</span>.res)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">False</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> get_status(<span class="variable language_">self</span>.res)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">True</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> __name__ == <span class="string">"__main__"</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> answer().run():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">pass</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> answer().run()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">main_handler</span>(<span class="params">event, context</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> logger.info(<span class="string">'got event{}'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(event))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> answer().run()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="📢-声明"><a href="#📢-声明" class="headerlink" title="📢 声明"></a>📢 声明</h2><ol><li>本项目仅供编程学习/个人使用，请遵守Apache-2.0 License开源项目授权协议。</li><li>请在国家法律法规和校方相关原则下使用。</li><li>开发者不对任何下载者和使用者的任何行为负责。</li><li>本程序无任何后门，所有数据仅存留于使用者机器上。 </li><li>请不要轻易将自己的账号信息告诉他人。</li></ol>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 工具 </tag>
<tag> 校园 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>phpstudy和windows_mysql_冲突解决办法</title>
<link href="/posts/d114782d/"/>
<url>/posts/d114782d/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="1、删除自己在电脑上安装的mysql服务"><a href="#1、删除自己在电脑上安装的mysql服务" class="headerlink" title="1、删除自己在电脑上安装的mysql服务"></a>1、删除自己在电脑上安装的mysql服务</h1><p>Win+X，管理员打开windows终端然后输入命令，<code>PS：如果你没有添加mysql环境变量，那么你需要进入mysql中的bin目录里面打开终端</code></p><p><img src="/phpstudy%E5%92%8Cwindows-mysql-%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81%E8%A7%A3%E5%86%B3%E5%8A%9E%E6%B3%95/image-20211115174131632.webp" alt="image-20211115174131632"></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">先停止你的mysql服务</span></span><br><span class="line">net stop mysql</span><br><span class="line">mysqld -remove</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="2、打开phpstudy启动mysql"><a href="#2、打开phpstudy启动mysql" class="headerlink" title="2、打开phpstudy启动mysql"></a>2、打开phpstudy启动mysql</h1><p>点击启动就可以启动了</p><p><img src="/phpstudy%E5%92%8Cwindows-mysql-%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81%E8%A7%A3%E5%86%B3%E5%8A%9E%E6%B3%95/image-20211115174500274.webp" alt="image-20211115174500274"></p><h1 id="3、创建新的mysql服务，服务名称重新命名"><a href="#3、创建新的mysql服务，服务名称重新命名" class="headerlink" title="3、创建新的mysql服务，服务名称重新命名"></a>3、创建新的mysql服务，服务名称重新命名</h1><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">新建myql服务名称</span></span><br><span class="line">mysqld install sql</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">启动mysql服务，你就可以打开你原来的mysql数据库了</span></span><br><span class="line">net start slq</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> 环境问题 </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 教程 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>python魔术方法</title>
<link href="/posts/b87b8b00/"/>
<url>/posts/b87b8b00/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="python-魔术方法"><a href="#python-魔术方法" class="headerlink" title="python 魔术方法"></a>python 魔术方法</h1><h1 id="常用魔术方法"><a href="#常用魔术方法" class="headerlink" title="常用魔术方法"></a>常用魔术方法</h1><hr><blockquote><p>魔术方法就是一个类/对象中的方法，和普通方法唯一的不同时，普通方法需要调用！而魔术方法是在特定时刻自动触发。</p></blockquote><h4 id="1-init"><a href="#1-init" class="headerlink" title="1.init"></a>1.<strong>init</strong></h4><figure class="highlight crystal"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">初始化魔术方法</span><br><span class="line">触发时机：初始化对象时触发（不是实例化触发，但是和实例化在一个操作中）</span><br><span class="line">参数：至少有一个<span class="keyword">self</span>，接收对象</span><br><span class="line">返回值：无</span><br><span class="line">作用：初始化对象的成员</span><br><span class="line">注意：使用该方式初始化的成员都是直接写入对象当中，类中无法具有</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="2-new"><a href="#2-new" class="headerlink" title="2.new"></a>2.<strong>new</strong></h4><figure class="highlight asciidoc"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">实例化魔术方法</span><br><span class="line">触发时机： 在实例化对时触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：至少一个cls 接收当前类</span><br><span class="line">返回值：必须返回一个对象实例</span><br><span class="line">作用：实例化对象</span><br><span class="line">注意：实例化对象是Object类底层实现，其他类继承了Object的<span class="emphasis">__new__</span>才能够实现实例化对象。</span><br><span class="line">没事别碰这个魔术方法，先触发<span class="emphasis">__new__</span>才会触发<span class="emphasis">__init__</span> </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="3-del"><a href="#3-del" class="headerlink" title="3.del"></a>3.<strong>del</strong></h4><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">析构魔术方法</span><br><span class="line">触发时机：当对象没有用（没有任何变量引用）的时候被触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：一个<span class="variable language_">self</span> 结婚搜对象</span><br><span class="line">返回值：无</span><br><span class="line">作用：使用完对象是回收资源</span><br><span class="line">注意：<span class="keyword">del</span>不一定会触发当前方法，只有当前对象没有任何变量接收时才会触发</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="4-call"><a href="#4-call" class="headerlink" title="4.call"></a>4.<strong>call</strong></h4><figure class="highlight makefile"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">调用对象的魔术方法</span><br><span class="line"><span class="section">触发时机:将对象当作函数调用时触发 对象()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="section">参数:至少一个self接收对象，其余根据调用时参数决定</span></span><br><span class="line">返回值：根据情况而定</span><br><span class="line">作用：可以将复杂的步骤进行合并操作，减少调用的步骤，方便使用</span><br><span class="line">注意：无</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="5-len"><a href="#5-len" class="headerlink" title="5.len"></a>5.<strong>len</strong></h4><figure class="highlight lua"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机：使用<span class="built_in">len</span>(对象) 的时候触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：一个参数<span class="built_in">self</span></span><br><span class="line">返回值：必须是一个整型</span><br><span class="line">作用：可以设置为检测对象成员个数，但是也可以进行其他任意操作</span><br><span class="line">注意：返回值必须必须是整数，否则语法报错，另外该要求是格式要求。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="6-str"><a href="#6-str" class="headerlink" title="6.str"></a>6.<strong>str</strong></h4><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机:使用<span class="built_in">print</span>(对象)或者<span class="built_in">str</span>(对象)的时候触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：一个<span class="variable language_">self</span>接收对象</span><br><span class="line">返回值：必须是字符串类型</span><br><span class="line">作用：<span class="built_in">print</span>（对象时）进行操作，得到字符串，通常用于快捷操作</span><br><span class="line">注意：无</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="7-repr"><a href="#7-repr" class="headerlink" title="7.repr"></a>7.<strong>repr</strong></h4><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机:在使用<span class="built_in">repr</span>(对象)的时候触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：一个<span class="variable language_">self</span>接收对象</span><br><span class="line">返回值：必须是字符串</span><br><span class="line">作用：将对象转使用<span class="built_in">repr</span>化为字符串时使用，也可以用于快捷操作</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote><p>repr函数和str函数处理字符串只有一个区别：</p><p>str的结果 字符串本身 （结果可以被eval执行）</p><p>如：x = ‘无图言Diao’ str() ->无图言Diao</p><p>rerpr的结果 字符串定义结构 （eavl不会执行repr结果）</p><p>如：x = ‘无图言Diao’ repr() ->’无图言Diao’</p><p>备注: 在类中通常情况下__str__和__repr__ 设置相同即可</p><p>eval()</p><p>函数 将字符串当作python代码执行</p><p>格式：eval(字符串)</p><p>返回值：可以有返回值</p></blockquote><h4 id="8-bool"><a href="#8-bool" class="headerlink" title="8.bool"></a>8.<strong>bool</strong></h4><figure class="highlight gml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机: 使用<span class="built_in">bool</span>(对象)的时候触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：一个<span class="symbol">self</span>接收对象</span><br><span class="line">返回值：必须是布尔值</span><br><span class="line">作用：根据实际情况决定，可以作为快捷方式使用</span><br><span class="line">注意:仅适合于返回布尔值的操作</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="9-format"><a href="#9-format" class="headerlink" title="9.format"></a>9.<strong>format</strong></h4><figure class="highlight lua"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机：使用字符串.<span class="built_in">format</span>(对象)时候触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：一个<span class="built_in">self</span>接收对象，一个参数接收<span class="built_in">format</span>的{}中的格式，例如:><span class="number">5</span></span><br><span class="line">返回值:必须是字符串</span><br><span class="line">作用：设置对象可以作为<span class="built_in">format</span>的参数，并且自定义对象格式化的规则</span><br><span class="line">注意：无</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="描述符相关的魔术方法"><a href="#描述符相关的魔术方法" class="headerlink" title="描述符相关的魔术方法"></a>描述符相关的魔术方法</h1><hr><h4 id="1-get"><a href="#1-get" class="headerlink" title="1.get()"></a>1.<strong>get</strong>()</h4><figure class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机：在获取指定描述符操作的成员属性的值的时候触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：1描述符对象本身，2描述符描述的属性所在的对象，描述符描述的对象的类</span><br><span class="line">返回值：必须有，不然无法获取相应属性值</span><br><span class="line">注意：仅在描述符中使用</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="2-set"><a href="#2-set" class="headerlink" title="2.set()"></a>2.<strong>set</strong>()</h4><figure class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机：在设置或者添加指定描述符操作的成员属性的时候触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：1描述符对象本身，2描述符描述的属性所在的对象,3要设置的值</span><br><span class="line">返回值：无</span><br><span class="line">注意：仅在描述符中使用</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="3-delete"><a href="#3-delete" class="headerlink" title="3.delete()"></a>3.<strong>delete</strong>()</h4><figure class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机：在删除指定描述符操作的成员属性的时候触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：1描述符对象本身，2描述符描述的属性所在的对象</span><br><span class="line">返回值：无</span><br><span class="line">注意：仅在描述符中使用</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="与属性操作相关的魔术方法"><a href="#与属性操作相关的魔术方法" class="headerlink" title="与属性操作相关的魔术方法"></a>与属性操作相关的魔术方法</h1><hr><h4 id="1-getattr-（）"><a href="#1-getattr-（）" class="headerlink" title="1.__getattr__（）"></a>1.__getattr__（）</h4><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机：获取不存在的对象成员时触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：<span class="number">1</span>接收当前对象的<span class="variable language_">self</span>，一个是获取成员名称的字符串</span><br><span class="line">返回值：必须有值</span><br><span class="line">作用:为访问不存在的属性设置值</span><br><span class="line">注意：getattribute无论何时都会在<span class="built_in">getattr</span>之前触发，触发了getattribute就不会在触发<span class="built_in">getattr</span>了</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="2-setattr-（）"><a href="#2-setattr-（）" class="headerlink" title="2.__setattr__（）"></a>2.__setattr__（）</h4><figure class="highlight makefile"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="section">触发时机:设置对象成员值的时候触发</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="section">参数:1个当前对象的self,一个是要设置的成员名称字符串,一个是要设置的值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="section">返回值:无 过程操作</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="section">作用:接管设置操作,可以在设置前之前进行判断验证等行为</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="section">注意:在当前方法中无法使用成员=值的方式直接设置成员，否则会无限递归，必须借助object的设置方法来完成</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">object.__setattr__（参数1，参数2，参数3）</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="3-delattr-（）"><a href="#3-delattr-（）" class="headerlink" title="3.__delattr__（）"></a>3.__delattr__（）</h4><figure class="highlight crystal"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机：删除对象成员时触发</span><br><span class="line">参数：一个当前对象的<span class="keyword">self</span></span><br><span class="line">返回值：无</span><br><span class="line">作用:可以在删除成员时进行验证。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="4-getattribute-（）"><a href="#4-getattribute-（）" class="headerlink" title="4.__getattribute__（）"></a>4.__getattribute__（）</h4><figure class="highlight crystal"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机：使用对象成员时触发，无论成员是否存在</span><br><span class="line">参数：<span class="number">1</span>个接收当前对象<span class="keyword">self</span>，一个是获取的成员的名称字符串</span><br><span class="line">返回值：必须有</span><br><span class="line">作用：在具有封装操作（私有化时），为程序开部分访问权限使用</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="5-dir-（）"><a href="#5-dir-（）" class="headerlink" title="5.__dir__（）"></a>5.__dir__（）</h4><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">触发时机：<span class="built_in">dir</span>（对象）的时候触发</span><br><span class="line">参数:<span class="number">1</span>个接收当前对象<span class="variable language_">self</span></span><br><span class="line">返回值：必须为序列类型（列表，元组，集合等，）</span><br><span class="line">作用：可以自定义成员列表的返回值</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="运算相关魔术方法-上帝模式"><a href="#运算相关魔术方法-上帝模式" class="headerlink" title="运算相关魔术方法(上帝模式)"></a>运算相关魔术方法(上帝模式)</h1><hr><h2 id="比较运算相关魔术方法"><a href="#比较运算相关魔术方法" class="headerlink" title="比较运算相关魔术方法"></a>比较运算相关魔术方法</h2><hr><h4 id="1-lt"><a href="#1-lt" class="headerlink" title="1.lt()"></a>1.<strong>lt</strong>()</h4><figure class="highlight gml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">格式：</span><br><span class="line"> def __lt__(<span class="symbol">self</span>,<span class="symbol">other</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> 数据</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">特征：</span><br><span class="line"> 触发时机：进行小于判断时自动触发</span><br><span class="line"> 参数：<span class="number">2</span>个参数第一个是<span class="symbol">self</span>，第二个判断的第二个对象</span><br><span class="line"> 返回值：返回值可以任意类型，推荐布尔值</span><br><span class="line"> 作用：定义小于号的行为：<span class="variable language_">x</span> < <span class="variable language_">y</span> 调用 <span class="variable language_">x</span>.lt(<span class="variable language_">y</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="2-le"><a href="#2-le" class="headerlink" title="2.le()"></a>2.<strong>le</strong>()</h4><figure class="highlight gml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">格式：</span><br><span class="line"> def __le__(<span class="symbol">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> str</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">特征：</span><br><span class="line"> 触发时机：进行小于等于判断时自动触发</span><br><span class="line"> 参数：<span class="number">2</span>个参数第一个是<span class="symbol">self</span>，第二个判断的第二个对象</span><br><span class="line"> 返回值：返回值可以任意类型，推荐布尔值</span><br><span class="line"> 作用：定义小于等于号的行为：<span class="variable language_">x</span> <= <span class="variable language_">y</span> 调用 <span class="variable language_">x</span>.le(<span class="variable language_">y</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="3-gt"><a href="#3-gt" class="headerlink" title="3.gt()"></a>3.<strong>gt</strong>()</h4><figure class="highlight gml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">格式：</span><br><span class="line"> def __gt__(<span class="symbol">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> str</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">特征：</span><br><span class="line"> 触发时机：进行大于判断时自动触发</span><br><span class="line"> 参数：<span class="number">2</span>个参数第一个是<span class="symbol">self</span>，第二个判断的第二个对象</span><br><span class="line"> 返回值：返回值可以任意类型，推荐布尔值</span><br><span class="line"> 作用：定义大于号的行为：<span class="variable language_">x</span> > <span class="variable language_">y</span> 调用 <span class="variable language_">x</span>.gt(<span class="variable language_">y</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="4-ge"><a href="#4-ge" class="headerlink" title="4.ge()"></a>4.<strong>ge</strong>()</h4><figure class="highlight gml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">格式：</span><br><span class="line"> def __ge__(<span class="symbol">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> str</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">特征：</span><br><span class="line"> 触发时机：进行大于等于判断时自动触发</span><br><span class="line"> 参数：<span class="number">2</span>个参数第一个是<span class="symbol">self</span>，第二个判断的第二个对象</span><br><span class="line"> 返回值：返回值可以任意类型，推荐布尔值</span><br><span class="line"> 作用：定义大于等于号的行为：<span class="variable language_">x</span> >= <span class="variable language_">y</span> 调用 <span class="variable language_">x</span>.ge(<span class="variable language_">y</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="5-eq"><a href="#5-eq" class="headerlink" title="5.eq()"></a>5.<strong>eq</strong>()</h4><figure class="highlight gml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">格式：</span><br><span class="line"> def __eq__(<span class="symbol">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> str</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">特征：</span><br><span class="line"> 触发时机：进行等于判断时自动触发</span><br><span class="line"> 参数：<span class="number">2</span>个参数第一个是<span class="symbol">self</span>，第二个判断的第二个对象</span><br><span class="line"> 返回值：返回值可以任意类型，推荐布尔值</span><br><span class="line"> 作用：定义大于等于号的行为：<span class="variable language_">x</span> == <span class="variable language_">y</span> 调用 <span class="variable language_">x</span>.eq(<span class="variable language_">y</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="6-ne"><a href="#6-ne" class="headerlink" title="6.ne()"></a>6.<strong>ne</strong>()</h4><figure class="highlight gml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">格式：</span><br><span class="line"> def __ne__(<span class="symbol">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> str</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">特征：</span><br><span class="line"> 触发时机：进行不等于判断时自动触发</span><br><span class="line"> 参数：<span class="number">2</span>个参数第一个是<span class="symbol">self</span>，第二个判断的第二个对象</span><br><span class="line"> 返回值：返回值可以任意类型，推荐布尔值</span><br><span class="line"> 作用：定义不等号的行为：<span class="variable language_">x</span> != <span class="variable language_">y</span> 调用 <span class="variable language_">x</span>.ne(<span class="variable language_">y</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="算术运算相关魔术方法"><a href="#算术运算相关魔术方法" class="headerlink" title="算术运算相关魔术方法"></a>算术运算相关魔术方法</h2><hr><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">__add__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义加法的行为：+</span><br><span class="line">__sub__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义减法的行为：-</span><br><span class="line">__mul__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义乘法的行为：</span><br><span class="line">__truediv__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义真除法的行为：/</span><br><span class="line">__floordiv__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义整数除法的行为：//</span><br><span class="line">__mod__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义取模算法的行为：%</span><br><span class="line">__divmod__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义当被 <span class="built_in">divmod</span>() 调用时的行为</span><br><span class="line">__pow__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other[, modulo]) 定义当被 power() 调用或 ** 运算时的行为</span><br><span class="line">__lshift__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义按位左移位的行为：<<</span><br><span class="line">__rshift__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义按位右移位的行为：>></span><br><span class="line">__and__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义按位与操作的行为：&</span><br><span class="line">__xor__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义按位异或操作的行为：^</span><br><span class="line">__or__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义按位或操作的行为：|</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="反运算相关魔术方法"><a href="#反运算相关魔术方法" class="headerlink" title="反运算相关魔术方法"></a>反运算相关魔术方法</h2><hr><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">__radd__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__rsub__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__rmul__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__rtruediv__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__rfloordiv__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__rmod__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__rdivmod__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__rpow__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__rlshift__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__rrshift__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__rand__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__rxor__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br><span class="line">__ror__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="赋值运算相关魔术方法"><a href="#赋值运算相关魔术方法" class="headerlink" title="赋值运算相关魔术方法"></a>赋值运算相关魔术方法</h2><hr><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">__iadd__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义赋值加法的行为：+=</span><br><span class="line">__isub__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义赋值减法的行为：-=</span><br><span class="line">__imul__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义赋值乘法的行为：=</span><br><span class="line">__itruediv__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义赋值真除法的行为：/=</span><br><span class="line">__ifloordiv__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义赋值整数除法的行为：//=</span><br><span class="line">__imod__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义赋值取模算法的行为：%=</span><br><span class="line">__ipow__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other[, modulo]) 定义赋值幂运算的行为：**=</span><br><span class="line">__ilshift__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义赋值按位左移位的行为：<<=</span><br><span class="line">__irshift__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义赋值按位右移位的行为：>>=</span><br><span class="line">__iand__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义赋值按位与操作的行为：&=</span><br><span class="line">__ixor__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义赋值按位异或操作的行为：^=</span><br><span class="line">__ior__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, other) 定义赋值按位或操作的行为：|=</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="一元运算相关魔术方法"><a href="#一元运算相关魔术方法" class="headerlink" title="一元运算相关魔术方法"></a>一元运算相关魔术方法</h2><hr><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">__pos__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>) 定义正号的行为：+x</span><br><span class="line">__neg__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>) 定义负号的行为：-x</span><br><span class="line">__abs__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>) 定义当被 <span class="built_in">abs</span>() 调用时的行为</span><br><span class="line">__invert__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>) 定义按位求反的行为：~x</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="类型转换相关魔术方法-JIANG"><a href="#类型转换相关魔术方法-JIANG" class="headerlink" title="类型转换相关魔术方法 JIANG"></a>类型转换相关魔术方法 JIANG</h2><hr><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">__complex__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>) 定义当被 <span class="built_in">complex</span>() 调用时的行为（需要返回恰当的值）</span><br><span class="line">__int__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>) 定义当被 <span class="built_in">int</span>() 调用时的行为（需要返回恰当的值）</span><br><span class="line">__float__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>) 定义当被 <span class="built_in">float</span>() 调用时的行为（需要返回恰当的值）</span><br><span class="line">__round__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>[, n]) 定义当被 <span class="built_in">round</span>() 调用时的行为（需要返回恰当的值）</span><br><span class="line">__index(<span class="variable language_">self</span>)__ <span class="number">1.</span> 当对象是被应用在切片表达式中时，实现整形强制转换</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">2.</span> 如果你定义了一个可能在切片时用到的定制的数值型,你应该定义 index</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">3.</span> 如果 index 被定义，则 <span class="built_in">int</span> 也需要被定义，且返回相同的值</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="上下文管理相关魔术方法"><a href="#上下文管理相关魔术方法" class="headerlink" title="上下文管理相关魔术方法"></a>上下文管理相关魔术方法</h2><hr><p><strong>enter</strong>() 和 <strong>exit</strong>()</p><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">enter(<span class="variable language_">self</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">1.</span> 定义当使用 <span class="keyword">with</span> 语句时的初始化行为</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">2.</span> enter 的返回值被 <span class="keyword">with</span> 语句的目标或者 <span class="keyword">as</span> 后的名字绑定</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">exit(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, exctype, excvalue, traceback)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">1.</span> 定义当一个代码块被执行或者终止后上下文管理器应该做什么</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">2.</span> 一般被用来处理异常，清除工作或者做一些代码块执行完毕之后的日常工作</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="容器类型相关魔术方法"><a href="#容器类型相关魔术方法" class="headerlink" title="容器类型相关魔术方法"></a>容器类型相关魔术方法</h2><hr><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">__len__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>) 定义当被 <span class="built_in">len</span>() 调用时的行为（返回容器中元素的个数）</span><br><span class="line">__getitem__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, key) 定义获取容器中指定元素的行为，相当于 <span class="variable language_">self</span>[key]</span><br><span class="line">__setitem__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, key, value) 定义设置容器中指定元素的行为，相当于 <span class="variable language_">self</span>[key] = value</span><br><span class="line">__delitem__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, key) 定义删除容器中指定元素的行为，相当于 <span class="keyword">del</span> <span class="variable language_">self</span>[key]</span><br><span class="line">__iter__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>) 定义当迭代容器中的元素的行为</span><br><span class="line">__reversed__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>) 定义当被 <span class="built_in">reversed</span>() 调用时的行为</span><br><span class="line">__contains__(<span class="variable language_">self</span>, item) 定义当使用成员测试运算符（<span class="keyword">in</span> 或 <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="keyword">in</span>）时的行为</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 自学 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>python_django</title>
<link href="/posts/650b5471/"/>
<url>/posts/650b5471/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="我的笔记"><a href="#我的笔记" class="headerlink" title="我的笔记"></a>我的笔记</h1><p><a href="https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/venv.html">官方文档</a></p><table><thead><tr><th align="left">平台</th><th align="left">Shell</th><th align="left">用于激活虚拟环境的命令</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">POSIX</td><td align="left">bash/zsh</td><td align="left">$ source <venv>/bin/activate</td></tr><tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">fish</td><td align="left">$ source <venv>/bin/activate.fish</td></tr><tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">csh/tcsh</td><td align="left">$ source <venv>/bin/activate.csh</td></tr><tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">PowerShell Core</td><td align="left">$ <venv>/bin/Activate.ps1</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Windows</td><td align="left">cmd.exe</td><td align="left">C:> <venv>\Scripts\activate.bat</td></tr><tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">PowerShell</td><td align="left">PS C:> <venv>\Scripts\Activate.ps1</td></tr></tbody></table><p>创建网站框架</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">.\django-admin.exe startproject mysite</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>启动django框架</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">python manage.py runserver</span><br><span class="line">python manage.py runserver [端口号]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>网站中的一个功能创建应用</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">python .\manage.py startapp index</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>数据库迁移</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">python manage.py migate</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>列出django子命令</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">python manage .py</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="目录解读"><a href="#目录解读" class="headerlink" title="目录解读"></a>目录解读</h1><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129095301686.webp" alt="image-20211129095301686"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129104235294.webp" alt="image-20211129104235294"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129104304785.webp" alt="image-20211129104304785"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129104323422.webp" alt="image-20211129104323422"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129104800457.webp" alt="image-20211129104800457"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129104820337.webp" alt="image-20211129104820337"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129104940840.webp" alt="image-20211129104940840"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129105214895.webp" alt="image-20211129105214895"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129105351007.webp" alt="image-20211129105351007"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129105747983.webp" alt="image-20211129105747983"></p><p>我的理解</p><p>目前在我看来视图（view）就是用来写html的文件，urls就是将这个文件的路径导入，使得可以在浏览器显示</p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129110849895.webp" alt="image-20211129110849895"></p><p>浏览器访问page/2003/djgano匹配到视图（views）中有page_2003中有函数，然后输出函数的内容</p><p>这是路由吗？？我感觉是，因为urls将浏览器请求的url地址指向views</p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129111001293.webp" alt="image-20211129111001293"><img src="/python-django/image-20211129111029113.webp" alt="image-20211129111029113"></p><h1 id="路由配置"><a href="#路由配置" class="headerlink" title="路由配置"></a>路由配置</h1><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129111214428.webp" alt="image-20211129111214428"></p><h2 id="路由配置-path"><a href="#路由配置-path" class="headerlink" title="路由配置 - path"></a>路由配置 - path</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129111418584.webp" alt="image-20211129111418584"></p><h2 id="路由配置-path-转换器"><a href="#路由配置-path-转换器" class="headerlink" title="路由配置 - path - 转换器"></a>路由配置 - path - 转换器</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129112600885.webp" alt="image-20211129112600885"></p><h2 id="路由配置-path-转换器-1"><a href="#路由配置-path-转换器-1" class="headerlink" title="路由配置 - path - 转换器"></a>路由配置 - path - 转换器</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129112814502.webp" alt="image-20211129112814502"></p><h3 id="测试"><a href="#测试" class="headerlink" title="测试"></a>测试</h3><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129113915653.webp" alt="image-20211129113915653"><img src="/python-django/image-20211129113939729.webp" alt="image-20211129113939729"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129113926093.webp" alt="image-20211129113926093"><img src="/python-django/image-20211129114053987.webp" alt="image-20211129114053987"></p><p>可以看出来，执行的时候是由上而下执行</p><h3 id="练习：计算器"><a href="#练习：计算器" class="headerlink" title="练习：计算器"></a>练习：计算器</h3><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129123645517.webp" alt="image-20211129123645517"></p><h2 id="路由配置-re-path"><a href="#路由配置-re-path" class="headerlink" title="路由配置 - re_path()"></a>路由配置 - re_path()</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129141056822.webp" alt="image-20211129141056822"></p><h3 id="样例"><a href="#样例" class="headerlink" title="样例"></a>样例</h3><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129141712298.webp" alt="image-20211129141712298"></p><h3 id="生日正则："><a href="#生日正则：" class="headerlink" title="生日正则："></a>生日正则：</h3><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129145314266.webp" alt="image-20211129145314266"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129145335743.webp" alt="image-20211129145335743"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129145352623.webp" alt="image-20211129145352623"></p><h1 id="Django中的请求"><a href="#Django中的请求" class="headerlink" title="Django中的请求"></a>Django中的请求</h1><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129170039257.webp" alt="image-20211129170039257"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129171430226.webp" alt="image-20211129171430226"></p><h2 id="Django中的响应对象"><a href="#Django中的响应对象" class="headerlink" title="Django中的响应对象"></a>Django中的响应对象</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129172858756.webp" alt="image-20211129172858756"></p><p>Django中的响应对象</p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129173135044.webp" alt="image-20211129173135044"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129173257111.webp" alt="image-20211129173257111"></p><h2 id="GET处理"><a href="#GET处理" class="headerlink" title="GET处理"></a>GET处理</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129174221824.webp" alt="image-20211129174221824"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129174751910.webp" alt="image-20211129174751910"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129175033023.webp" alt="image-20211129175033023"></p><h2 id="POST处理"><a href="#POST处理" class="headerlink" title="POST处理"></a>POST处理</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129201247287.webp" alt="image-20211129201247287"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129201306505.webp" alt="image-20211129201306505"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129201327000.webp" alt="image-20211129201327000"></p><h2 id="传统的mvc"><a href="#传统的mvc" class="headerlink" title="传统的mvc"></a>传统的mvc</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211129203627800.webp" alt="image-20211129203627800"></p><p>Django是MTV结构</p><h1 id="模板配置"><a href="#模板配置" class="headerlink" title="模板配置"></a>模板配置</h1><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211130185916088.webp" alt="image-20211130185916088"></p><h2 id="模板加载方式"><a href="#模板加载方式" class="headerlink" title="模板加载方式"></a>模板加载方式</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211130190516341.webp" alt="image-20211130190516341"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211130191454722.webp" alt="image-20211130191454722"></p><h2 id="视图层与模板层之间的交互"><a href="#视图层与模板层之间的交互" class="headerlink" title="视图层与模板层之间的交互"></a>视图层与模板层之间的交互</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211130192009564.webp" alt="image-20211130192009564"></p><h3 id="例子："><a href="#例子：" class="headerlink" title="例子："></a>例子：</h3><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211201150602148.webp" alt="image-20211201150602148"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211201150617963.webp" alt="image-20211201150617963"></p><h2 id="模板的变量"><a href="#模板的变量" class="headerlink" title="模板的变量"></a>模板的变量</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211201151027473.webp" alt="image-20211201151027473"></p><h3 id="调用方法"><a href="#调用方法" class="headerlink" title="调用方法"></a>调用方法</h3><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211201151055547.webp" alt="image-20211201151055547"></p><p>都是用双大括号加变量名</p><p>测试各种变量的传值</p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211201152336107.webp" alt="image-20211201152336107"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211201152350065.webp" alt="image-20211201152350065"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211201152402659.webp" alt="image-20211201152402659"></p><h2 id="模板标签"><a href="#模板标签" class="headerlink" title="模板标签"></a>模板标签</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211201152701477.webp" alt="image-20211201152701477"></p><p>基本都需要结束标签，个别特殊的不需要结束标签，</p><h3 id="if标签"><a href="#if标签" class="headerlink" title="if标签"></a>if标签</h3><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211201153028048.webp" alt="image-20211201153028048"></p><p><code>if</code>标签的结束标签是<code>endif</code></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211201153132882.webp" alt="image-20211201153132882"></p><h3 id="测试例子"><a href="#测试例子" class="headerlink" title="测试例子"></a>测试例子</h3><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211201153747378.webp" alt="image-20211201153747378"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211203101238114.webp" alt="image-20211203101238114"></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211203101258139.webp" alt="image-20211203101258139"></p><h3 id="for标签"><a href="#for标签" class="headerlink" title="for标签"></a>for标签</h3><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211204160943943.webp" alt="image-20211204160943943"></p><h2 id="模板过滤器"><a href="#模板过滤器" class="headerlink" title="模板过滤器"></a>模板过滤器</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211204162513617.webp" alt="image-20211204162513617"></p><h2 id="常用过滤器"><a href="#常用过滤器" class="headerlink" title="常用过滤器"></a>常用过滤器</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211204162620250.webp" alt="image-20211204162620250"></p><h2 id="模板继承"><a href="#模板继承" class="headerlink" title="模板继承"></a>模板继承</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211204164816564.webp" alt="image-20211204164816564"></p><h3 id="父页面传入的参数无法继承给子页面"><a href="#父页面传入的参数无法继承给子页面" class="headerlink" title="父页面传入的参数无法继承给子页面"></a>父页面传入的参数无法继承给子页面</h3><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211204185525663.webp" alt="image-20211204185525663"></p><h1 id="url书写规范"><a href="#url书写规范" class="headerlink" title="url书写规范"></a>url书写规范</h1><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211207203612783.webp" alt="image-20211207203612783"></p><p><code>相对地址使用较多</code></p><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211207203845679.webp" alt="image-20211207203845679"></p><h2 id="url反向解析"><a href="#url反向解析" class="headerlink" title="url反向解析"></a>url反向解析</h2><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211208153642369.webp" alt="image-20211208153642369"></p><p>代码：</p><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">html</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">a</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">"{% url 'tr' '100' %}"</span>></span>url反向解析版本<span class="tag"></<span class="name">a</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">路由配置</span><br><span class="line">path(<span class="string">'test_urls_result/<int:age>'</span>, views.test_url_result, name=<span class="string">'tr'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">视图配置</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">test_url_result</span>(<span class="params">request, age</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> HttpResponse(<span class="string">"---test_url_result is ok----"</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>优点：可以动态获取url，因为是通过别名来</p><h1 id="静态文件"><a href="#静态文件" class="headerlink" title="静态文件"></a>静态文件</h1><p><img src="/python-django/image-20211212164924682.webp" alt="image-20211212164924682"></p><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">第一种办法</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta"><!DOCTYPE <span class="keyword">html</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">html</span> <span class="attr">lang</span>=<span class="string">"en"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">head</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">"UTF-8"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">title</span>></span>Title<span class="tag"></<span class="name">title</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">head</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">body</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">img</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">"/staticpython-django/404.webp"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">img</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">"http://127.0.0.1:8000/staticpython-django/right_top.webp"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">body</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">html</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">第二种方法</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="应用及分布式路由"><a href="#应用及分布式路由" class="headerlink" title="应用及分布式路由"></a>应用及分布式路由</h1><p>应用就是在django项目中是一个独立的业务模块，可以包含自己的路由，视图，模板，模型，</p><blockquote><p>我的理解就是将分模块创建路由，不至于将这个项目所有的文件都在一个路由里面，这样会使代码不易阅读，</p></blockquote><p>创建路由的命令</p><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">python manage.py startapp [项目名]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="数据（mysql）"><a href="#数据（mysql）" class="headerlink" title="数据（mysql）"></a>数据（mysql）</h1><p>python中的django连接mysql需要mysqlclient包，</p><p>创建数据库必须指定字符集</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">create database mysite3 default charset utf8;</span><br><span class="line">setting.py设置</span><br><span class="line"> # mysql配置</span><br><span class="line"> 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',</span><br><span class="line"> 'NAME': 'mysite3',</span><br><span class="line"> 'USER': 'root',</span><br><span class="line"> 'PASSWORD': '1',</span><br><span class="line"> 'HOST': '127.0.0.1',</span><br><span class="line"> 'PORT': '3306',</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight mipsasm"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ORM框架</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword"></span><span class="keyword">ORM</span></span><br><span class="line">类数据表</span><br><span class="line">对象数据行</span><br><span class="line">属性字段</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="连接过程"><a href="#连接过程" class="headerlink" title="连接过程"></a>连接过程</h2><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">添加数据表</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Book</span>(models.Model):</span><br><span class="line"> title = models.CharField(<span class="string">'书名'</span>, max_length=<span class="number">7</span>, default=<span class="string">''</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> price = models.DecimalField(<span class="string">'价格'</span>, max_digits=<span class="number">7</span>, decimal_places=<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> info = models.CharField(<span class="string">'关于'</span>, max_length=<span class="number">100</span>, default=<span class="string">''</span>)</span><br><span class="line">生成迁移文件</span><br><span class="line">python manage.py makmigrations</span><br><span class="line">执行迁移脚本程序</span><br><span class="line">python3 manage.py migrate</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="模型类-字段类型"><a href="#模型类-字段类型" class="headerlink" title="模型类-字段类型"></a>模型类-字段类型</h2><p>BooleanField()</p><p>数据库类型：tinyint(1)</p><p>CharField()</p><p>数据库类型varchar</p><p>必须要指定max_length参数值</p><p>DateField()</p><p>数据库类型：date</p><p>参数：</p><p>auto_now：每次保存对象时，自动设置该字段为当前时间取值True</p><p>auto_now_add：设置第一次创建时的当前时间</p><p>default：设置当前时间（取值：字符串格式时间</p><p>DateTimeField()</p><p>数据库类型：datetime(6)</p><p>作用：表示日期和时间</p><p>参数同上</p><p>FloatField()</p><p>数据库类型：double</p><p>编程语言中和数据库中都使用小数表示值</p><p>DecimalField()</p><p>数据库类型：decimal(x,y)</p><p>参数：max_digits：位数总数，包括小数点后的位数，该值必须大于等于decimal_places</p><p>decimal_places：小数点后的数字数量</p><p>EmailField()</p><p>数据库类型：varchar</p><p>编程语言和数据库中使用字符串</p><p>IntegerField()</p><p>数据库类型：int</p><p>ImageField()</p><p>数据库类型：varchar(100)</p><p>作用在数据库中为了保存图片的路径</p><p>TextField()</p><p>数据库类型：longtext</p><h2 id="模型类-字段选项"><a href="#模型类-字段选项" class="headerlink" title="模型类-字段选项"></a>模型类-字段选项</h2><p>db_index</p><p>索引</p><p>unique</p><p>为True时必须时唯一索引</p><p>db_column</p><p>指定列的名称，如果不指定，采用属性名作为列名</p><p>verbose_name</p><p>设置此字段的admin界面上的显示名称</p><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 字段选项样例</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 创建一个属性，表示用户名称，长度30字符，必须时唯一的，不能为空，添加索引</span></span><br><span class="line">name = models.CharField(max_length=<span class="number">30</span>,unique=<span class="literal">True</span>, null=<span class="literal">False</span>,db_index=<span class="literal">True</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 毕设 </tag>
<tag> 自学 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>生成器与迭代器</title>
<link href="/posts/76a3894a/"/>
<url>/posts/76a3894a/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><img src="/%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8E%E8%BF%AD%E4%BB%A3%E5%99%A8/image-20211031232546648.webp" alt="image-20211031232546648"></p><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span 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class="line">266</span><br><span class="line">267</span><br><span class="line">268</span><br><span class="line">269</span><br><span class="line">270</span><br><span class="line">271</span><br><span class="line">272</span><br><span class="line">273</span><br><span class="line">274</span><br><span class="line">275</span><br><span class="line">276</span><br><span class="line">277</span><br><span class="line">278</span><br><span class="line">279</span><br><span class="line">280</span><br><span class="line">281</span><br><span class="line">282</span><br><span class="line">283</span><br><span class="line">284</span><br><span class="line">285</span><br><span class="line">286</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/10/31 11:11</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : generator01.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Sofware : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">通过列表生成式(列表推导式)，我们可以直接创建一个列表</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">但是，受内存限制，列表容量肯定是有限的。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">而且，创建一个包含100万个元素的列表，不仅占用很大的存储看见，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">如果我们仅仅需要访问前面几个元素，那后面绝大多数元素占用的空间都白白浪费了</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">所以如果列表元素可以按照某种算法推算出来，那我们是否可以在循环的过程中不断推算出后续的元素呢！</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">这样就不必创建完整的list，从而节省大量的空间，在python中，这种一边循环一边计算的机制称为生成器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">generator</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">得到生成器的方式：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1.通过列表推导式得到生成器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># [x for x in range(100000000)]</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># [0,2,3,7,6,3,6,8,9,6,5]</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># newlist = [x*3 for x in range(10)]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(newlist)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 得到生成器</span></span><br><span class="line">g = (x*<span class="number">3</span> <span class="keyword">for</span> x <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="number">10</span>))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">type</span>(g)) <span class="comment"># <class 'generator'></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 通过调用__next__()方式得到元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(g.__next__()) <span class="comment"># 0</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 方式2：next(生成器对象) builtins 系统内置函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 每调用一次next则会产生一个元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g)) <span class="comment"># 3</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># StopIteration 生成器本来就可以产生10个，得到10个，在调用next会抛出异常</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/10/31 11:33</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : generator02.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Sofware : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># g = (x * 3 for x in range(10))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># while True:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># try:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># e = next(g)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(e)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># except StopIteration:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('没有更多元素了！')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># break</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 定义生成器的方式二：借助函数完成</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 只要函数中出现yield关键字，说明函数就不是函数，变成生成器了</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 斐波那契数列</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">步骤：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1.定义一个函数，函数中使用yield关键字</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2.调用函数，接收调用的结果</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">3.得到的结果就是生成器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">4.借助与next(),__next__得到元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def func():</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># n = 0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># while True:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># n += 1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(n)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># yield n # return n + 暂停</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># a = func()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># next(a)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># next(a)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># next(a)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># a.__next__()</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">fib</span>(<span class="params">length</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> a, b = <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> n = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> n < length:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># print(b)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">yield</span> b</span><br><span class="line"> a, b = b, a + b</span><br><span class="line"> n += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">'没有更多元素了！！！'</span> <span class="comment"># return就是在得到StopIteration后的提示</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">g = fib(<span class="number">10</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">next</span>(g))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/10/31 13:46</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : generator03.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Sofware : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">生成器方法：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> __next__(): 获取下一个元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> send(value): 向每次生成器调用中传值 注意：第一次调用send(None)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">gen</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> i = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> i < <span class="number">5</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> temp = <span class="keyword">yield</span> i</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'temp'</span>, temp)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> x <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(temp):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'---------'</span>, x)</span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">'没有更多的数据了'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">g = gen()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(next(g))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(next(g))</span></span><br><span class="line">g.send(<span class="literal">None</span>)</span><br><span class="line">n1 = g.send(<span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line">n2 = g.send(<span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(n1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/10/31 16:48</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : generator04.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Software : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 进程>线程>协程</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 迅雷：</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">task1</span>(<span class="params">n</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(n):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'正在搬第{}块砖'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(i + <span class="number">1</span>))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">yield</span> <span class="literal">None</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">task2</span>(<span class="params">i</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(i):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'正在听第{}首歌'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(i + <span class="number">1</span>))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">yield</span> <span class="literal">None</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">g1 = task1(<span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line">g2 = task2(<span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> <span class="literal">True</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># next(g1)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># next(g2)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> g1.__next__()</span><br><span class="line"> g2.__next__()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">except</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">生成器：generator</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">定义生成器方式：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1.通过列表推导式的方式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> g = (x+1 for x in rang(6))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2.复杂+yield</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func():</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> ...</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> yield</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> g = func()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">产生元素：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 1.next(generator) ----》每次调用都会产生一个新的元素，如果元素产生完毕，再次调用的话就会产生异常</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 2.生成器自己的方法：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> g.__next__()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> g.send(value)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 应用：协程</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/10/31 0:28</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : list01.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Sofware : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 列表推导式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 旧的列表-----》新的列表</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 1、列表推导式： 格式：[表达式 for 变量 in 旧列表] 或者 [表达式 for 变量 in 旧列表 if 条件]</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 过滤掉长度小于或者等于3的人名</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">names = [<span class="string">'tome'</span>, <span class="string">'lily'</span>, <span class="string">'abc'</span>, <span class="string">'jack'</span>, <span class="string">'steven'</span>, <span class="string">'bob'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">result = [name.capitalize() <span class="keyword">for</span> name <span class="keyword">in</span> names <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="built_in">len</span>(name) > <span class="number">3</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 将1-100之间能被3整除，组成一个新列表</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">nwelist = [i <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">101</span>) <span class="keyword">if</span> i % <span class="number">3</span> == <span class="number">0</span> <span class="keyword">and</span> i % <span class="number">5</span> == <span class="number">0</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(nwelist)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># [(偶数,奇数),(),(),()] [(0,1),(0,3),(0,5)]</span></span><br><span class="line">nwelist1 = [(i, j) <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="number">5</span>) <span class="keyword">if</span> i % <span class="number">2</span> == <span class="number">0</span> <span class="keyword">for</span> j <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="number">10</span>) <span class="keyword">if</span> j % <span class="number">2</span> != <span class="number">0</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(nwelist1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># list1 = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9], [1, 3, 5]] ---->[3 ,6 , 9, 5]</span></span><br><span class="line">list1 = [[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>], [<span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>], [<span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>], [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">5</span>]]</span><br><span class="line">nwelist2 = [i[-<span class="number">1</span>] <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> list1]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(nwelist2)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">dict1 = {<span class="string">'name'</span>: <span class="string">'tom'</span>, <span class="string">'salart'</span>: <span class="number">5000</span>}</span><br><span class="line">dict2 = {<span class="string">'name'</span>: <span class="string">'lucy'</span>, <span class="string">'salart'</span>: <span class="number">8000</span>}</span><br><span class="line">dict3 = {<span class="string">'name'</span>: <span class="string">'jack'</span>, <span class="string">'salart'</span>: <span class="number">4500</span>}</span><br><span class="line">dict4 = {<span class="string">'name'</span>: <span class="string">'lily'</span>, <span class="string">'salart'</span>: <span class="number">3000</span>}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">list1 = [dict1, dict2, dict3, dict4]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 如果薪资大于5000加200，低于等于5000加500</span></span><br><span class="line">nwelist1 = [employee[<span class="string">'salart'</span>] + <span class="number">300</span> <span class="keyword">if</span> employee[<span class="string">'salart'</span>] > <span class="number">5000</span> <span class="keyword">else</span> employee[<span class="string">'salart'</span>] + <span class="number">500</span> <span class="keyword">for</span> employee <span class="keyword">in</span> list1]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(nwelist1)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">def func(names)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> newlist=[]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> for name in names:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> if len(name)>3:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> newlist.append(name)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> return newlist</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">print(func())</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">def func()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> newlist = []</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> for i in range(5): # 偶数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> if i % 2 == 0：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> for j in range(10):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> if j % 2 != 0:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> newlist.append((i,j))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">print(func())</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 集合推导式</span></span><br><span class="line">list1 = [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>, <span class="number">9</span>]</span><br><span class="line">set1 = {x <span class="keyword">for</span> x <span class="keyword">in</span> list1 <span class="keyword">if</span> x > <span class="number">5</span>}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(set1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 字典推导式</span></span><br><span class="line">dict1 = {<span class="string">'a'</span>: <span class="string">'A'</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>: <span class="string">'B'</span>, <span class="string">'c'</span>: <span class="string">'C'</span>, <span class="string">'d'</span>: <span class="string">'D'</span>}</span><br><span class="line">newdict = {value: key <span class="keyword">for</span> key, value <span class="keyword">in</span> dict1.items()}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(newdict)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 自学 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>windows装mysql解压版教程</title>
<link href="/posts/5880561a/"/>
<url>/posts/5880561a/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="安装"><a href="#安装" class="headerlink" title="安装"></a>安装</h1><ul><li><p>用<strong>管理员</strong>打开CMD，切换到MySql的解压目录下的<code>bin</code>目录：</p></li><li><p>执行以下命令</p></li></ul><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">执行这里会生成，记住这个密码</span></span><br><span class="line">mysqld --initialize --console</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">安装mysql服务</span></span><br><span class="line">mysqld -install</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">windows</span></span><br><span class="line">mysqld.exe --initialize --console</span><br><span class="line">mysqld.exe -install</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul><li><p>输入命令<code>net start mysql</code>或<code>sc start mysql</code>启动mysql服务</p></li><li><p>输入<code>mysql -u root -p</code>来登陆数据库，并输入前面记录的临时密码：</p></li><li><p>登陆成功后输入以下命令<code>a</code>将原来复杂的密码修改为自己的密码，并输入<code>commit;</code>提交：</p></li></ul> <figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">/*1、修改密码*/</span><br><span class="line">alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '想要设置的密码';</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">/*2、由于mysql 8.0*修改加密方式，使用下面命令可以解决大部分无法连接数据库命令*/</span><br><span class="line">ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '1' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;</span><br><span class="line">/*3、MySQL8.0的caching_sha2_password问题*/</span><br><span class="line">ALTER USER root@localhost IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '1';</span><br><span class="line">FLUSH PRIVILEGES;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul><li>在mysql的目录下设置配置文件my.ini</li></ul><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[mysqld] </span><br><span class="line"># 设置mysql的安装目录，也就是刚才我们解压的目录</span><br><span class="line">basedir=D:/Program Files/mysql/mysql-8.0.27-winx64</span><br><span class="line"># 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录</span><br><span class="line"># datadir=D:/Program Files/mysql/mysql-8.0.27-winx64/data</span><br><span class="line"># 设置默认使用的端口</span><br><span class="line">port=3306</span><br><span class="line"># 允许最大连接数</span><br><span class="line">max_connections=200</span><br><span class="line"># 允许连接失败的次数。这是为了防止有人试图攻击数据库</span><br><span class="line">max_connect_errors=10</span><br><span class="line"># 服务端使用的字符集</span><br><span class="line">character-set-server=utf8mb4</span><br><span class="line"># 数据库字符集对应一些排序等规则使用的字符集</span><br><span class="line">collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci</span><br><span class="line"># 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎</span><br><span class="line">default-storage-engine=INNODB</span><br><span class="line"># 默认使用“mysql_native_password”插件作为认证加密方式</span><br><span class="line"># MySQL8.0默认认证加密方式为caching_sha2_password</span><br><span class="line">default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">[mysql]</span><br><span class="line"># 设置mysql客户端默认字符集</span><br><span class="line">default-character-set=utf8mb4</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">[client]</span><br><span class="line">default-character-set=utf8mb4</span><br><span class="line">port=3306</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="卸载"><a href="#卸载" class="headerlink" title="卸载"></a>卸载</h1><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">/*删除mysql*/</span><br><span class="line">taskkill /f /t /im mysqld.exe</span><br><span class="line">sc delete mysql</span><br><span class="line">/*停止MySQL服务*/</span><br><span class="line">net stop mysqld 或者 sc stop mysqld</span><br><span class="line">/*删除MySQL服务*/</span><br><span class="line">sc delete mysqld 或 mysqld -remove（需先停止服务）</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> 教程 </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 环境搭建 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>青龙面板安装</title>
<link href="/posts/b9ec591f/"/>
<url>/posts/b9ec591f/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="安装说明"><a href="#安装说明" class="headerlink" title="安装说明"></a>安装说明</h1><h2 id="前置要求"><a href="#前置要求" class="headerlink" title="前置要求"></a>前置要求</h2><figure class="highlight vim"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="number">1</span>.已安装docker-<span class="keyword">ce</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">2</span>.选装docker-compose</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="安装方式1"><a href="#安装方式1" class="headerlink" title="安装方式1"></a>安装方式1</h2><figure class="highlight markdown"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="bullet">1.</span> 新建一个文件夹，用于存放相关数据</span><br><span class="line"><span class="bullet">2.</span> 下载本仓库中的<span class="code">`docker-compose.yml`</span>至本地，或是复制文件内容后在本地自行建立并粘贴内容</span><br><span class="line"><span class="bullet">3.</span> 使用docker-compose启动</span><br><span class="line"><span class="bullet">4.</span> 浏览器输入ip:5700即可进入面板</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="section"># 新建数据文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line">mkdir qinglong</span><br><span class="line">cd qinglong</span><br><span class="line"><span class="section"># 下载docker-compose.yml文件</span></span><br><span class="line">wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/whyour/qinglong/develop/docker-compose.yml</span><br><span class="line"><span class="section"># 启动</span></span><br><span class="line">docker-compose up -d</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="安装方式2"><a href="#安装方式2" class="headerlink" title="安装方式2"></a>安装方式2</h2><figure class="highlight awk"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 复制下列命令在ssh执行(先安装docker)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 注:$PWD请修改为实际你想安装的路径</span></span><br><span class="line"> docker run -dit \</span><br><span class="line"> -v <span class="variable">$PWD</span><span class="regexp">/ql/</span>config:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>config \</span><br><span class="line"> -v <span class="variable">$PWD</span><span class="regexp">/ql/</span>log:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>log \</span><br><span class="line"> -v <span class="variable">$PWD</span><span class="regexp">/ql/</span>db:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>db \</span><br><span class="line"> -v <span class="variable">$PWD</span><span class="regexp">/ql/</span>repo:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>repo \</span><br><span class="line"> -v <span class="variable">$PWD</span><span class="regexp">/ql/</span>raw:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>raw \</span><br><span class="line"> -v <span class="variable">$PWD</span><span class="regexp">/ql/</span>scripts:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>scripts \</span><br><span class="line"> -v <span class="variable">$PWD</span><span class="regexp">/ql/</span>jbot:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>jbot \</span><br><span class="line"> -p <span class="number">5702</span>:<span class="number">5702</span> \</span><br><span class="line"> -p <span class="number">5701</span>:<span class="number">5701</span> \</span><br><span class="line"> --name qinglong \</span><br><span class="line"> --hostname qinglong \</span><br><span class="line"> --restart unless-stopped \</span><br><span class="line"> registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com<span class="regexp">/wanswu/</span>qinglong:<span class="number">1.2</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 我的配置</span></span><br><span class="line">docker run -dit -v D:<span class="regexp">/JDscirpt/</span>qinglong<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>config:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>config -v D:<span class="regexp">/JDscirpt/</span>qinglong<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>log:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>log -v D:<span class="regexp">/JDscirpt/</span>qinglong<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>db:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>db -v D:<span class="regexp">/JDscirpt/</span>qinglong<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>repo:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>repo -v D:<span class="regexp">/JDscirpt/</span>qinglong<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>raw:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>raw -v D:<span class="regexp">/JDscirpt/</span>qinglong<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>scripts:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>scripts -v D:<span class="regexp">/JDscirpt/</span>qinglong<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>jbot:<span class="regexp">/ql/</span>jbot -p <span class="number">5700</span>:<span class="number">5700</span> -p <span class="number">5701</span>:<span class="number">5701</span> --name qinglong --hostname qinglong --restart unless-stopped whyour/qinglong:latest</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="登录"><a href="#登录" class="headerlink" title="登录"></a>登录</h2><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">打开浏览器访问宿主机ip的5700端口即可</span><br><span class="line">例如http://192.168.100.123:5700即ip:5700</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">首次登录</span><br><span class="line">账号:admin 密码:admin</span><br><span class="line">会生成`auth.json`</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">在ssh输入 </span><br><span class="line">1.docker <span class="built_in">exec</span> it qinglong bash</span><br><span class="line">2.<span class="built_in">cat</span> /ql/config/auth.json</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">cat</span>查看之后返回的结果类似如下字段</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">{<span class="string">"username"</span>:<span class="string">"admin"</span>,<span class="string">"password"</span>:<span class="string">"Xb-ZYP526wmg4_h6q1WqIO"</span>}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># admin即为登录名;Xb-ZYP526wmg4_h6q1WqIO为登录密码</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>输入此处记录的<code>username</code>及<code>password</code>，即可成功登陆qinglong面板，登陆后即可正常使用</p><h2 id="拉取脚本"><a href="#拉取脚本" class="headerlink" title="拉取脚本"></a>拉取脚本</h2><figure class="highlight awk"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">示例</span><br><span class="line">ql repo https:<span class="regexp">//gi</span>thub.com/xxx.git <span class="comment">#拉取仓库</span></span><br><span class="line">ql raw https:<span class="regexp">//</span>raw.githubusercontent.com/xxx <span class="comment">#拉取单个脚本</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="备份"><a href="#备份" class="headerlink" title="备份"></a>备份</h2><p>所有数据都将保存在<code>docker-compose.yml</code>所在的同级目录的<code>data</code>文件夹中，如需要备份，请直接备份<code>docker-compose.yml</code>及<code>data</code>文件夹即可</p><figure class="highlight tap"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">root@debian:/opt/qinglong<span class="comment"># ls -lah</span></span><br><span class="line">总用量 8.0K</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x<span class="number"> 3 </span>root root 4.0K 8月<span class="number"> 30 </span>01:29 .</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x<span class="number"> 4 </span>root root 4.0K 8月<span class="number"> 30 </span>00:51 ..</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x<span class="number"> 8 </span>root root 4.0K 8月<span class="number"> 30 </span>01:30 data</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--<span class="number"> 1 </span>root root <span class="number"> 386 </span> 8月<span class="number"> 30 </span>01:29 docker-compose.yml</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="更新"><a href="#更新" class="headerlink" title="更新"></a>更新</h2><p>在面板执行”更新面板”任务即可</p><p>或者</p><figure class="highlight vim"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">cd</span> qinglong</span><br><span class="line">docker-compose down</span><br><span class="line">docker pull whyour/qinglon<span class="variable">g:latest</span></span><br><span class="line">docker-compose <span class="keyword">up</span> -d</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="依赖"><a href="#依赖" class="headerlink" title="依赖"></a>依赖</h2><p>python</p><figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">requests</span><br><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">canvas</span></span><br><span class="line">ping3</span><br><span class="line">jieba</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>nodejs</p><figure class="highlight x86asm"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">png-<span class="keyword">js</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">ds</span></span><br><span class="line">@types/node</span><br><span class="line">require</span><br><span class="line">typescript</span><br><span class="line">crypto-<span class="keyword">js</span></span><br><span class="line">prettytable</span><br><span class="line">dotenv</span><br><span class="line">jsdom</span><br><span class="line">date-fns</span><br><span class="line">tough-cookie</span><br><span class="line">tslib</span><br><span class="line">ws@<span class="number">7.4</span><span class="number">.3</span></span><br><span class="line">ts-md5</span><br><span class="line">jsdom -g</span><br><span class="line">jieba</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">fs</span></span><br><span class="line">form-data</span><br><span class="line">json5</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">global</span>-agent</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">js</span>-base64</span><br><span class="line">axios</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>Linux</p><figure class="highlight mipsasm"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">bizCode</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword"></span><span class="keyword">bizMsg</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword"></span>lxml</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> 工具 </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 瞎学 </tag>
<tag> qinglong </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Windows10网络感叹号修复</title>
<link href="/posts/d947b397/"/>
<url>/posts/d947b397/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="Windows10-修复网络感叹号bug"><a href="#Windows10-修复网络感叹号bug" class="headerlink" title="Windows10 修复网络感叹号bug"></a>Windows10 修复网络感叹号bug</h1><blockquote><p>修复连接显示无internet但是有网的bug，链接在下方</p></blockquote><p><img src="/Windows10%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%84%9F%E5%8F%B9%E5%8F%B7%E4%BF%AE%E5%A4%8D/image-20211011162902502.webp" alt="image-20211011162902502"></p><blockquote><p>打开这个工具，点击一键修复，然后重启就好了</p></blockquote><p><img src="/Windows10%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%84%9F%E5%8F%B9%E5%8F%B7%E4%BF%AE%E5%A4%8D/image-20211011163154911.webp" alt="image-20211011163154911"></p><p><img src="/Windows10%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%84%9F%E5%8F%B9%E5%8F%B7%E4%BF%AE%E5%A4%8D/image-20211011163441976.webp" alt="image-20211011163441976"></p><h2 id="windows10网络修复工具下载链接（阿里云）"><a href="#windows10网络修复工具下载链接（阿里云）" class="headerlink" title="windows10网络修复工具下载链接（阿里云）"></a><a href="https://www.aliyundrive.com/s/BcyXmzrxPWo">windows10网络修复工具下载链接（阿里云）</a></h2><h2 id="蓝奏云链接"><a href="#蓝奏云链接" class="headerlink" title="蓝奏云链接"></a><a href="https://syakj.lanzoui.com/irCHJv7sfxe">蓝奏云链接</a></h2>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> 教程 </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> windows10 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Windows远程桌面docker容器</title>
<link href="/posts/354df3ef/"/>
<url>/posts/354df3ef/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>编写Dockerfile文件（可选择dokcer文件，我没测试）</p><p>（Windows无法连通docker容器所以这是Linux中做的实验）</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">FROM centos</span><br><span class="line">MAINTAINER Wans<wa.ns@qq.com></span><br><span class="line">ENV MYPATH /sbin/init</span><br><span class="line">WORKDIR $MYPATH</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">RUN yum -y install vim</span><br><span class="line">RUN yum -y install net-tools</span><br><span class="line">RUN rpm -Uvh https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm</span><br><span class="line">RUN yum -y install xrdp</span><br><span class="line">RUN systemctl start xrdp</span><br><span class="line">RUN systemctl enable xrdp</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">CMD echo $MYPATH</span><br><span class="line">CMD echo "----end----"</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>1、放行3389端口，重启防火墙</p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3389/tcp</span><br><span class="line">firewall-cmd --reload</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>2、运行docker centos容器</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker run -it -p 3389:3389 -p 3350:3350 --privileged true --name mycentos centos /sbin/init</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>3、安装xrdp、vim、net-tools</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yum -y install vim</span><br><span class="line">yum -y install net-tools</span><br><span class="line">rpm -Uvh https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm</span><br><span class="line">yum -y install xrdp</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>启动xrdp</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">systemctl start xrdp</span><br><span class="line">systemctl enable xrdp</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>打开Windows远程连接就好</p><p><img src="/Windows%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E6%A1%8C%E9%9D%A2Linux/image-20211010160758852.webp" alt="image-20211010160758852"></p>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> 教程 </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> Linux </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Docker自学</title>
<link href="/posts/34285/"/>
<url>/posts/34285/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="Docker安装（linux）"><a href="#Docker安装（linux）" class="headerlink" title="Docker安装（linux）"></a>Docker安装（linux）</h1><p>安装docker</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">卸载干净</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">$ </span><span class="language-bash"><span class="built_in">sudo</span> yum remove docker \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-bash"> docker-client \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-bash"> docker-client-latest \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-bash"> docker-common \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-bash"> docker-latest \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-bash"> docker-latest-logrotate \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-bash"> docker-logrotate \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-bash"> docker-engine</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">安装包</span></span><br><span class="line">yum install -y yum-utils</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">设置镜像仓库</span></span><br><span class="line">yum-config-manager \</span><br><span class="line"> --add-repo \</span><br><span class="line"> http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">更新yum软件包索引</span></span><br><span class="line">yum makecache fast</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">安装docker相关的包</span></span><br><span class="line">yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">启动docker</span></span><br><span class="line">systemctl start docker</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">运行docker容器</span></span><br><span class="line">docker run hello-world</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="Docker卸载（linux）"><a href="#Docker卸载（linux）" class="headerlink" title="Docker卸载（linux）"></a>Docker卸载（linux）</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">1、卸载依赖</span><br><span class="line">yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io</span><br><span class="line">2、删除资源</span><br><span class="line">rm -rf /var/lib/docker</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="配置Docker加速"><a href="#配置Docker加速" class="headerlink" title="配置Docker加速"></a>配置Docker加速</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker</span><br><span class="line">sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'</span><br><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> "registry-mirrors":["https://阿里云节点"]</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="修改Docker默认镜像储存位置"><a href="#修改Docker默认镜像储存位置" class="headerlink" title="修改Docker默认镜像储存位置"></a>修改Docker默认镜像储存位置</h2><p><strong>暂停docker</strong></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">wsl --shutdown</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><strong>导出原有镜像</strong></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">wsl --export docker-desktop "D:\Docker\wsl\data\docker-desktop.tar"</span><br><span class="line">wsl --export docker-desktop-data "D:\Docker\wsl\data\docker-desktop-data.tar"</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><strong>取消原有镜像</strong></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">wsl --unregister docker-desktop</span><br><span class="line">wsl --unregister docker-desktop-data</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><strong>导入镜像</strong></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">wsl --import docker-desktop D:\Docker\wsl\distro D:\Docker\wsl\data\docker-desktop.tar --version 2</span><br><span class="line">wsl --import docker-desktop-data D:\Docker\wsl\data D:\Docker\wsl\data\docker-desktop-data.tar --version 2</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="Docker常用命令"><a href="#Docker常用命令" class="headerlink" title="Docker常用命令"></a>Docker常用命令</h1><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker version # 显示docker的版本</span><br><span class="line">docker info # 显示docker系统级信息，包括镜像和容器的数量</span><br><span class="line">docker 命令 --help # 帮助命令</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="帮助文档（中文）"><a href="#帮助文档（中文）" class="headerlink" title="帮助文档（中文）"></a><a href="http://www.dockerinfo.net/document">帮助文档（中文）</a></h2><h2 id="镜像命令"><a href="#镜像命令" class="headerlink" title="镜像命令"></a>镜像命令</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker images # 查看镜像</span><br><span class="line">-a # 显示所有的镜像</span><br><span class="line">-q # 只显示容器的id</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">docker search # 搜索镜像</span><br><span class="line">--fileter=STARS=3000 # 搜索出来的镜像就是stars大于3000的</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">docker pull # 下载镜像</span><br><span class="line">docker pull mysql:5.7</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="删除镜像"><a href="#删除镜像" class="headerlink" title="删除镜像"></a>删除镜像</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker rmi -f images id</span><br><span class="line">docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq) # 删除所有的images</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="运行容器命令"><a href="#运行容器命令" class="headerlink" title="运行容器命令"></a>运行容器命令</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker run [可选参数] image</span><br><span class="line">参数说明</span><br><span class="line">--name=“name” # 容器命令</span><br><span class="line">-d # 后台运行</span><br><span class="line">-it # 使用交互方式运行，进入容器查看内容</span><br><span class="line">-p # 指定容器的端口 -p 80:80</span><br><span class="line"> -p ip:主机端口：容器端口</span><br><span class="line"> -p 主机端口容器端口（常用）</span><br><span class="line"> -p 容器端口</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">-P(大写) # 随机指定端口</span><br><span class="line">docker run -itd -p 80:80 [imgaes]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="列出所有的运行容器"><a href="#列出所有的运行容器" class="headerlink" title="列出所有的运行容器"></a>列出所有的运行容器</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker ps</span><br><span class="line">-a # 显示所有的容器+历史运行的容器</span><br><span class="line">-n=？ # 列出最近创建的容器</span><br><span class="line">-q # 只显示容器的编号</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="退出容器"><a href="#退出容器" class="headerlink" title="退出容器"></a>退出容器</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">exit # 退出并通知容器</span><br><span class="line">Ctrl+p+q # 容器不停止退出</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="删除容器"><a href="#删除容器" class="headerlink" title="删除容器"></a>删除容器</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker rmi -f 镜像id # 删除指定镜像</span><br><span class="line">docker rmi -f 镜像id 镜像id 镜像id # 删除多个镜像 </span><br><span class="line">docker rmi -f $(docker images aq) # 删除全部镜像</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">docker rm -f 容器id # 删除指定容器</span><br><span class="line">docker rm -f 容器 容器 镜像id # 删除多个容器 </span><br><span class="line">docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq) # 删除全部容器</span><br><span class="line">docker ps -a -q|xargs docker rm # 删除全部容器</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="启动和停止容器的操作"><a href="#启动和停止容器的操作" class="headerlink" title="启动和停止容器的操作"></a>启动和停止容器的操作</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker start</span><br><span class="line">docker restart</span><br><span class="line">docker stop</span><br><span class="line">docker kill </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="常用其他命令"><a href="#常用其他命令" class="headerlink" title="常用其他命令"></a>常用其他命令</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">后台启动容器</span><br><span class="line">docker run -d 镜像</span><br><span class="line">问题 docker ps 发现容器停止</span><br><span class="line">docker容器使用后台运行，就必须有应该前台进程，docker发现没有应用就会停止</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="查看日志"><a href="#查看日志" class="headerlink" title="查看日志"></a>查看日志</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker log -f -t --tail 容器，没有日志</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="查看容器的信息"><a href="#查看容器的信息" class="headerlink" title="查看容器的信息"></a>查看容器的信息</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker inspect 容器</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">将本地的镜像导出</span></span><br><span class="line">docker save -o 导出的路径 镜像id</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">加载本地的镜像文件</span></span><br><span class="line">docker load -i 镜像文件</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">修改镜像文件</span></span><br><span class="line">docker tag 镜像id 新镜像名称：版本</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">保存当前容器的状态</span></span><br><span class="line">docker commit [CONTAINER ID] demo：v1.3</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="进入当前正在运行的容器"><a href="#进入当前正在运行的容器" class="headerlink" title="进入当前正在运行的容器"></a>进入当前正在运行的容器</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">方法1</span><br><span class="line">docker exec -it 容器id /bin/bash</span><br><span class="line">方法2</span><br><span class="line">docker attach 容器id </span><br><span class="line">区别：</span><br><span class="line">exec命令，进入容器后开启一个新的终端，可以操作（常用）</span><br><span class="line">attach命令，进入容器正在执行的终端，不会启动新的进程</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="从容器拷贝文件到主机上"><a href="#从容器拷贝文件到主机上" class="headerlink" title="从容器拷贝文件到主机上"></a>从容器拷贝文件到主机上</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker cp 容器:容器内的路径 主机的路径</span><br><span class="line">同理的主机到容器</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="部署es-kubana"><a href="#部署es-kubana" class="headerlink" title="部署es+kubana"></a>部署es+kubana</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">es暴露的端口多，耗内存，数据放安全目录，挂载</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">--net somenetwork 网络配置</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">启动elasticsearch</span></span><br><span class="line">docker run -d --name elasticsearch -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 -e "discovery.type=single-node" elasticsearch:7.6.2</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">如果是云服务 linux就卡住</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">docker stats 查看cpu状态</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">es 耗内存</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">测试es是否成功</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">访问 http://127.0.0.1:9200</span></span><br><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> "name" : "1043572a13e5",</span><br><span class="line"> "cluster_name" : "docker-cluster",</span><br><span class="line"> "cluster_uuid" : "X5qHk_JRRhK9HPKWfaMvYg",</span><br><span class="line"> "version" : {</span><br><span class="line"> "number" : "7.6.2",</span><br><span class="line"> "build_flavor" : "default",</span><br><span class="line"> "build_type" : "docker",</span><br><span class="line"> "build_hash" : "ef48eb35cf30adf4db14086e8aabd07ef6fb113f",</span><br><span class="line"> "build_date" : "2020-03-26T06:34:37.794943Z",</span><br><span class="line"> "build_snapshot" : false,</span><br><span class="line"> "lucene_version" : "8.4.0",</span><br><span class="line"> "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0",</span><br><span class="line"> "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1"</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># 增加内存的限制，修改配置文件 -e 环境配置修改</span><br><span class="line">docker run -d --name elasticsearch -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 -e "discovery.type=single-node" -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms64m -Xmx512m" elasticsearch:7.6.2</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>作业：使用kibana连接ES</p><h2 id="可视化"><a href="#可视化" class="headerlink" title="可视化"></a>可视化</h2><ul><li>portainer(先用这个)</li></ul><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker run -d -p 8088:9000 \ --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock --privileged=true portainer/portainer</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul><li>Rancher(CI/CD再用)</li></ul><p><strong>什么是portainer？</strong></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker run -d -p 8088:9000 \ --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock --privileged=true portainer/portainer</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>docker图形化管理工具！提供一个后台面板供我们操作！</p><h1 id="Docker镜像讲解"><a href="#Docker镜像讲解" class="headerlink" title="Docker镜像讲解"></a>Docker镜像讲解</h1><h2 id="镜像是什么"><a href="#镜像是什么" class="headerlink" title="镜像是什么"></a>镜像是什么</h2><p>镜像是一种轻量级、可执行的独立软件包，用来打包软件运行环境和基于运行环境开发的软件，它包含<br>运行某个软件所需的所有内容，包括代码、运行时、库、环境变量和配置文件。</p><p>所有应用，直接打包docker镜像，就可以直接跑起来！</p><ul><li><p>从远程仓库下载</p></li><li><p>朋友拷贝给你</p></li><li><p>自己制作镜像Dockerfile</p></li></ul><h2 id="Docker镜像加载原理"><a href="#Docker镜像加载原理" class="headerlink" title="Docker镜像加载原理"></a>Docker镜像加载原理</h2><blockquote><p>UnionFS(联合文件系统)</p></blockquote><p>我们下载的时候看到的一层层就是这个</p><p>UnionFS（联合文件系统）：Union文件系统（UnionFS）是一种分层、轻量级并且高性能的文件系统，<br>它支持对文件系统的修改作为一次提交来一层层的叠加，同时可以将不同目录挂载到同一个虚拟文件系<br>统下(unite several directories into a single virtual filesystem)。Union 文件系统是 Docker 镜像的基<br>础。镜像可以通过分层来进行继承，基于基础镜像（没有父镜像），可以制作各种具体的应用镜像。<br>特性：一次同时加载多个文件系统，但从外面看起来，只能看到一个文件系统，联合加载会把各层文件<br>系统叠加起来，这样最终的文件系统会包含所有底层的文件和目录</p><blockquote><p>Docker镜像加载原理 </p></blockquote><p>docker的镜像实际上由一层一层的文件系统组成，这种层级的文件系统UnionFS。<br>bootfs(boot file system)主要包含bootloader和kernel, bootloader主要是引导加载kernel, Linux刚启<br>动时会加载bootfs文件系统，在Docker镜像的最底层是bootfs。这一层与我们典型的Linux/Unix系统是<br>一样的，包含boot加载器和内核。当boot加载完成之后整个内核就都在内存中了，此时内存的使用权已<br>由bootfs转交给内核，此时系统也会卸载bootfs。</p><p>rootfs (root file system) ，在bootfs之上。包含的就是典型 Linux 系统中的 /dev, /proc, /bin, /etc 等标<br>准目录和文件。rootfs就是各种不同的操作系统发行版，比如Ubuntu，Centos等等。.</p><p>如何提交一个自己的镜像</p><h2 id="commit镜像"><a href="#commit镜像" class="headerlink" title="commit镜像"></a>commit镜像</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker commit 提交容器成为一个新容器</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">docker commit -m="提交描述信息" -a="作者" 容器id 目标镜像名:[tag]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>实战测试</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">1、启动一个默认的tomcat</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">2、发现这个tomcat没有webapps应用,官方镜像webapps没有文件!</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">3、自己拷贝进去基本的文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">4、将我们操作过的容器通过commit提交为一个镜像,我们以后就是用我们修改过的镜像</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006180546891.webp" alt="image-20211006180546891"></p><p>学习方式说明：理解概念，但是一定要实践</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">如果你想要保存当前容器的状态，就可以通过commit来提交，获得一个镜像</span><br><span class="line">相当于快照</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>到这里才是入门！！！学习不需要坚持，学习是爱好！！！</p><h1 id="容器数据卷"><a href="#容器数据卷" class="headerlink" title="容器数据卷"></a>容器数据卷</h1><h2 id="什么是容器数据卷"><a href="#什么是容器数据卷" class="headerlink" title="什么是容器数据卷"></a>什么是容器数据卷</h2><blockquote><p>docker的理念和回顾</p></blockquote><p>将应用和环境打包成一个镜像！</p><p>数据？如果数据都在容器中，那么我们容器删除，数据就会丢失==需求：数据可以持久化==</p><p>MySQL，容器删除，删库跑路！==需求：MySQL数据可以储存在本地==！</p><p>容器之间可以有一个共享的技术！Docker容器中产生的数据，同步到本地！</p><p>这就是卷技术！目录的挂载，将我们的容器内的目录，挂在到Linux什么！</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006195711247.webp" alt="image-20211006195711247"></p><p><strong>总结一句话：容器的持久化和同步操作！容器间也是可以数据共享的！</strong></p><h2 id="使用数据卷"><a href="#使用数据卷" class="headerlink" title="使用数据卷"></a>使用数据卷</h2><blockquote><p>方式一：直接使用命令来挂载</p></blockquote><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker run -it -v 主机目录:容器目录</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">测试</span></span><br><span class="line">docker run -it -v D:/dockertest/tomcat:/home tomcat /bin/bash</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>这里可以看到成功挂载了</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006201204091.webp" alt="挂载成功"></p><p>测试同步</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006201602762.webp" alt="image-20211006201602762"></p><p>再来测试！</p><p>1、停止容器</p><p>2、宿主机上修改文件</p><p>3、启动容器</p><p>4、容器内的数据依旧是同步的！</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006202110667.webp" alt="image-20211006202110667"></p><p>好处：我们以后修改只需要在本地修改即可，容器内会自动同步</p><h2 id="实战：安装MySQL"><a href="#实战：安装MySQL" class="headerlink" title="实战：安装MySQL"></a>实战：安装MySQL</h2><p>思考：mysql的数据持久化</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">获取镜像</span></span><br><span class="line">docker pull mysql:5.7</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">运行容器，需要做数据挂载！</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">安装MySQL，需要配置密码的，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">官方测试：docker run -name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">启动我们的mysql</span></span><br><span class="line">-d 后台运行</span><br><span class="line">-p 端口映射</span><br><span class="line">-v 卷挂载</span><br><span class="line">-e 环境配置</span><br><span class="line">--name 容器名字</span><br><span class="line">docker run -d -p 3310:3306 -v D:/dockertest/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v D:/dockertest/mysqldata:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 --name mysql01 mysql:5.7</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">启动成功</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>假设我们将容器删除</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006204840217.webp" alt="image-20211006204840217"></p><p>发现我们挂载到本地的数据卷依旧没有丢失，这就实现了容器数据的持久性功能</p><h2 id="具名和匿名挂载"><a href="#具名和匿名挂载" class="headerlink" title="具名和匿名挂载"></a>具名和匿名挂载</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">匿名挂载(直接写容器捏路径，不去写主机内路径，可以自动生成主机路径)</span></span><br><span class="line">-v 容器内路径</span><br><span class="line">docker run -d -P --name nginx01 -v /etc/nginx nginx</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">查看volume情况</span></span><br><span class="line">PS C:\Users\Wans> docker volume ls</span><br><span class="line">DRIVER VOLUME NAME</span><br><span class="line">local 2de53d078ecf017bc509e723f27f6b561f665c0cccf7946d62882e89493ce68a</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">这里发现，这种没有名字就是匿名挂载，我们在-v只写了容器内的路径，没写容器外的路径</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">具名挂载</span></span><br><span class="line">PS C:\Users\Wans> docker run -d -P --name nginx02 -v jvming:/etc/nginx nginx</span><br><span class="line">4e3ecbe8f7ab5c25b2a00cb882f0c744bb5c849070c7a7772fb304e7a1a4df2c</span><br><span class="line">PS C:\Users\Wans> docker volume ls</span><br><span class="line">DRIVER VOLUME NAME</span><br><span class="line">local jvming</span><br><span class="line">PS C:\Users\Wans></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">通过-v 卷名：容器内路径</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">查看一下这个卷</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006210349955.webp" alt="image-20211006210349955"><br>所有的docker容器内的卷，没有指定目录的情况下都在<code>/var/lib/docker/volumes/xxx/_data</code></p><p>我们通过具名挂载可以方便的找到我们的一个卷，大多数情况在使用的<code>具名挂载</code></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">如何确定是具名挂载还是匿名挂载，还是指定路径挂载！</span></span><br><span class="line">-v 容器内路径#匿名挂载</span><br><span class="line">-v 卷名：容器内路径#具名挂载</span><br><span class="line">-v /宿主机路径:容器内路径# 指定路径挂载！</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>拓展</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">通过-v容器内路径: ro rw 改变读写权限</span></span><br><span class="line">ro readonly # 只读</span><br><span class="line">rw readwrite # 可读可写</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">一旦这个设置了容器权限，容器对我们挂载出来的内容就有限了</span></span><br><span class="line">docker run -d -P --name nginx02 -v jvming:/etc/nginx:ro nginx</span><br><span class="line">docker run -d -P --name nginx02 -v jvming:/etc/nginx:rw nginx</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">ro只要看到ro说明这个路径只能通过宿主机来操作，容器内部无法操作</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="初始Dockerfile"><a href="#初始Dockerfile" class="headerlink" title="初始Dockerfile"></a>初始Dockerfile</h2><p>Dockerfile就是用来构建dockers镜像的构建文件！命令脚本、先体验一下！</p><figure class="highlight dockerfile"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 创建Dockerfile文件，名字可以随意，建议dockerfile</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">FROM</span> centos</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">VOLUME</span><span class="language-bash"> [<span class="string">"volume01"</span>,<span class="string">"volume02"</span>]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CMD</span><span class="language-bash"> <span class="built_in">echo</span> <span class="string">"----end----"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CMD</span><span class="language-bash"> /bin/bash</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006221917614.webp" alt="image-20211006221917614"></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">启动自己写的容器</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006222316149.webp" alt="image-20211006222316149"></p><p>这个卷和外部一定是同步的</p><p>测试一下刚才的文件是否同步出去了！</p><p>这种方式我们未来使用的十分多，因为我们通常会构建自己的镜像！</p><p>假设构建镜像时候没有挂载卷，要手动镜像挂载-v卷名:容器内路径！</p><h2 id="数据卷容器"><a href="#数据卷容器" class="headerlink" title="数据卷容器"></a>数据卷容器</h2><p>多个mysql同步数据！</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006223333496.webp" alt="image-20211006223333496"></p><figure class="highlight 1c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta"># 启动3个容器，通过我们刚才自己的写镜像启动</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006224547475.webp" alt="image-20211006224547475"></p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006224352364.webp" alt="image-20211006224352364"></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">测试，删除docker01，查看docker02和docker03依旧可以访问volume</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211006225002861.webp" alt="image-20211006225002861"></p><p>多个mysql实现数据共享</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker run -d -p 3310:3306 -v /etc/mysql/conf.d -v /var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 --name mysql01 mysql:5.7</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">docker run -d -p 3310:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 --name mysql02 --volome-from mysql01 mysql:5.7</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">这时候可以实现两个容器数据同步</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>结论：</p><p>容器之间的配置信息的传递，数据卷容器的生命周期一直持续到没有容器使用为止！！</p><p>但是一旦你持久化到本地这个时候，本地的数据不会删除</p><h1 id="Dockerfile"><a href="#Dockerfile" class="headerlink" title="Dockerfile"></a>Dockerfile</h1><h2 id="Dockerfile介绍"><a href="#Dockerfile介绍" class="headerlink" title="Dockerfile介绍"></a>Dockerfile介绍</h2><p>dockerfile是用来构建docker镜像的文件！命令参数脚本！</p><p>构建步骤：</p><p>1、编写dockerfile文件</p><p>2、docker build 构建成为一个镜像</p><p>3、docker run 运行镜像</p><p>4、docker push 发布镜像（dockerhub、阿里云镜像仓库）</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211007061934942.webp" alt="image-20211007061934942"></p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211007062001424.webp" alt="image-20211007062001424"></p><p>很多官方镜像都是基础包好的功能没有，我们提出会搭建自己的镜像</p><h2 id="Dockerfile构建过程"><a href="#Dockerfile构建过程" class="headerlink" title="Dockerfile构建过程"></a>Dockerfile构建过程</h2><p><strong>基础知识</strong></p><p>1、每个保留关键字（指令）都是必须是大写字母</p><p>2、执行是从上到下顺序执行</p><p>3、# 表示注释</p><p>4、每个指令都会创建提交一个新的镜像层，并提交</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211007062549193.webp" alt="image-20211007062549193"></p><p>步骤：开发、部署、运维、缺一不可</p><p>dockerfile：构建文件，定义一切的步骤，源代码</p><p>dockerimages：通过dockerfile构建生成的镜像，最终发布和运行的产品</p><p>docker容器：容器就是镜像运行起来提供服务器</p><h2 id="Dockerfile的指令"><a href="#Dockerfile的指令" class="headerlink" title="Dockerfile的指令"></a>Dockerfile的指令</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">FROM# 基础镜像，一切从这里开始构建</span><br><span class="line">MAINTAINER# 镜像构建者信息：姓名+邮箱</span><br><span class="line">RUN# 镜像构建的时候要运行的命令</span><br><span class="line">ADD# 步骤：tomecat镜像，这个tomcat压缩包！添加内容</span><br><span class="line">WORKDIR# 镜像的工作目录</span><br><span class="line">VOLUME# 挂载的目录</span><br><span class="line">EXPOST# 保留端口配置</span><br><span class="line">CMD# 指定这个容器启动的时候要运行的命令,只有最后一个会生效，可被替代</span><br><span class="line">ENTRYPOINT# 指定这个容器启动的时候要运行的命令</span><br><span class="line">ONBUILD# 当构建一个被继承Dockerfile这个时候就会运行ONBUILD的指令，出发指令</span><br><span class="line">COPY# 类似ADD，将我们文件拷贝到镜像中</span><br><span class="line">ENV# 构建的时候设置环境变量 -e</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211007064730968.webp" alt="image-20211007064730968"></p><h2 id="实战测试"><a href="#实战测试" class="headerlink" title="实战测试"></a>实战测试</h2><p>Docker hub 中99%都是从FROM scratch，然后配置需要的软件和配置来进行的构建</p><blockquote><p>创建自己的centos镜像</p></blockquote><figure class="highlight dockerfile"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 1、编写Dockerfiel文件</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># FROM centos</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># VOLUME ["volume01","volume02"]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># CMD echo "----end----"</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># CMD /bin/bash</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">FROM</span> centos</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">MAINTAINER</span> Wans<wa.ns@qq.com></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 环境变量</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ENV</span> MYPATH /usr/local</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">WORKDIR</span><span class="language-bash"> <span class="variable">$MYPATH</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">RUN</span><span class="language-bash"> yum -y install vim</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">RUN</span><span class="language-bash"> yum -y install net-tools</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">EXPOSE</span> <span class="number">80</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CMD</span><span class="language-bash"> <span class="built_in">echo</span> <span class="variable">$MYPATH</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CMD</span><span class="language-bash"> <span class="built_in">echo</span> <span class="string">"----end----"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CMD</span><span class="language-bash"> /bin/bash</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 2、通过这个文件构建镜像</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 命令 docker build -f <dockerfile文件路径> -t 镜像名:[tag]</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 3、测试运行，添加了vim和ifconfig</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211007074651332.webp" alt="image-20211007074651332"></p><p>我们可以看看镜像的历史记录，就可以永久它是怎么做的</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211007075255351.webp" alt="image-20211007075255351"></p><blockquote><p>CMD和ENTRYPOINT区别</p></blockquote><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">编写dokcerfile文件</span></span><br><span class="line">FROM centos</span><br><span class="line">CMD ["ls","-a"]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">构建镜像</span></span><br><span class="line">PS D:\dockertest> docker build -f Dockerfile -t cmdtest:0.1 .</span><br><span class="line">[+] Building 22.3s (5/5) FINISHED</span><br><span class="line"> => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 2.5s</span><br><span class="line"> => => transferring dockerfile: 381B 0.0s</span><br><span class="line"> => [internal] load .dockerignore 3.8s</span><br><span class="line"> => => transferring context: 2B 0.0s</span><br><span class="line"> => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/centos:latest 16.4s</span><br><span class="line"> => CACHED [1/1] FROM docker.io/library/centos@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177 0.0s</span><br><span class="line"> => exporting to image 0.7s</span><br><span class="line"> => => exporting layers 0.0s</span><br><span class="line"> => => writing image sha256:7d202bdf002be182b794b7f2b4c90c4fe3560c3ac4f8cebc27f1c8a94ab10a9a 0.3s</span><br><span class="line"> => => naming to docker.io/library/cmdtest:0.1 0.4s</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Use 'docker scan' to run Snyk tests against images to find vulnerabilities and learn how to fix them</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">run运行，发现<span class="built_in">ls</span> -a命令生效</span></span><br><span class="line">PS D:\dockertest> docker run cmdtest:0.1</span><br><span class="line">.</span><br><span class="line">..</span><br><span class="line">.dockerenv</span><br><span class="line">bin</span><br><span class="line">dev</span><br><span class="line">etc</span><br><span class="line">home</span><br><span class="line">lib</span><br><span class="line">lib64</span><br><span class="line">lost+found</span><br><span class="line">media</span><br><span class="line">mnt</span><br><span class="line">opt</span><br><span class="line">proc</span><br><span class="line">root</span><br><span class="line">run</span><br><span class="line">sbin</span><br><span class="line">srv</span><br><span class="line">sys</span><br><span class="line">tmp</span><br><span class="line">usr</span><br><span class="line">var</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">无法追加-l命令</span></span><br><span class="line">PS D:\dockertest> docker run cmdtest:0.1 -l</span><br><span class="line">docker: Error response from daemon: OCI runtime create failed: container_linux.go:380: starting container process caused: exec: "-l": executable file not found in $PATH: unknown.</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash">cmd的情况下 -l 替换 CMD [<span class="string">"ls"</span>,<span class="string">"-a"</span>]命令，-l不是命令所以报错！</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">使用ENTRYPOINT 则可以在run后面加-l</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>Dockerfile中很多命令都十分相似，我们需要了解他们的区别。</p><h2 id="实战：Tomcat镜像"><a href="#实战：Tomcat镜像" class="headerlink" title="实战：Tomcat镜像"></a>实战：Tomcat镜像</h2><h3 id="1、准备镜像文件tomcat压缩包，jdk的压缩包"><a href="#1、准备镜像文件tomcat压缩包，jdk的压缩包" class="headerlink" title="1、准备镜像文件tomcat压缩包，jdk的压缩包"></a>1、准备镜像文件tomcat压缩包，jdk的压缩包</h3><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211007115140033.webp" alt="image-20211007115140033"></p><h3 id="2、-编写dockerfile文件，"><a href="#2、-编写dockerfile文件，" class="headerlink" title="2、 编写dockerfile文件，"></a>2、 编写dockerfile文件，</h3><p> 官方命名<code>Dockerfile</code>,build会自动寻找这个文件，就不需要-f指定了</p><figure class="highlight dockerfile"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># vim Dockerfile</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">FROM</span> centos</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">MAINTAINER</span> Wans<wa.ns@qq.com></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 把宿主机当前上下文的read.txt拷贝到容器/usr/local/路径下</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">COPY</span><span class="language-bash"> Readme.md /usr/local/Readme.md</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 把java与tomcat添加到容器中</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ADD</span><span class="language-bash"> jdk-8u11-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ADD</span><span class="language-bash"> apache-tomcat-9.0.54.tar.gz /usr/local/</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 安装vim编辑器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">RUN</span><span class="language-bash"> yum -y install vim</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 设置工作访问时候的WORKDIR路径，登录落脚点</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ENV</span> MYPATH /usr/local</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">WORKDIR</span><span class="language-bash"> <span class="variable">$MYPATH</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 配置java与tomcat环境变量</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ENV</span> JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk-<span class="number">8</span>u11-linux-x64</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ENV</span> CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ENV</span>CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/apache-tomcat-<span class="number">9.0</span>.<span class="number">54</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ENV</span>CATALINA_BASH /usr/local/apache-tomcat-<span class="number">9.0</span>.<span class="number">54</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ENV</span>PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/lib:$CATALINA_HOME/bin</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">EXPOSE</span> <span class="number">8080</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CMD</span><span class="language-bash"> /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.54/bin/startup.sh && <span class="built_in">tail</span> -F /url/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.54/bin/logs/catalina.out</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id="3、构建镜像"><a href="#3、构建镜像" class="headerlink" title="3、构建镜像"></a>3、构建镜像</h3><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker build -t wanstomcat .</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>4、启动镜像</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker run -d -p 9090:8080 --name wanstomcat -v D:/dockertest/tomcat/test:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.54/webapps/test -v D:/dockertest/tomcat/logs/:/url/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.54/logs wanstomcat</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>5、 访问测试</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211008062543095.webp" alt="image-20211008062543095"></p><p>6、发布项目（由于做了卷挂载，我们直接本地编写项目就可以发布了）</p><h1 id="Dockers网络"><a href="#Dockers网络" class="headerlink" title="Dockers网络"></a>Dockers网络</h1><h2 id="理解Docker0"><a href="#理解Docker0" class="headerlink" title="理解Docker0"></a>理解Docker0</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">问题Docker怎么处理容器网络访问的？</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211008204301074.webp" alt="image-20211008204301074"></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">docker run -d -P --name tomcat01 tomcat</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">查看容器的内部网络地址 ip addr 因为我下载的tomcat 没有ip addr 命令</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">所以我就使用了<span class="built_in">ls</span> -la测试了一下</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">docker exec -it tomcat01 ls -la</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">PS C:\Users\Wans> docker exec -it 7c2708f0dd7a ls -la</span><br><span class="line">total 176</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Oct 6 19:10 .</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Sep 29 11:13 ..</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18994 Sep 28 13:34 BUILDING.txt</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6210 Sep 28 13:34 CONTRIBUTING.md</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 60269 Sep 28 13:34 LICENSE</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2333 Sep 28 13:34 NOTICE</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3372 Sep 28 13:34 README.md</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6905 Sep 28 13:34 RELEASE-NOTES</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16517 Sep 28 13:34 RUNNING.txt</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 19:10 bin</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Oct 8 13:05 conf</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 19:10 lib</span><br><span class="line">drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Oct 8 13:05 logs</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 19:10 native-jni-lib</span><br><span class="line">drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 19:10 temp</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 6 19:10 webapps</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Sep 28 13:34 webapps.dist</span><br><span class="line">drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 Sep 28 13:34 work</span><br><span class="line">PS C:\Users\Wans></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">linux 可以 ping 通 docker 容器内部</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote><p>原理 </p></blockquote><p>1、我们没安装一个docker容器，docker就会给docker容器分配一个ip，我们只要安装了docker就会有一个网卡Docker0桥接模式，使用的技术是evth-pair技术！</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">evth-pair 就是一对的虚拟设备接口，他们都是成对出现的，一段连着协议，一段彼此相连</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">evth-pair充当桥梁，连接各种虚拟网络设备的</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">openStac，docker容器之间的连接，ovs的连接，都是evth-pair技术</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>2、tomcat01和tomcat02直接可以ping通</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211008223737900.webp" alt="image-20211008223737900"></p><p>结论：tomcat01和tomcat02是共用一个路由器，docker0</p><p>所有的容器不指定网络的情况下，都是docker0路由器的，docker会给我们的容器分配一个默认的可用ip</p><blockquote><p>小结</p></blockquote><p>Docker使用的是Linux的桥接，宿主机中是一个docker容器的网桥 docker0</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211008224414385.webp" alt="image-20211008224414385"></p><p>Docker中的所有的网络接口都是虚拟的，虚拟转发效率高</p><p>只要容器删除，对应的一对网桥就删除</p><h2 id="–link"><a href="#–link" class="headerlink" title="–link"></a>–link</h2><blockquote><p>思考一个场景，我们就编写了一个微服务，database url = ip，项目部重启，数据库ip换掉了，我们希望可以处理这个问题，可以用名字来访问容器</p></blockquote><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">不能ping通</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">PS D:\Users\Wans\Desktop> docker <span class="built_in">exec</span> -it tomcat02 ping tomcat01</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">通过 --<span class="built_in">link</span>可以解决名字ping</span></span><br><span class="line">docker run -d -P --name tomcat03 --link tomcat02 tomcat</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">反向不可以ping通</span></span><br><span class="line">docker exec -it tomcat02 ping tomcat03</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211008230158994.webp" alt="image-20211008230158994"></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">这里看到--<span class="built_in">link</span>将tomcat02的地址写在hosts中</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>现在已经不推荐–linkl</p><p>自定义网络！！不适合docker0！</p><p>docker0问题：不支持容器名连接访问</p><h2 id="自定义网络"><a href="#自定义网络" class="headerlink" title="自定义网络"></a>自定义网络</h2><blockquote><p>查看所有的docker网络</p></blockquote><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211008230613841.webp" alt="image-20211008230613841"></p><p><strong>网络模式</strong></p><p>bridge：桥接模式（莫仍，自己创建也使用桥接模式）</p><p>host：主机模式（和宿主机共享网络）</p><p>none：不配网络</p><p>container：容器网络连通（用的少，局限大）</p><p><strong>测试</strong></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">我们直接启动的命令 --net bridge，而这个就是我们的docker0</span></span><br><span class="line">docker run -d -P --name tomcat01 tomcat</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">--net bridge（这个是默认的）</span></span><br><span class="line">docker run -d -P --name tomcat01 --net bridge tomcat</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">docker0特点：默认，域名不能访问， --<span class="built_in">link</span>可以打通连接！</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">查看创建网卡的命令</span></span><br><span class="line">PS D:\Users\Wans\Desktop> docker network create --help</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Usage: docker network create [OPTIONS] NETWORK</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Create a network</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Options:</span><br><span class="line"> --attachable Enable manual container attachment</span><br><span class="line"> --aux-address map Auxiliary IPv4 or IPv6 addresses used by</span><br><span class="line"> Network driver (default map[])</span><br><span class="line"> --config-from string The network from which to copy the configuration</span><br><span class="line"> --config-only Create a configuration only network</span><br><span class="line"> -d, --driver string Driver to manage the Network (default "bridge")</span><br><span class="line"> --gateway strings IPv4 or IPv6 Gateway for the master subnet</span><br><span class="line"> --ingress Create swarm routing-mesh network</span><br><span class="line"> --internal Restrict external access to the network</span><br><span class="line"> --ip-range strings Allocate container ip from a sub-range</span><br><span class="line"> --ipam-driver string IP Address Management Driver (default "default")</span><br><span class="line"> --ipam-opt map Set IPAM driver specific options (default map[])</span><br><span class="line"> --ipv6 Enable IPv6 networking</span><br><span class="line"> --label list Set metadata on a network</span><br><span class="line"> -o, --opt map Set driver specific options (default map[])</span><br><span class="line"> --scope string Control the network's scope</span><br><span class="line"> --subnet strings Subnet in CIDR format that represents a</span><br><span class="line"> network segment</span><br><span class="line">PS D:\Users\Wans\Desktop></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">成功创建网卡</span></span><br><span class="line">PS D:\Users\Wans\Desktop> docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.0.0/16 --gateway 192.168.0.1 mynet</span><br><span class="line">108130a48496e1f9e2b864cc3fb324dbdd4ccc1822985307773789b7c8ae6e3e</span><br><span class="line">PS D:\Users\Wans\Desktop> docker network ls</span><br><span class="line">NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE</span><br><span class="line">e02c3a9814c2 bridge bridge local</span><br><span class="line">ac450d1a3661 host host local</span><br><span class="line">108130a48496 mynet bridge local</span><br><span class="line">1e32ceb0b028 none null local</span><br><span class="line">PS D:\Users\Wans\Desktop></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211010212207280.webp" alt="image-20211010212207280"></p><h2 id="网络连通"><a href="#网络连通" class="headerlink" title="网络连通"></a>网络连通</h2><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211010212416674.webp" alt="image-20211010212416674"></p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211010212444973.webp" alt="image-20211010212444973"></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">测试打通 tomcat -mynet</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">连通之后就是将tomcat01放到了mynet网络下</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">一个容器两个ip地址 ！</span> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">相当于阿里云服务，内网ip和公网ip</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211010212709223.webp" alt="image-20211010212709223"></p><p>结论：假设要跨网络操作别人，就需要docker network connet连通</p><h2 id="实战：Redis集群"><a href="#实战：Redis集群" class="headerlink" title="实战：Redis集群"></a>实战：Redis集群</h2><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211010213235048.webp" alt="image-20211010213235048"></p><p>shell脚本！</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">创建网卡</span></span><br><span class="line">docker network create redis --subnet 172.38.0.0/16</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">通过脚本创建六个redis配置</span></span><br><span class="line">for port in $(seq 1 6); \</span><br><span class="line">do \</span><br><span class="line">mkdir -p /mydata/redis/node-${port}/conf</span><br><span class="line">touch /mydata/redis/node-${port}/conf/redis.conf</span><br><span class="line">cat << EOF >/mydata/redis/node-${port}/conf/redis.conf</span><br><span class="line">port 6379</span><br><span class="line">bind 0.0.0.0</span><br><span class="line">cluster-enabled yes</span><br><span class="line">cluster-config-file nodes.conf</span><br><span class="line">cluster-node-timeout 5000</span><br><span class="line">cluster-announce-ip 172.38.0.1${port}</span><br><span class="line">cluster-announce-port 6379</span><br><span class="line">cluster-announce-bus-port 16379</span><br><span class="line">appendonly yes</span><br><span class="line">EOF</span><br><span class="line">done</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">docker run -p 637${port}:6379 -p 1637${port}:16379 --name redis-${port} \</span><br><span class="line">-v /mydata/redis/node-${port}/data:/data \</span><br><span class="line">-v /mydata/redis/node-${port}/conf/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf \</span><br><span class="line">-d --net redis --ip 172.38.0.1${port} redis:5.0.9-alpine3.11 redis-server</span><br><span class="line">/etc/redis/redis.conf; \</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">启动6个容器</span></span><br><span class="line">docker run -p 6371:6379 -p 16371:16379 --name redis-1 \</span><br><span class="line">-v /mydata/redis/node-1/data:/data \</span><br><span class="line">-v /mydata/redis/node-1/conf/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf \</span><br><span class="line">-d --net redis --ip 172.38.0.11 redis:5.0.9-alpine3.11 redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211010220516620.webp" alt="image-20211010220516620"></p><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 进入redis</span></span><br><span class="line">docker <span class="built_in">exec</span> -it redis-1 /bin/sh</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 创建集群的配置</span></span><br><span class="line">/data <span class="comment"># redis-cli --cluster create 172.38.0.11:6379 172.38.0.12:6379 172.38.0.</span></span><br><span class="line">13:6379 172.38.0.14:6379 172.38.0.15:6379 172.38.0.16:6379 --cluster-replicas </span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">>>> Performing <span class="built_in">hash</span> slots allocation on 6 nodes...</span><br><span class="line">Master[0] -> Slots 0 - 5460</span><br><span class="line">Master[1] -> Slots 5461 - 10922</span><br><span class="line">Master[2] -> Slots 10923 - 16383</span><br><span class="line">Adding replica 172.38.0.15:6379 to 172.38.0.11:6379</span><br><span class="line">Adding replica 172.38.0.16:6379 to 172.38.0.12:6379</span><br><span class="line">Adding replica 172.38.0.14:6379 to 172.38.0.13:6379</span><br><span class="line">M: 008bae73c70dc85404d37bd5a2e50803d63c01db 172.38.0.11:6379</span><br><span class="line"> slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master</span><br><span class="line">M: 08a33c605873c8dc30fd0b883310e09647c22ef8 172.38.0.12:6379</span><br><span class="line"> slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master</span><br><span class="line">M: 08da98ed12ca231a64fb18b168df106bcdbc1132 172.38.0.13:6379</span><br><span class="line"> slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master</span><br><span class="line">S: 6c466d74c7e2b505c1732280fea7f13177467e2d 172.38.0.14:6379</span><br><span class="line"> replicates 08da98ed12ca231a64fb18b168df106bcdbc1132</span><br><span class="line">S: e24369c4771b8948325dd5ce2eb4bd99dab415d9 172.38.0.15:6379</span><br><span class="line"> replicates 008bae73c70dc85404d37bd5a2e50803d63c01db</span><br><span class="line">S: 32fc9e78674f24cefcc070052f1de39fbf54e4f2 172.38.0.16:6379</span><br><span class="line"> replicates 08a33c605873c8dc30fd0b883310e09647c22ef8</span><br><span class="line">Can I <span class="built_in">set</span> the above configuration? (<span class="built_in">type</span> <span class="string">'yes'</span> to accept): <span class="built_in">yes</span></span><br><span class="line">>>> Nodes configuration updated</span><br><span class="line">>>> Assign a different config epoch to each node</span><br><span class="line">>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to <span class="built_in">join</span> the cluster</span><br><span class="line">Waiting <span class="keyword">for</span> the cluster to <span class="built_in">join</span></span><br><span class="line">...</span><br><span class="line">>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 172.38.0.11:6379)</span><br><span class="line">M: 008bae73c70dc85404d37bd5a2e50803d63c01db 172.38.0.11:6379</span><br><span class="line"> slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master</span><br><span class="line"> 1 additional replica(s)</span><br><span class="line">M: 08a33c605873c8dc30fd0b883310e09647c22ef8 172.38.0.12:6379</span><br><span class="line"> slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master</span><br><span class="line"> 1 additional replica(s)</span><br><span class="line">S: 32fc9e78674f24cefcc070052f1de39fbf54e4f2 172.38.0.16:6379</span><br><span class="line"> slots: (0 slots) slave</span><br><span class="line"> replicates 08a33c605873c8dc30fd0b883310e09647c22ef8</span><br><span class="line">S: 6c466d74c7e2b505c1732280fea7f13177467e2d 172.38.0.14:6379</span><br><span class="line"> slots: (0 slots) slave</span><br><span class="line"> replicates 08da98ed12ca231a64fb18b168df106bcdbc1132</span><br><span class="line">S: e24369c4771b8948325dd5ce2eb4bd99dab415d9 172.38.0.15:6379</span><br><span class="line"> slots: (0 slots) slave</span><br><span class="line"> replicates 008bae73c70dc85404d37bd5a2e50803d63c01db</span><br><span class="line">M: 08da98ed12ca231a64fb18b168df106bcdbc1132 172.38.0.13:6379</span><br><span class="line"> slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master</span><br><span class="line"> 1 additional replica(s)</span><br><span class="line">[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.</span><br><span class="line">>>> Check <span class="keyword">for</span> open slots...</span><br><span class="line">>>> Check slots coverage...</span><br><span class="line">[OK] All 16384 slots covered.</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>Docker搭建redis集群完成</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211010221506757.webp" alt="image-20211010221506757"></p><p>我们使用了docker之后，所有的技术都会简单</p><h1 id="SpringBoot微服务打包Docker镜像"><a href="#SpringBoot微服务打包Docker镜像" class="headerlink" title="SpringBoot微服务打包Docker镜像"></a>SpringBoot微服务打包Docker镜像</h1><p>1、使用 IDEA 构建一个 SpringBoot 项目</p><p>2、编写一个helloController</p><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@RestController</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">HelloController</span> {</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@GetMapping("/hello")</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title function_">hello</span><span class="params">()</span>{</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">"hello,kuangshen"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>3、启动测试下，端口修改下，避免8080冲突！本地访问没问题就可以！</p><p>4、打jar包</p><p><img src="/Docker%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/image-20211010223916639.webp" alt="image-20211010223916639"></p><p>有了 jar 包，我们就可以作镜像了！ 记得测试一下jar包可以使用吗！</p><h2 id="打包镜像"><a href="#打包镜像" class="headerlink" title="打包镜像"></a>打包镜像</h2><p>1、在项目下编写 Dockerfile 文件，将打包好的jar包拷贝到Dockerfile同级目录</p><figure class="highlight dockerfile"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">FROM</span> java:<span class="number">8</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 服务器只有dockerfile和jar在同级目录</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">COPY</span><span class="language-bash"> *.jar /app.jar</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CMD</span><span class="language-bash"> [<span class="string">"--server.port=8080"</span>]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 指定容器内要暴露的端口</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">EXPOSE</span> <span class="number">8080</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ENTRYPOINT</span><span class="language-bash"> [<span class="string">"java"</span>,<span class="string">"-jar"</span>,<span class="string">"/app.jar"</span>]</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>2、将Dockerfile 和 项目的 jar 包上传到linux服务器上，构建运行</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root@kuangshen idea]# pwd</span><br><span class="line">/home/idea</span><br><span class="line">[root@kuangshen idea]# ll</span><br><span class="line">total 17228</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17634294 May 14 12:33 demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 207 May 14 12:32 Dockerfile</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">构建镜像</span></span><br><span class="line">docker build -t idea-ks .</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">查看镜像</span></span><br><span class="line">docker images</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">运行</span></span><br><span class="line">docker run -d -P --name idea-ks idea-ks</span><br><span class="line">[root@kuangshen ~]# docker ps</span><br><span class="line">CONTAINER ID IMAGE PORTS NAMES</span><br><span class="line">2366c960ba99 idea-ks 0.0.0.0:32779->8080/tcp idea-ks1</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">测试访问</span></span><br><span class="line">[root@kuangshen ~]# curl localhost:32779</span><br><span class="line">[root@kuangshen ~]# curl localhost:32779/hello</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="Docker-Compose"><a href="#Docker-Compose" class="headerlink" title="Docker Compose"></a>Docker Compose</h1><h2 id="安装Docker-compose"><a href="#安装Docker-compose" class="headerlink" title="安装Docker-compose"></a>安装Docker-compose</h2><p>1、下载安装</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">这个可能快点！</span></span><br><span class="line">curl -L https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` > /usr/local/bin/docker-compose</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">添加执行权限</span></span><br><span class="line">sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>2、体验</p><h2 id="博客WordPress"><a href="#博客WordPress" class="headerlink" title="博客WordPress"></a>博客WordPress</h2><p>1、下载，安装数据库、配置、、</p><p>compse应用—》一键启动</p><p>1、下载项目（docker-compose.yam)</p><p>2、如果需要文件，dockerfile</p><p>3、文件准备齐全一键启动</p><p>创建docker-compose.yml</p><p>将下面脚本写入</p><p>然后执行docker-compose up</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">version: "3.9"</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">services:</span><br><span class="line"> db:</span><br><span class="line"> image: mysql:5.7</span><br><span class="line"> volumes:</span><br><span class="line"> - db_data:/var/lib/mysql</span><br><span class="line"> restart: always</span><br><span class="line"> environment:</span><br><span class="line"> MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: somewordpress</span><br><span class="line"> MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress</span><br><span class="line"> MYSQL_USER: wordpress</span><br><span class="line"> MYSQL_PASSWORD: wordpress</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> wordpress:</span><br><span class="line"> depends_on:</span><br><span class="line"> - db</span><br><span class="line"> image: wordpress:latest</span><br><span class="line"> volumes:</span><br><span class="line"> - wordpress_data:/var/www/html</span><br><span class="line"> ports:</span><br><span class="line"> - "8000:80"</span><br><span class="line"> restart: always</span><br><span class="line"> environment:</span><br><span class="line"> WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: db:3306</span><br><span class="line"> WORDPRESS_DB_USER: wordpress</span><br><span class="line"> WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: wordpress</span><br><span class="line"> WORDPRESS_DB_NAME: wordpress</span><br><span class="line">volumes:</span><br><span class="line"> db_data: {}</span><br><span class="line"> wordpress_data: {}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>前台启动</p><p>docker -d</p><p>docker-compose up -d</p>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> Docker </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> Docker </tag>
<tag> 瞎学 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Python列表</title>
<link href="/posts/19235/"/>
<url>/posts/19235/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><img src="/Python%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8/image-20211006000059728.webp" alt="image-20211006000059728"></p><p>pycharm Code 配置</p><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : ${DATE} ${TIME}</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : ${NAME}.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Sofware : ${PRODUCT_NAME}</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/3/8 10:46</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : list01.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Sofware : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">翻转：reverse()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">pop 弹栈 移除列表最后一个，返回值是删除的那个元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">hotpot_list = [<span class="string">'海底捞'</span>, <span class="string">'呷哺'</span>, <span class="string">'张亮麻辣烫'</span>, <span class="string">'热辣一号'</span>, <span class="string">'宽板凳'</span>]</span><br><span class="line">hotpot_list.append(<span class="string">'张亮麻辣烫'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(hotpot_list)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(hotpot_list.remove(<span class="string">'张亮麻辣烫'</span>))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(hotpot_list)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(hotpot_list.pop())</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(hotpot_list)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">sorted(lits)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">list.sort()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line">l = [<span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">68</span>, <span class="number">9</span>]</span><br><span class="line">l.sort(reverse=<span class="literal">False</span>) <span class="comment"># 升序</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(l)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 声明</span></span><br><span class="line">names = [<span class="string">'jack'</span>, <span class="string">'tom'</span>, <span class="string">'lucy'</span>, <span class="string">'superman'</span>, <span class="string">'ironman'</span>]</span><br><span class="line">computer_brands = []</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 地址</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(id(names))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(id(computer_brands))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 元素的获取： 下标 索引</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(names[0])</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(names[1])</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 获取最后一个元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(names[-1])</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 结合循环</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'___________________'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> name <span class="keyword">in</span> names:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(name)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 查询names里面有没有保存超人</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('________________')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># for name in names:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if name == 'superman':</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(name)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># break</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># else:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('没有超人在里面')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 简便</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if 'superman' in names: # 判断有没有</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('有超人在里面')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># else:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('没有超人在里面')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/3/8 11:07</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : list02.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Sofware : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 增删改</span></span><br><span class="line">brands = [<span class="string">'hp'</span>, <span class="string">'dell'</span>, <span class="string">'thinkpad'</span>, <span class="string">'支持华为'</span>, <span class="string">'lenovo'</span>, <span class="string">'mac'</span>, <span class="string">'神舟'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 改</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(brands)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(brands[-<span class="number">1</span>])</span><br><span class="line">brands[-<span class="number">1</span>] = <span class="string">'HASEE'</span> <span class="comment"># 赋值 步骤：1.找到(使用下标）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(brands)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'+++++++++++'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># HUAWEI</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># for brand in brands:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if '华为' in brand:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># brands[brands.index('华为')] = 'HUAWEI'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(brands)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># break</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="built_in">len</span>(brands)):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="string">'华为'</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> brands[i]:</span><br><span class="line"> brands[i] = <span class="string">'HUAWEI'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(brands)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 删除 del</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># del brands[2]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(brands)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 删除 只要是hp，mac 都要删除</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># for i in range(len(brands)):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if 'hp' in brands[i]:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># del brands[i]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if 'mac' in brands[i]:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># del brands[i]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># break</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(brands)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">l = <span class="built_in">len</span>(brands)</span><br><span class="line">i = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> i < l:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="string">'hp'</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> brands[i] <span class="keyword">or</span> <span class="string">'mac'</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> brands[i]:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">del</span> brands[i]</span><br><span class="line"> l -= <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">continue</span></span><br><span class="line"> i += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(brands)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">they are students</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">yews</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">['hello', 'good', 'apple', 'world', 'digit', 'alpha']</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">hello</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line">name_list = [<span class="string">'hello'</span>, <span class="string">'good'</span>, <span class="string">'apple'</span>, <span class="string">'world'</span>, <span class="string">'digit'</span>, <span class="string">'alpha'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">result = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'请输入要删除的元素：'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="built_in">len</span>(name_list)):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> result <span class="keyword">in</span> name_list[i]:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">del</span> name_list[i]</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(name_list)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/3/8 12:50</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : list04.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Sofware : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># s = 'abcdefg' s[2:5]</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">list1 = [<span class="string">'杨超越'</span>, <span class="string">'迪丽热巴'</span>, <span class="string">'佟丽娅'</span>, <span class="string">'杨幂'</span>, <span class="string">'赵丽颖'</span>, <span class="string">'刘亦菲'</span>, <span class="string">'黑嘉嘉'</span>, <span class="number">100</span>, <span class="number">99.99</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(list1)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(list1[<span class="number">3</span>])</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(list1.index(<span class="string">'杨幂'</span>))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 切片</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(list1[<span class="number">3</span>:<span class="number">6</span>])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(list1[-<span class="number">3</span>:-<span class="number">1</span>])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(list1[-<span class="number">1</span>::-<span class="number">1</span>])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br><span class="line">110</span><br><span class="line">111</span><br><span class="line">112</span><br><span class="line">113</span><br><span class="line">114</span><br><span class="line">115</span><br><span class="line">116</span><br><span class="line">117</span><br><span class="line">118</span><br><span class="line">119</span><br><span class="line">120</span><br><span class="line">121</span><br><span class="line">122</span><br><span class="line">123</span><br><span class="line">124</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/3/8 13:15</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : list05.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Sofware : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # list列表添加</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 临时小数据库</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 创建一个空列表</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># girls = []</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # quit 表示退出</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # while True:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # name = input('请输入你心目中的美女的名字：')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # if name == 'quit':</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # break</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # # 列表的函数使用：append extends insert</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # # append() 末尾追加</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # girls.append(name)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># #</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # print(girls)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # extend 类似列表的合并</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># names = ['黑嘉嘉', '孙俪', '巩俐', '王丽坤']</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # name = input('请输入你心目中的美女的名字：')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># girls.extend(names)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(girls)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 符号 + 也可以用于列表的合并</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># girls = girls+names</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(girls)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # insert 插入</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # ['杨幂', '黑嘉嘉', '孙俪', '巩俐', '王丽坤']</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 0 1 2 3 4</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # append 末尾添加</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # insert 指定位置添加</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # extend 一次添加多个元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># girls.insert(1,'刘涛')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(girls)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('--------------')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 产生10个随机数，将其保存在列表</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># import random</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># random_list = []</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # for i in range(10):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # ran = random.randint(1, 99)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # random_list.append(ran)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # print(random_list)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # random_list = []</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # for i in range(10):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # ran = random.randint(1, 10)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # # if ran in random_list:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # # pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # # else:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # # random_list.append(ran)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # if ran not in random_list:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # random_list.append(ran)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # print(random_list)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># i = 0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># while i < 10:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># ran = random.randint(0, 99)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if ran not in random_list:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># random_list.append(ran)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># i += 1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(random_list)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 找出列表最大值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(max(random_list))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(min(random_list))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('--------------求最大值-------------')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># mvalue = random_list[0]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># minvalue = random_list[0]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># for i in random_list:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if i > mvalue:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># mvalue = i</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if i < minvalue:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># minvalue = i</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('最大值：%s，最小值：%s' % (mvalue, minvalue))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('求和')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('计算机求和', sum(random_list))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 声明累加的变量和</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># sum = 0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># for i in random_list:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># sum *= i</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(sum)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 排序：sort排序</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(sorted(random_list, reverse=True))</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'-------自己写排序------'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 自己写排序</span></span><br><span class="line">num_list1 = [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">16</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">18</span>, <span class="number">9</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>]</span><br><span class="line">num_list2 = []</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> num_list1:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> b <span class="keyword">in</span> num_list1[i + <span class="number">1</span>]:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> i > b:</span><br><span class="line"> num_list2.append(num_list1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># while i < len(num_list1):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if num_list1[i] < num_list1[i+1]:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># num_list2.append(num_list1[i])</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># i += 1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># else:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># num_list2.append(num_list1[i])</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># i += 1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(num_list2)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/3/14 12:29</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : list_算法.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Sofware : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">str()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">int()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">len()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">list()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">sorted()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">print()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">input()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">enumerate():函数用于将一个可遍历的数据对象（如列表，元组或字符串）组合微一个案例</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># l1 = ['a', 'abc', 'jk', 'opop']</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># for index, value in enumerate(l1):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(index, value)</span></span><br><span class="line">numbers = [<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">9</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">96</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">5</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(numbers.sort(reverse=True))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(numbers)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(sorted(numbers))</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 自定义排序方法</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="built_in">len</span>(numbers)):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># number[i] = 5</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> j <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(i + <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="built_in">len</span>(numbers)):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> numbers[i] > numbers[j]:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 快速交换位置</span></span><br><span class="line"> numbers[i], numbers[j] = numbers[j], numbers[i]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(numbers)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> Python </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>python函数调用</title>
<link href="/posts/28879/"/>
<url>/posts/28879/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="函数嵌套调用"><a href="#函数嵌套调用" class="headerlink" title="函数嵌套调用"></a>函数嵌套调用</h1><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">a</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'AAAAAAA'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">b</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 调用函数a</span></span><br><span class="line"> a()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'BBBBBBB'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">c</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> b()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'CCCCCCC'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">c()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h1 id="例子"><a href="#例子" class="headerlink" title="例子"></a>例子</h1><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 定义函数：随机数产生</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 自动格式化Ctrl+Alt+L</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> random</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">generate_random</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="number">20</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> ran = random.randint(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">20</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(ran)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(generate_random)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># <function generate_random at 0x000002755D17E040></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 函数名 函数 在 内存地址</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用：函数名() 找到函数并执行函数体</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------1------'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">generate_random()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------2------'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">generate_random()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 函数：带参数的</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> random</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">generate_random</span>(<span class="params">ran, ranmin, ranmax</span>): <span class="comment"># 形参，用来占位的参数，这里是ran，ranmin，ranmax</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(ran):</span><br><span class="line"> ran1 = random.randint(ranmin, ranmax)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(ran1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">num = <span class="built_in">int</span>(<span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'请输入要产生的随机数个数：'</span>))</span><br><span class="line">num2 = <span class="built_in">int</span>(<span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'请输入要产生的随机数范围最小值：'</span>))</span><br><span class="line">num3 = <span class="built_in">int</span>(<span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'请输入要产生的随机数范围最大值：'</span>))</span><br><span class="line">generate_random(num, num2, num3) <span class="comment"># 实参 实际参数，具体的值</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 求加法的函数</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">add</span>(<span class="params">a, b</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'加起来等于'</span>, a + b)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">a = <span class="built_in">int</span>(<span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入第一个数：'</span>))</span><br><span class="line">b = <span class="built_in">int</span>(<span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入第二个数：'</span>))</span><br><span class="line">add(a, b)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">定义一个登录的函数，参数是：username，password</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">函数体：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">判断参数传过来的是username，password是否正确，如果正确则登录成功，否则打印失败</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 函数的定义</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">login</span>(<span class="params">username, password</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> uname = <span class="string">'admin123'</span></span><br><span class="line"> pwd = <span class="string">'112233'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="number">3</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> username == uname <span class="keyword">and</span> password == pwd:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'输入正确'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'输入错误'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> username = <span class="built_in">str</span>(<span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入用户名：'</span>))</span><br><span class="line"> password = <span class="built_in">str</span>(<span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入密码：'</span>))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'账户锁定！'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">username = <span class="built_in">str</span>(<span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入用户名：'</span>))</span><br><span class="line">password = <span class="built_in">str</span>(<span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入密码：'</span>))</span><br><span class="line">login(username, password)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 找出列表的最大值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 自己封装一个求最大值函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">max</span>(<span class="params">iterable</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">max</span> = iterable[<span class="number">0</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> iterable:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> i > <span class="built_in">max</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">max</span> = i</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'最大值是：'</span>, <span class="built_in">max</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用：测试是否能找出最大值</span></span><br><span class="line">list1 = [<span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">max</span>(list1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">tuple1 = (<span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">max</span>(tuple1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># sort min reverse</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">type</span>(tuple1)) <span class="comment"># 查看是什么类型</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 判断是不是什么类型：isinstance</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">isinstance</span>(<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="built_in">int</span>)) <span class="comment"># 返回值是False，True</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">isinstance</span>(tuple1, <span class="built_in">tuple</span>))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 可变参数</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def add(*args):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(args)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add(1)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 定义方式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def add(*args):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # *args的用法：当传入的参数个数未知，且不需要知道参数名称时。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # print(args)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># sum = 0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if len(args) > 0:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># for i in args:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># sum += i</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('累加的和是sum:', sum)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># else:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('没有元素可计算，sum：', sum)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add(1)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add(1, 2)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add(1, 2, 3, 4)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># xxx计算出来的累加和是：xxx</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">add</span>(<span class="params">name, age, *args</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># **args的用法：当传入的参数个数未知，但需要知道参数的名称时(立马想到了字典，即键值对)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(args, name)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">sum</span> = <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="built_in">len</span>(args) > <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> args:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">sum</span> += i</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'{}累加的和：sum：{}'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(name, <span class="built_in">sum</span>))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'没有元素可计算：sum：'</span>, <span class="built_in">sum</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用</span></span><br><span class="line">add(<span class="string">'菲菲'</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">8</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 注意：可变参数必须放在后面：name，*args</span></span><br><span class="line">add(<span class="string">'我'</span>, <span class="number">10</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># name,age, *args='我',10</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 可变参数 + 关键字参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 关键字参数：key=value 键值对</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def add(a, b=10): # 关键字参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># result = a + b</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(result)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 调用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add(5)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add(4, 7) # a=4,b=7 覆盖默认值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def add1(a, b=10, c=4):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># result = a + b + c</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(result)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add1(1)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add1(1, 5) # 给b赋值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add1(1, c=6) # 直接将6赋值给c</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 函数：打印每位同学姓名和年龄</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line">studens = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'001'</span>: (<span class="string">'蔡徐坤'</span>, <span class="number">20</span>),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'002'</span>: (<span class="string">'王源'</span>, <span class="number">18</span>),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'003'</span>: (<span class="string">'王俊凯'</span>, <span class="number">21</span>),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'004'</span>: (<span class="string">'易烊千玺'</span>, <span class="number">19</span>)</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">print_boy</span>(<span class="params">name, **persons</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'{}喜欢吃肉肉'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(name))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="built_in">isinstance</span>(persons, <span class="built_in">dict</span>): <span class="comment"># 判断是不是什么类型：isinstance，这里判断是不是person是不是字典类型</span></span><br><span class="line"> values = persons.values() <span class="comment"># 如果是字典，那么使用values接受字典里面的键值对</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># print(values) # 输出字典</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> name, age <span class="keyword">in</span> values: <span class="comment"># 使用name和age接受values中的键值对</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'{}的年龄是{}'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(name, age)) <span class="comment"># 循环输出字典中的元素</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">print_boy(<span class="string">'健健'</span>, **studens)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def func(**key):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(key)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># func(a=1, b=1, c=1)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># dict1 = {'001': 'python', '002': 'java', '004': 'c++'}</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># func(**dict1)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">使用函数的时候：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">def aa(*kwargs):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">aa</span>(<span class="params">**kwargs</span>): <span class="comment"># 只要在定义函数的时候加入**就是装包</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(kwargs)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">aa(a=<span class="number">1</span>, b=<span class="string">'hello'</span>, c=<span class="string">'tom'</span>) <span class="comment"># 装包成字典</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 如果在开发的时候，已知一个字典</span></span><br><span class="line">dict1 = {<span class="string">'a'</span>: <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>: <span class="string">'hello'</span>, <span class="string">'c'</span>: <span class="string">'tom'</span>}</span><br><span class="line">aa(**dict1) <span class="comment"># 只要在调用函数的时候加入**就是拆包</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">bb</span>(<span class="params">a, b, *c, **d</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(a, b, c, d)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">bb(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>) <span class="comment"># 打印两个参数 1 2 一个元组，一个字典</span></span><br><span class="line">bb(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>) <span class="comment"># 打印 ，1 2 (3,4) {}</span></span><br><span class="line">bb(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, x=<span class="number">100</span>, y=<span class="number">200</span>) <span class="comment"># 1 2 () {'x':100,'y':200}</span></span><br><span class="line">bb(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, x=<span class="number">100</span>) <span class="comment"># 1 2 (3,) {'x':100}</span></span><br><span class="line">bb(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, x=<span class="number">100</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func</span>(<span class="params">a, *args</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'{}{}'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(a, args))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">func(<span class="number">2</span>, [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">23</span>, <span class="number">4</span>], <span class="string">'fad'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func2</span>(<span class="params">a, b=<span class="number">10</span>, c=<span class="number">3</span>, **kwargs</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(a, b, c, kwargs)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">func2(<span class="number">1</span>) <span class="comment"># 1 10 3 {} 给默认值所以可传入一个参数</span></span><br><span class="line">func2(<span class="number">2</span>, b=<span class="number">11</span>) <span class="comment"># 2 11 3 {}</span></span><br><span class="line">func2(<span class="number">3</span>, c=<span class="number">5</span>, b=<span class="number">7</span>, x=<span class="number">1</span>, y=<span class="number">2</span>) <span class="comment"># 3 7 5 {'x': 1, 'y': 2}，传值的时候可以打乱位置</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func3</span>(<span class="params">a, *args, **kwargs</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(a, args, kwargs)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">t = (<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>)</span><br><span class="line">func3(<span class="number">1</span>, t) <span class="comment"># 1 ((1, 2, 3, 4),) {}</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">l = [<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">8</span>]</span><br><span class="line">func3(<span class="number">1</span>, l, c=<span class="number">9</span>, b=<span class="number">6</span>) <span class="comment"># 1 ([2, 5, 8],) {'c': 9, 'b': 6}</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">dict1 = {<span class="string">'1'</span>: <span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="string">'2'</span>: <span class="string">'b'</span>, <span class="string">'3'</span>: <span class="string">'c'</span>}</span><br><span class="line">func3(<span class="number">1</span>, *l, **dict1) <span class="comment"># 1 (2, 5, 8) {'1': 'a', '2': 'b', '3': 'c'} # *拆列表 **拆字典</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func1</span>(<span class="params">name, *args</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="built_in">len</span>(args) > <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> args: <span class="comment"># 这里args是元组</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'{}学过了{}'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(name, i))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'没有学过任何语言'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">courses = [<span class="string">'html'</span>, <span class="string">'mysql'</span>, <span class="string">'c++'</span>, <span class="string">'python'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用函数</span></span><br><span class="line">func1(<span class="string">'健健'</span>, *courses) <span class="comment"># *拆列表（拆包）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">无参数函数：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func():</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func() ---调用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 有参数函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1.普通参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(name,age):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func('aa',19) --->形参与实参的个数要一致</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2.可变参数：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> A.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(*args):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func() ----> 函数调用时，实参的个数可以没有，也可以多个，*不能是关键字参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func(4) </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func(5,'h')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> B.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(**kwargs):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func(a=1,b=2)----> 函数调用时，实参的个数可以没有，也可以多个，**必须是关键字参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> C.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(*args,**kwargs):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> list1 = [1,2,3,4,5]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> dict1 = {'1':'a','2':'b','3':'c'}</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func(*list1,**dict1) 拆包func(1,2,3,4,5,'1':'a','2':'b','3':'c')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> D.混用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(name,*args,*8kwargs):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func('tom') ---->必须赋值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">3.默认值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(name,age=18):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func('tom') ----> tom 18</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func('tom',age = 20) ---->关键字赋值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 返回值：将函数中运算的结果通过return关键字‘扔’出来</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 如果使用print这个值就不会出来只会在def内部打印，外面是接受不到的</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def add(a, b): # 加载</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># result = a + b</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # print(result)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># return '这都不会', result</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 调用函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # add(2, 4) 这里只能打印函数中的print内容不会接收return</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># x, y = add(2, 4)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(x, y)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">return 返回值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1.return后面可以是一个参数 接收的时候x=add(1,2)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2.return后面也可以是多个参数，如果是多个参数则底层会将多个参数先放在一个元组中，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 将元组作为整体返回 x=add(1,2) x--> (1,2,3)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">3.接收的时候也可以是多个：return 'hello','world' x,y = ('hello','world') --->x = 'hello' y = 'world'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">加入购物车</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">判断用户是否登录，如果登录，成功加入购物车，否则提示请登录之后添加</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">成功 True 不成功 False</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">def add_shoppingcart(goodsName):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">def login(username,password):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">调用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># isLogin = False</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def add_shoppingcart(goodsName):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if isLogin and goodsName:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('成功将{}加入到购物车！！！'.format(goodsName))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># else:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('用户没有登录！或者没有添加如何商品请登录之后添加')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># return isLogin</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def login(username, password):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if username == 'zhao' and password == '123456':</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># return True</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># else:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('登录失败用户名或者密码错误')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># return False</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 调用函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># while True:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># username = input('输入用户名：')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># password = input('输入密码：')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># isLogin = login(username, password)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># y = add_shoppingcart('榴莲')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if isLogin:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># break</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">isLogin = <span class="literal">False</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">add_shoppingcart</span>(<span class="params">goodsName</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">global</span> isLogin</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> isLogin:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> goodsName:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'成功将{}加入到购物车！！！'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(goodsName))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'没有选中任何商品'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> answer = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'没有登录！是否登录(yes/no)'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> answer == <span class="string">'yes'</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 登录</span></span><br><span class="line"> username = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入用户名：'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> password = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入密码：'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 调用login</span></span><br><span class="line"> isLogin = login(username, password) <span class="comment"># 在一个函数中调用另外一个函数 将login函数中return的值赋值给islogin</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(isLogin)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> isLogin</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'很遗憾，不能添加如何商品'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> isLogin</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">login</span>(<span class="params">username, password</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> username == <span class="string">'zhao'</span> <span class="keyword">and</span> password == <span class="string">'123456'</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">True</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">False</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用函数</span></span><br><span class="line">username = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">"请输入用户名："</span>)</span><br><span class="line">password = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">"请输入密码："</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># shoping = input("请输入你要买的商品：")</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add_shoppingcart(shoping)</span></span><br><span class="line">isLogin = login(username, password)</span><br><span class="line">add_shoppingcart(<span class="string">"isLogin"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 函数综合应用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># '''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 用户登录</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 输入密码</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 输入验证码 --->封装函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># '''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> random</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 我写的</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def yzm():</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 生成验证码</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># code = ''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># ymzs = 'qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmQWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM0987654321'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># for i in range(4):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># a = random.randint(0, len(ymzs) - 1)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># code += ymzs[a]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('验证码是', code)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># return code</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def yz(codes):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 判断验证码</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if codes == x:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># return '验证码正确'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # print('验证码正确')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># else:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># return '验证码错误'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # print('验证码错误')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def login(username, password, codes, x):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if username == '1' and password == '1' and codes == x.lower():</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('登录成功')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if codes != x.lower():</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('登录失败，验证码错误')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># else:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('登录失败，密码或用户名错误')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># x = yzm()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># username = input('请输入用户名：')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># password = input('请输入密码：')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># codes = input('请输入验证码')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># cdoes = codes.lower()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># login(username, password, codes, x)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if codes == x.lower():</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('验证码正确')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># else:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('登录失败，验证码错误')</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 定义一个生成验证码函数 老师写的</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">generate_chekcode</span>(<span class="params">n</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> code = <span class="string">''</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(n):</span><br><span class="line"> str1 = <span class="string">'qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmQWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM0987654321'</span></span><br><span class="line"> a = random.randint(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="built_in">len</span>(str1) - <span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> code += str1[a]</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> code</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 定义登录函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">login</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> username = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入用户名：'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> password = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入密码：'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 得到一个验证码</span></span><br><span class="line"> code = generate_chekcode(<span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'验证码是：'</span>, code)</span><br><span class="line"> code1 = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入验证码：'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 验证</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> code1.lower() == code.lower():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'验证码正确'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> username == <span class="string">'admin'</span> <span class="keyword">and</span> password == <span class="string">'admin'</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'登录成功'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'登录失败，用户名或密码有误！！！'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'验证码不正确'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">login()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 局部和全局</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 如果修改的变量是全局变量时，在函数中修改时需要加global</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 如果修改的变量是可变的时候，不需要在函数中加global</span></span><br><span class="line">name = <span class="string">'月月'</span></span><br><span class="line">list1 = [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> name = <span class="string">'蕊蕊'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(name)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(list1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func1</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">global</span> name</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(name)</span><br><span class="line"> name += <span class="string">'真漂亮'</span></span><br><span class="line"> list1.append(<span class="number">8</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(list1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func2</span>(): <span class="comment"># 可以使用不同的变量名字来使用global，不要和global起一样的名字</span></span><br><span class="line"> name1 = <span class="string">'lucy'</span></span><br><span class="line"> name1 += <span class="string">'嘻嘻'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">global</span> name</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(name)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">func1()</span><br><span class="line">func()</span><br><span class="line">func2()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># global 变量的范围</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 局部变量 全局变量</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 声明在函数外层的是全局的，所有函数都可以访问。（不能修改）</span></span><br><span class="line">name = <span class="string">'丽丽'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 函数内部声明的变量，局部变量，局部变量仅限于函数内部使用</span></span><br><span class="line"> s = <span class="string">'abcd'</span></span><br><span class="line"> s += <span class="string">'X'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(s, name)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(s) 报错</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func1</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">global</span> name <span class="comment"># 声明我使用的是全局变量，声明之后就可以修改全局变量，</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># print(s)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'没有修改的name'</span>, name) <span class="comment"># 报错：函数内部的变量可以随便修改赋值，但是全局变量就不能随便修改</span></span><br><span class="line"> name += <span class="string">'会吃shit'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'修改后的name'</span>, name)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func2</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> name = <span class="string">'小丽丽'</span></span><br><span class="line"> name += <span class="string">'弹吉他的小美女'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(name)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">func2()</span><br><span class="line">func1()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 内部函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">特点：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1、可以访问外部函数的变量</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2、内部函数可以修改外部函数的可变类型的变量比如：list1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">3、内部函数修改全局的不可变变量时，需要在内部函数声明global 变量名</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 内部函数修改外部函数的不可变的变量时，需要在内部函数中声明：nonlocal 变量名</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">4、</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 声明变量</span></span><br><span class="line"> n = <span class="number">100</span> <span class="comment"># 内部函数</span></span><br><span class="line"> list1 = [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>] <span class="comment"># 局部变量</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 声明内部函数</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">inner_func</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">nonlocal</span> n <span class="comment"># 加nonlocal可以修改内部函数，nonlocal 关键字用于在嵌套函数内部使用变量，其中变量不应属于内部函数。</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 对list1里面的元素进行加5操作</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> index, i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">enumerate</span>(list1): <span class="comment"># 枚举将list1中的每个元素取出来</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># index是元素下表，i是list1中的元素</span></span><br><span class="line"> list1[index] = i + n</span><br><span class="line"> list1.sort()</span><br><span class="line"> n += <span class="number">101</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 调用一下内部函数才会执行</span></span><br><span class="line"> inner_func()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(list1)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(n)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用func</span></span><br><span class="line">func()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">a = <span class="number">100</span> <span class="comment"># 全局变量</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 声明变量</span></span><br><span class="line"> b = <span class="number">99</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 声明函数</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">inner_func</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">nonlocal</span> b <span class="comment"># 修改局部变量</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">global</span> a <span class="comment"># 修改全局变量</span></span><br><span class="line"> c = <span class="number">88</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 尝试修改</span></span><br><span class="line"> c += <span class="number">12</span></span><br><span class="line"> b += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 尝试打印</span></span><br><span class="line"> a += <span class="number">10</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(a, b, c)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 调用内部函数</span></span><br><span class="line"> inner_func()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 使用locals()内置函数进行查看，可以看到当前函数中声明的内容有哪些</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># locals()是一个字典，key:value</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">locals</span>())</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">globals</span>())</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用函数</span></span><br><span class="line">func()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 闭包</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 函数中 提出的概念，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">条件：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1.外部函数中定义了内部函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2.外部函数是有返回值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">3.返回值的是：内部函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">4.内部函数引用了外部函数的变量</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">格式：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">def 外部函数():</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> ...</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def 内部函数():</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> ...</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> return 内部函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> a = <span class="number">100</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">inner_func</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> b = <span class="number">99</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(a, b)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">locals</span>())</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> inner_func <span class="comment"># 不能加括号，如果加括号表示调用，不加括号才是扔出去</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">x = func()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(x)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># x就是内部函数，x()就表示调用函数</span></span><br><span class="line">x()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 闭包</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func</span>(<span class="params">a, b</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> c = <span class="number">10</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">inner_func</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> s = a + b + c</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'相加之后的结果是：'</span>, s)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> inner_func</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用func</span></span><br><span class="line">ifunc = func(<span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">9</span>) <span class="comment"># ifunc就是inner_func ifunc = inner_func</span></span><br><span class="line">ifunc() <span class="comment"># 当你调用func（6，9）---->a=6,b=9---->inner_func()内部函数---->返回内部函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># （此时返回的内部函数已经记录此时的a和b的值，所以不会收到a，b改变影响</span></span><br><span class="line">ifunc1 = func(<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">8</span>)</span><br><span class="line">ifunc1()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 计数器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">generate_count</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> container = [<span class="number">0</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">add_one</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> container[<span class="number">0</span>] = container[<span class="number">0</span>] + <span class="number">1</span> <span class="comment"># [1]</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'当前是第{}次访问'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(container[<span class="number">0</span>]))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> add_one</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 内部函数就是一个计数器</span></span><br><span class="line">counter = generate_count()</span><br><span class="line">counter() <span class="comment"># 第一次访问</span></span><br><span class="line">counter() <span class="comment"># 第二次访问</span></span><br><span class="line">counter() <span class="comment"># 第三次访问</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">闭包有什么缺点呢？</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">闭包的缺点1，作用域没有你们直观</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">闭包的缺点2，因为变量是不会被垃圾回收所以有一定的内存占用问题。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">闭包作用：1.可以使用同级的作用域</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">闭包作用：2.读取其它元素的内部变量</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">闭包作用：3.延长作用域</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">闭包总结</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1.闭包似优化了变量，原来需要类对象完成的工作，闭包也可以完成</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2.由于闭包引用了外部函数的局部变量，则外部函数的局部变量没有及时释放，消耗内存，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">3.闭包的好处，使代码变的简洁，便于阅读代码</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">4.闭包是理解装饰器的基础</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> a = <span class="number">100</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">inner_func1</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> b = <span class="number">90</span></span><br><span class="line"> s = a + b</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(s)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">inner_func2</span>(): <span class="comment"># define</span></span><br><span class="line"> inner_func1() <span class="comment"># 调用inner_func1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------>inner_func2'</span>, a) <span class="comment"># 同级可以访问</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">'hello'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> inner_func2 <span class="comment"># 加括号表示调用，而不是扔出去</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用func</span></span><br><span class="line">f = func() <span class="comment"># 接收return inner_func2</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(f) # 输出内存地址才正确<function func.<locals>.inner_func2 at 0x0000026BEBBEED30></span></span><br><span class="line">f() <span class="comment"># 显示return inner_func2</span></span><br><span class="line">ff = f() <span class="comment"># 使用ff接收return ’hello‘，就可以输出hello</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(ff)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 装饰器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">加入购物车，付款，修改收货地址。。。。。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">判断用户的登录状态，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func</span>(<span class="params">number</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> a = <span class="number">100</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">inner_func</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">nonlocal</span> a, number</span><br><span class="line"> number += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(number):</span><br><span class="line"> a += <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'修改后的a：'</span>, a)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> inner_func</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用func</span></span><br><span class="line">f = func(<span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line">f()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 装饰器函数作为参数</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">a = <span class="number">50</span></span><br><span class="line">f1 = func(a) <span class="comment"># a是实参</span></span><br><span class="line">f1()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 地址的引用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># a = 10 # 声明整形的变量</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># b = a</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def test(): # 声明函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('---------------test-------------')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># t = test # 将test()函数内存地址赋值给t</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># t()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def func(f):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(f) # <function test at 0x000001AB91B0E040></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># f() # -----------test-------</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('-----------func----------')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 调用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># func(test)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">特点：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1.函数A是作为参数出现的（函数B就接收函数A作为参数）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2.要有闭包的特点</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 定义一个装饰器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">decorate</span>(<span class="params">func</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> a = <span class="number">100</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'wrapper外层打印测试'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">wrapper</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> func()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'---------->刷漆'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'---------->装门'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'---------->铺地板'</span>, a)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'wrapper加载结束'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> wrapper</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 使用装饰器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@decorate </span><span class="comment"># 需要在decorate这个函数传入函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">house</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'我是毛胚房。。。。'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1.house被装饰函数，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2.将被装饰函数作为参数传给装饰器decorate</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">3.执行decorate函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">4.将返回值又赋值给house</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(house)</span><br><span class="line">house()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># def house1():</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('刷油漆')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('铺地板')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用house</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># house()</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 登录校验</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> time</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">decorate</span>(<span class="params">func</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">wrapper</span>(<span class="params">*args, **kwargs</span>): <span class="comment"># 万能装饰器</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'正在校验中.....'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> time.sleep(<span class="number">2</span>) <span class="comment"># 休眠里面</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'校验完毕.....'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 调用原函数</span></span><br><span class="line"> func(*args, **kwargs)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> wrapper</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@decorate</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">f1</span>(<span class="params">n</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------f1-----'</span>, n)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">f1(<span class="number">1</span>) <span class="comment"># 此时f1是wrapper</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@decorate</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">f2</span>(<span class="params">name, age</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------f2-----'</span>, name, age)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">f2(<span class="string">'丽丽'</span>, <span class="number">20</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@decorate</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">f3</span>(<span class="params">studens, clazz=<span class="string">'1905'</span></span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'{}班级的学生如下：'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(clazz))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> stu <span class="keyword">in</span> studens:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(stu)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">studens = [<span class="string">'lili'</span>, <span class="string">'gg'</span>, <span class="string">'bao'</span>]</span><br><span class="line">f3(studens, clazz=<span class="string">'1904'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@decorate</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">f4</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'---------f4'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">f4()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">print</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">正在校验中.....</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">校验完毕.....</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">------f1----- 1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">正在校验中.....</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">校验完毕.....</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">------f2----- 丽丽 20</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">正在校验中.....</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">校验完毕.....</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1904班级的学生如下：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">lili</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">gg</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">bao</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 装饰器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">如果装饰器是多层的，谁距离函数u最近就优先使用那个装饰器</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">zhuang1</span>(<span class="params">func</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------1 start'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">wrapper</span>(<span class="params">*args, **kwargs</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> func()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'刷漆'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------1 end'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> wrapper</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">zhuang2</span>(<span class="params">func</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------2 start'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">wrapper</span>(<span class="params">*args, **kwargs</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> func()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'扣地板'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------2 end'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> wrapper</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@zhuang2</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@zhuang1 </span><span class="comment"># 谁近先装谁</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">house</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'我是毛胚房.....'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">house()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">------1 start</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">------1 end</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">------2 start</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">------2 end</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">我是毛胚房.....</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">刷漆</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">扣地板</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 装饰器带参数，需要三层函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">带参数的装饰器是三层的</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">最外层的函数负责接收装饰器参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">里面的内容函数原装饰器的内容</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">outer</span>(<span class="params">a</span>): <span class="comment"># 第一层</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">decorate</span>(<span class="params">func</span>): <span class="comment"># 第二层</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">wrapper</span>(<span class="params">*args, **kwargs</span>): <span class="comment"># 第三层</span></span><br><span class="line"> func(*args, **kwargs)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------>铺地砖{}块'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(a))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> wrapper <span class="comment"># 返出来的是第三层</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> decorate <span class="comment"># 返出来的是第二层</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@outer(<span class="params"><span class="number">10</span></span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">house</span>(<span class="params">time</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'我{}日期拿到房子的钥匙，毛坯房。。。'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(time))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@outer(<span class="params"><span class="number">100</span></span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">street</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'新修街道的名字是：黑泉路'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">house(<span class="string">'2019-6-12'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">street()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 开发：登录验证</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> time</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">isLogin = <span class="literal">False</span> <span class="comment"># 默认没有登录</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">login</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> username = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入用户名：'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> password = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'输入密码：'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> username == <span class="string">'admin'</span> <span class="keyword">and</span> password == <span class="string">'admin'</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'登录成功'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">True</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'登录失败，用户名或密码错误'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> login()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">False</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 定义一个装饰器，进行付款验证</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">login_required</span>(<span class="params">func</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">wrapper</span>(<span class="params">*args, **kwargs</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">global</span> isLogin</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'-----正在进行付款-----'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 验证用户是否登录</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> isLogin:</span><br><span class="line"> func(*args, **kwargs)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 跳转到登录页面</span></span><br><span class="line"> time.sleep(<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'用户没有登录,请登录之后再付款'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> isLogin = login()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> wrapper</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@login_required</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">pay</span>(<span class="params">money</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'正在付款,付款金额是：{}元'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(money))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'付款中...'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> time.sleep(<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'付款完成'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">pay(<span class="number">10000</span>)</span><br><span class="line">pay(<span class="number">10000</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">-----正在进行付款-----</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">用户没有登录,请登录之后再付款</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">输入用户名：admin</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">输入密码：admin</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">result True</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">-----正在进行付款-----</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">正在付款,付款金额是：10000元</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">付款中...</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">付款完成</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> Python </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>python可变参数列表拆装</title>
<link href="/posts/10926/"/>
<url>/posts/10926/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="笔记"><a href="#笔记" class="headerlink" title="笔记"></a>笔记</h1><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func</span>(<span class="params">a, *args</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'{}{}'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(a, args))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">func(<span class="number">2</span>, [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">23</span>, <span class="number">4</span>], <span class="string">'fad'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func2</span>(<span class="params">a, b=<span class="number">10</span>, c=<span class="number">3</span>, **kwargs</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(a, b, c, kwargs)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">func2(<span class="number">1</span>) <span class="comment"># 1 10 3 {} 给默认值所以可传入一个参数</span></span><br><span class="line">func2(<span class="number">2</span>, b=<span class="number">11</span>) <span class="comment"># 2 11 3 {}</span></span><br><span class="line">func2(<span class="number">3</span>, c=<span class="number">5</span>, b=<span class="number">7</span>, x=<span class="number">1</span>, y=<span class="number">2</span>) <span class="comment"># 3 7 5 {'x': 1, 'y': 2}，传值的时候可以打乱位置</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func3</span>(<span class="params">a, *args, **kwargs</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(a, args, kwargs)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">t = (<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>)</span><br><span class="line">func3(<span class="number">1</span>, t) <span class="comment"># 1 ((1, 2, 3, 4),) {}</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">l = [<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">8</span>]</span><br><span class="line">func3(<span class="number">1</span>, l, c=<span class="number">9</span>, b=<span class="number">6</span>) <span class="comment"># 1 ([2, 5, 8],) {'c': 9, 'b': 6}</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">dict1 = {<span class="string">'1'</span>: <span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="string">'2'</span>: <span class="string">'b'</span>, <span class="string">'3'</span>: <span class="string">'c'</span>}</span><br><span class="line">func3(<span class="number">1</span>, *l, **dict1) <span class="comment"># 1 (2, 5, 8) {'1': 'a', '2': 'b', '3': 'c'} # *拆列表 **拆字典</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func1</span>(<span class="params">name, *args</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="built_in">len</span>(args) > <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> args: <span class="comment"># 这里args是元组</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'{}学过了{}'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(name, i))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'没有学过任何语言'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">courses = [<span class="string">'html'</span>, <span class="string">'mysql'</span>, <span class="string">'c++'</span>, <span class="string">'python'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 调用函数</span></span><br><span class="line">func1(<span class="string">'健健'</span>, *courses) <span class="comment"># *拆列表（拆包）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">无参数函数：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func():</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func() ---调用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 有参数函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1.普通参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(name,age):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func('aa',19) --->形参与实参的个数要一致</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2.可变参数：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> A.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(*args):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func() ----> 函数调用时，实参的个数可以没有，也可以多个，*不能是关键字参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func(4) </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func(5,'h')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> B.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(**kwargs):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func(a=1,b=2)----> 函数调用时，实参的个数可以没有，也可以多个，**必须是关键字参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> C.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(*args,**kwargs):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> list1 = [1,2,3,4,5]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> dict1 = {'1':'a','2':'b','3':'c'}</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func(*list1,**dict1) 拆包func(1,2,3,4,5,'1':'a','2':'b','3':'c')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> D.混用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(name,*args,*8kwargs):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func('tom') ---->必须赋值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">3.默认值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> def func(name,age=18):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> pass</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func('tom') ----> tom 18</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> func('tom',age = 20) ---->关键字赋值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> Python </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>python集合</title>
<link href="/posts/19623/"/>
<url>/posts/19623/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">集合：</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">list</span> <span class="built_in">tuple</span> ----> <span class="built_in">set</span>()</span><br><span class="line"> 无序不重复的序列，集合</span><br><span class="line"> 无序----->跟下标相关</span><br><span class="line"> s = {<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">4</span>,<span class="number">5</span>} ---->s[<span class="number">1</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> s:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(i)</span><br><span class="line">内置函数：</span><br><span class="line">添加：add update</span><br><span class="line">删除：remove discard pop clear</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">运算相关函数</span><br><span class="line">- difference()</span><br><span class="line">| union</span><br><span class="line">& intersection()</span><br><span class="line">^ symmetric_difference()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">可变和不可变</span><br><span class="line">可变：地址不变里面内容改变 <span class="built_in">list</span> <span class="built_in">dict</span> <span class="built_in">set</span></span><br><span class="line">不可变：只要内容改变，必须改变地址 <span class="built_in">int</span> <span class="built_in">str</span> <span class="built_in">float</span> <span class="built_in">tuple</span> <span class="built_in">frozenset</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">类型转换：</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">str</span> ----> <span class="built_in">list</span> <span class="built_in">set</span> ... 相互转换</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">list</span> ---> <span class="built_in">set</span> <span class="built_in">tuple</span> <span class="built_in">dict</span> 相互的转换</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">函数：</span><br><span class="line"> 增加代码的复用，减少代码的冗余</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">函数名</span>(<span class="params">[参数,]</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> 函数体</span><br><span class="line">没有参数:</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">add</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> add()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">有参数：</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">add</span>(<span class="params">a, b</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> result = a+b</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br><span class="line">调用：</span><br><span class="line">add(<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">3</span>)</span><br><span class="line">add(<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">8</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 不重复特点：</span></span><br><span class="line">list1 = [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">0</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 声明集合：set</span></span><br><span class="line">s1 = <span class="built_in">set</span>()</span><br><span class="line">s2 = {} <span class="comment"># 字典：{key:value} 集合{元素1, 元素2, 元素3}</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 应用：</span></span><br><span class="line">s3 = <span class="built_in">set</span>(list1)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s3)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 增删改查</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 1.增加 s1 = set()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># add() 添加一个元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># update 可以添加多个元素</span></span><br><span class="line">s1.add(<span class="string">'hello'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">s1.add(<span class="string">'小猪佩奇'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br><span class="line">t1 = (<span class="string">'林志玲'</span>, <span class="string">'言承旭'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">s1.update(t1)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 2.删除 remove 如果存在删除不存在报错KeyError pop clear</span></span><br><span class="line">s1.remove(<span class="string">'言承旭'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># s1.remove('道明寺') # KeyError: '道明寺'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(s1)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">s1.pop()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">s1.clear()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(s1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># dicard() 类似remove 在移除不存在的值不会报错</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 1.产生10个1-20的随机数去除里面的重复项</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 2.键盘输入一个元素，将此元素从不重复的集合中删除</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> random</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 方法1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># list1 = []</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # set1 = set()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># for i in range(10):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># ran = random.randint(1, 20)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># list1.append(ran)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # set1.update(list1)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># set1 = set(list1)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(list1)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(set1)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># result = int(input('请输入一个想要删除的数字：'))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># set1.discard(result)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(set1)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 方法2</span></span><br><span class="line">set1 = <span class="built_in">set</span>()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="number">10</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> ran = random.randint(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">20</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> set1.add(ran)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(set1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 其他：符号操作</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="number">6</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> set1)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">set2 = {<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>}</span><br><span class="line">set3 = {<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(set2 == set3) <span class="comment"># 判断两个集合中的内容是否相等</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 测试：print(set2 != set3)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># (+ * 不支持) - & |</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># set4 = set2+set3 报错s</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(set4)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">set4 = set3 - set2 <span class="comment"># 差集 difference</span></span><br><span class="line">set5 = set3.difference(set2)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(set4, set5)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># &交集 intersection()</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">set6 = set3 & set2</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(set6)</span><br><span class="line">set7 = set3.intersection(set2)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(set7)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># | 交集 union() 联合</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">set9 = set3 | set2</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(set9)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(set9)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">已知两个列表：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">l1 = [5, 1, 2, 9, 0, 3]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">l2 = [7, 2, 5, 7, 9]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">找出两个列表的不同元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">找出两个列表的相同元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line">l1 = [<span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">9</span>, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">3</span>]</span><br><span class="line">l2 = [<span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">9</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">l1 = <span class="built_in">set</span>(l1)</span><br><span class="line">l2 = <span class="built_in">set</span>(l2)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 对称差集</span></span><br><span class="line">result = (l1 | l2) - (l1 & l2)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">result = l1 ^ l2 <span class="comment"># 列表中不一样的元素，对称差集， symmetric_difference()</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">difference_update()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">l1.difference(l2)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">l1.difference_update(l2) update不需要赋值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">l1.intersection_update(l2) 交集并赋值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">symmetric_difference_update() 对称差集并赋值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">update不需要赋值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(l1.difference_update(l2))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(l1.intersection_update(l2))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">关键字：set</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">作用：去重</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">符号：- | & ^</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">内置函数：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 增加：add() update()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 删除：remove() discard() pop() clear()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 运算：difference() intersection() union() symmetric_difference()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 可变 和不可变</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 不可变：对象所指向的内存中的值是不可变的</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 不可变的类型：int str float 元组tuple</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">num = <span class="number">10</span></span><br><span class="line">s1 = <span class="string">'abc'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">id</span>(s1))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">s1 = <span class="string">'abcd'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">id</span>(s1))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">t1 = (<span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">id</span>(t1))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">t1 = (<span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="built_in">id</span>(t1))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 可变的元素：该对象所指向的内存中的值是可以改变的</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 可变类型： dict list set</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> Python </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>内置函数+匿名函数</title>
<link href="/posts/4090/"/>
<url>/posts/4090/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><img src="/%E5%8C%BF%E5%90%8D%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0/image-20211004000841483.webp" alt="image-20211004000841483"></p><p><img src="/%E5%8C%BF%E5%90%8D%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0/image-20211004011556646.webp" alt="image-20211004011556646"></p>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 自学 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>文件操作</title>
<link href="/posts/16177/"/>
<url>/posts/16177/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><img src="/%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C/image-20211004110415017.webp" alt="image-20211004110415017"></p><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br><span class="line">110</span><br><span class="line">111</span><br><span class="line">112</span><br><span class="line">113</span><br><span class="line">114</span><br><span class="line">115</span><br><span class="line">116</span><br><span class="line">117</span><br><span class="line">118</span><br><span class="line">119</span><br><span class="line">120</span><br><span class="line">121</span><br><span class="line">122</span><br><span class="line">123</span><br><span class="line">124</span><br><span class="line">125</span><br><span class="line">126</span><br><span class="line">127</span><br><span class="line">128</span><br><span class="line">129</span><br><span class="line">130</span><br><span class="line">131</span><br><span class="line">132</span><br><span class="line">133</span><br><span class="line">134</span><br><span class="line">135</span><br><span class="line">136</span><br><span class="line">137</span><br><span class="line">138</span><br><span class="line">139</span><br><span class="line">140</span><br><span class="line">141</span><br><span class="line">142</span><br><span class="line">143</span><br><span class="line">144</span><br><span class="line">145</span><br><span class="line">146</span><br><span class="line">147</span><br><span class="line">148</span><br><span class="line">149</span><br><span class="line">150</span><br><span class="line">151</span><br><span class="line">152</span><br><span class="line">153</span><br><span class="line">154</span><br><span class="line">155</span><br><span class="line">156</span><br><span class="line">157</span><br><span class="line">158</span><br><span class="line">159</span><br><span class="line">160</span><br><span class="line">161</span><br><span class="line">162</span><br><span class="line">163</span><br><span class="line">164</span><br><span class="line">165</span><br><span class="line">166</span><br><span class="line">167</span><br><span class="line">168</span><br><span class="line">169</span><br><span class="line">170</span><br><span class="line">171</span><br><span class="line">172</span><br><span class="line">173</span><br><span class="line">174</span><br><span class="line">175</span><br><span class="line">176</span><br><span class="line">177</span><br><span class="line">178</span><br><span class="line">179</span><br><span class="line">180</span><br><span class="line">181</span><br><span class="line">182</span><br><span class="line">183</span><br><span class="line">184</span><br><span class="line">185</span><br><span class="line">186</span><br><span class="line">187</span><br><span class="line">188</span><br><span class="line">189</span><br><span class="line">190</span><br><span class="line">191</span><br><span class="line">192</span><br><span class="line">193</span><br><span class="line">194</span><br><span class="line">195</span><br><span class="line">196</span><br><span class="line">197</span><br><span class="line">198</span><br><span class="line">199</span><br><span class="line">200</span><br><span class="line">201</span><br><span class="line">202</span><br><span class="line">203</span><br><span class="line">204</span><br><span class="line">205</span><br><span class="line">206</span><br><span class="line">207</span><br><span class="line">208</span><br><span class="line">209</span><br><span class="line">210</span><br><span class="line">211</span><br><span class="line">212</span><br><span class="line">213</span><br><span class="line">214</span><br><span class="line">215</span><br><span class="line">216</span><br><span class="line">217</span><br><span class="line">218</span><br><span class="line">219</span><br><span class="line">220</span><br><span class="line">221</span><br><span class="line">222</span><br><span class="line">223</span><br><span class="line">224</span><br><span class="line">225</span><br><span class="line">226</span><br><span class="line">227</span><br><span class="line">228</span><br><span class="line">229</span><br><span class="line">230</span><br><span class="line">231</span><br><span class="line">232</span><br><span class="line">233</span><br><span class="line">234</span><br><span class="line">235</span><br><span class="line">236</span><br><span class="line">237</span><br><span class="line">238</span><br><span class="line">239</span><br><span class="line">240</span><br><span class="line">241</span><br><span class="line">242</span><br><span class="line">243</span><br><span class="line">244</span><br><span class="line">245</span><br><span class="line">246</span><br><span class="line">247</span><br><span class="line">248</span><br><span class="line">249</span><br><span class="line">250</span><br><span class="line">251</span><br><span class="line">252</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># file1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 文件操作：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">文件上传：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">保存log</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">系统函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">open(file,mode,buffering,encodeing)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">读：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> open(path/filename,'rt') ----->返回值：stream(管道)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> container = stream.read() ---->读取管道中内容</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 注意：如果传递的path/filename有误，则会报错：FileNotFoundError</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 如果是图片则不能使用默认的读取方式，mode = 'rb'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 总结：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> read()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> readline() 每次读取一行内容</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> readlines() 读取所有的行保存到列表中</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> readable() 判断是否是可读的</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">stream = <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">r'../../个人工具/base.txt'</span>, <span class="string">'rt'</span>, encoding=<span class="string">'utf-8'</span>) <span class="comment"># rt文本文档读</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># container = stream.read()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(container)</span></span><br><span class="line">result = stream.readable() <span class="comment"># able判断是否可以读取</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># while True:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># line = stream.readline()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(line)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if not line:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># break</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">lines = stream.readlines() <span class="comment"># 保存到列表中</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(lines)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> i <span class="keyword">in</span> lines:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(i)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">stream = <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">r'../../img/2021-09-26/OHR.MackenzieRiver_ZH-CN0214805768_480x800.jpg'</span>, <span class="string">'rb'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">container = stream.read()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(container)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># file2</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 写文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">stream = open(r'aa.txt', 'w')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">mode 是'w'表示写操作</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">方法：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> write(内容) 每次都会将原来的内容清空，然后写当前的内容</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> writelines(Iterable) 没有换行的效果 4444444GGGGRE</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> straem.writelines(['赌神：小明明\n', '赌侠笑道\n', '赌圣周星星\n'])</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">如果有mode='a' 表示追加</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">straem = <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">r'a.txt'</span>, <span class="string">'a'</span>, encoding=<span class="string">'utf-8'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">s = <span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">你好！</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 欢迎来到澳门菠菜，赠送给你一个金币！</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> 赌王：小明</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line">result = straem.write(s)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">straem.write(<span class="string">' 你需要戒指吗？？？\n'</span>) <span class="comment"># 可以\n换行</span></span><br><span class="line">straem.writelines([<span class="string">' 赌神：小明明\n'</span>, <span class="string">' 赌侠笑道\n'</span>, <span class="string">' 赌圣周星星\n'</span>])</span><br><span class="line">straem.write(<span class="string">' 僵尸先生'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">straem.close() <span class="comment"># 释放资源</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 关闭之后就无法写入</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># file3</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 文件的复制</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">原文件：../../img/2021-09-26/OHR.MackenzieRiver_ZH-CN0214805768_480x800.jpg</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">目标文件：./1.jpg</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">with</span> <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">r'./OHR.MackenzieRiver_ZH-CN0214805768_1920x1080.jpg'</span>, <span class="string">'rb'</span>) <span class="keyword">as</span> result:</span><br><span class="line"> container = result.read()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">with</span> <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">r'1.jpg'</span>, <span class="string">'wb'</span>) <span class="keyword">as</span> wstream:</span><br><span class="line"> wstream.write(container)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'文件复制完成'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># os</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 模块：os.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.path:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.path.dirname(__file__) 获取当前文件所在的文件目录（绝对路径）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.path.join(path,'') 返回的是一个拼接后的新的路径</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> os</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(os.path)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># path = os.path.dirname(__file__) # 显示当前目录的绝对路径</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(path, '\n', type(path))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># result = os.path.join(path, 'a1.jpg')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(result)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">with</span> <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">r'./OHR.MackenzieRiver_ZH-CN0214805768_1920x1080.jpg'</span>, <span class="string">'rb'</span>) <span class="keyword">as</span> stream: <span class="comment"># 要复制的文件</span></span><br><span class="line"> container = stream.read() <span class="comment"># 读取文件内容</span></span><br><span class="line"> file = stream.name</span><br><span class="line"> filename = file[file.rfind(<span class="string">r'/'</span>)+<span class="number">1</span>:]</span><br><span class="line"> path = os.path.dirname(__file__)</span><br><span class="line"> path1 = os.path.join(path, filename)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">with</span> <span class="built_in">open</span>(path1, <span class="string">'wb'</span>) <span class="keyword">as</span> wstream:</span><br><span class="line"> wstream.write(container)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># file 01</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">with</span> <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">'book/a1.txt'</span>, <span class="string">'w'</span>) <span class="keyword">as</span> wstrem:</span><br><span class="line"> wstrem.write(<span class="string">'hello'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> os</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">result = os.path.isabs(<span class="string">r'C:\\Users\\Wans\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python39\\lib\\a1.txt'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------>'</span>, result)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># ------> True</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">result1 = os.path.isabs(<span class="string">r'../day10_函数/func01.py'</span>) <span class="comment"># 当前文件的上一级</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------>'</span>, result1)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># ------> False</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">result1 = os.path.isabs(<span class="string">r'/day10_函数/func01.py'</span>) <span class="comment"># 找跟file01.py同级别的func01.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'------>'</span>, result1)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># ------> True</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 获取路径，directory目录 文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 当前文件所在文件夹的路径</span></span><br><span class="line">path = os.path.dirname(__file__)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 通过相对路径得到绝对路径</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(path)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day13_文件\a.txt</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">path = os.path.abspath(<span class="string">'a.txt'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(path)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day13_文件\a.txt</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 获取当前文件的绝对路径</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># __file__ 当前文件</span></span><br><span class="line">path = os.path.abspath(__file__)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(path)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day13_文件\file01.py</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">path = os.getcwd() <span class="comment"># 类似os.path.dirname(__file__)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(path)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day13_文件</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">r = os.path.isfile(os.getcwd()) <span class="comment"># isfile判断是不是文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(r)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># False</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">r = os.path.isdir(os.getcwd()) <span class="comment"># isdir判断是不是目录</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(r)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># True</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">path = <span class="string">r'D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day13_文件\file01.py'</span></span><br><span class="line">result = os.path.split(path)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(result) <span class="comment"># 输出前面是路径，后面是文件名</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># ('D:\\Users\\Wans\\Desktop\\python stduy\\千峰笔记\\day13_文件', 'file01.py')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(result[<span class="number">1</span>]) <span class="comment"># 这样可以输出文件名</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># filename = path[path.rfind('\\')+1:]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># file01.py</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">result = os.path.splitext(path) <span class="comment"># 分割文件与扩展名查看文件的后缀</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(result)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># ('D:\\Users\\Wans\\Desktop\\python stduy\\千峰笔记\\day13_文件\\file01', '.py')</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(os.path.getsize(<span class="string">'a.txt'</span>)) <span class="comment"># 返回文件的大小，单位字节</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), <span class="string">'file'</span>, <span class="string">'a.txt'</span>)) <span class="comment"># 每多一个加一层</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day13_文件\file\a.txt</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.path: 常用函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> dirname()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> join()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> split()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> splittext()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> getsize()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> isabs()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> isfile()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> isdir()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># file 02</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Time : 2021/10/26 19:08</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Author : Wans</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @File : file02.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># @Sofware : PyCharm</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># os.path里面的函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># os函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> os</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># os.getcwd()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># dir = os.getcwd()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(dir)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 返回指定目录下的所有的文件和文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print(os.listdir(r'D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记'))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # 创建文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># if not os.path.exists(r'D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day13_文件\book'):</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># os.mkdir(r'D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day13_文件\book')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># os.rmdir(r'D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day13_文件\book') # 只能删除空文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># os.removedirs(r'D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day13_文件\book') # 目录不是空的</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># os.remove(r'D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day13_文件\book\a1.txt')</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 删除p4文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line">path = <span class="string">r'/千峰笔记/day13_文件/book'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># filelist = os.listdir(path)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># for file in filelist:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># path1 = os.path.join(path, file)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># os.remove(path1)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># else:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># os.removedirs(path)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># # os.rmdir(path)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># print('删除成功')</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">path = os.getcwd()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(path)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 切换目录</span></span><br><span class="line">f = os.chdir(<span class="string">r'D:\Users\Wans\Desktop\python stduy\千峰笔记\day12_函数'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>()</span><br><span class="line">path = os.getcwd()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(path)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os模块下的方法：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.getcwd() # 获取当前目录</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.listdir() # 浏览文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.mkdir() # 创建文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.rmdir() # 删除空的文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.remove() # 删除文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.chdir() # 切换目录</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 自学 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>计算机组成原理</title>
<link href="/posts/51917/"/>
<url>/posts/51917/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="操作系统是对计算机硬件资源进行合理分配"><a href="#操作系统是对计算机硬件资源进行合理分配" class="headerlink" title="操作系统是对计算机硬件资源进行合理分配"></a>操作系统是对计算机硬件资源进行合理分配</h1><p>高级语言——汇编语言——机器语言</p><p>0低电平 1高电平</p><p>内存铜片代表高低电平，因为有很多小铜片所以可以同时传递多个01二进制</p><p>存储体里面放置存储单元每个地址对应一个存储单元</p><h1 id="主存储器的基本组成"><a href="#主存储器的基本组成" class="headerlink" title="主存储器的基本组成"></a>主存储器的基本组成</h1><p><img src="/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%BB%84%E6%88%90%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86/image-20210926231230935.webp" alt="image-20210926233714348"></p><p>存储单元：每个存储单元存放一串二进制代码</p><p>存储字（word）：存储单元中二进制代码的组合</p><p>存储字长：存储单元中二进制代码的位数</p><p>存储元：即存储二进制的电子元件，每个存储元可存1bit</p><p>1个**字(word) **= 16bit</p><p>易混淆：1个<strong>字节（byte）</strong> = 8 bit</p><p>1B = 1个字节(byte)，1b = 1个bit</p><h1 id="运算器的基本组成"><a href="#运算器的基本组成" class="headerlink" title="运算器的基本组成"></a>运算器的基本组成</h1><p><img src="/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%BB%84%E6%88%90%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86/image-20211006140309421.webp" alt="image-20211006140309421"></p><h1 id="控制器的基本组成"><a href="#控制器的基本组成" class="headerlink" title="控制器的基本组成"></a>控制器的基本组成</h1><p><img src="/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%BB%84%E6%88%90%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86/image-20211006140340299.webp" alt="image-20211006140340299"></p><h1 id="计算机的工作过程"><a href="#计算机的工作过程" class="headerlink" title="计算机的工作过程"></a>计算机的工作过程</h1><p><img src="/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%BB%84%E6%88%90%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86/image-20211006140400680.webp" alt="image-20211006140400680"></p><p><img src="/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%BB%84%E6%88%90%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86/image-20211006140423760.webp" alt="image-20211006140423760"></p>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> 自学 </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 计算机原理 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>python关键字参数和默认值参数</title>
<link href="/posts/57307/"/>
<url>/posts/57307/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="关键字参数和默认值参数"><a href="#关键字参数和默认值参数" class="headerlink" title="关键字参数和默认值参数"></a>关键字参数和默认值参数</h1><p>python **<字典></p><p>可以将字典拆包</p><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">func</span>(<span class="params">**kwargs</span>):</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(kwargs)</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 这里的**代表可以传递字典（以字典的形式传递参数）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># key：value只能以键值对方式传递</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 或者以**传值</span></span><br><span class="line">func()</span><br><span class="line">func(a=<span class="number">1</span>,b=<span class="number">2</span>,c=<span class="number">3</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 传递字典的方法</span></span><br><span class="line">dict1 = {<span class="string">'001'</span>: <span class="string">'python'</span>, <span class="string">'002'</span>: <span class="string">'java'</span>, <span class="string">'004'</span>: <span class="string">'c++'</span>}</span><br><span class="line">func(**dict1)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 拆包步骤：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 1、func(001 = python,002 = java,004 = c++)将字典拆包成关键字参数的形式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 2、func里面的参数都是关键字参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 3、将关键字参数再一次进行装包动作</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 4、装包成功：kwargs</span></span><br><span class="line">studens = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'001'</span>: (<span class="string">'蔡徐坤'</span>, <span class="number">20</span>),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'002'</span>: (<span class="string">'王源'</span>, <span class="number">18</span>),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'003'</span>: (<span class="string">'王俊凯'</span>, <span class="number">21</span>),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'004'</span>: (<span class="string">'易烊千玺'</span>, <span class="number">19</span>)</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">print_boy</span>(<span class="params">name, **persons</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'{}喜欢吃肉肉'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(name))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="built_in">isinstance</span>(persons, <span class="built_in">dict</span>): <span class="comment"># 判断是不是什么类型：isinstance，这里判断是不是person是不是字典类型</span></span><br><span class="line"> values = persons.values() <span class="comment"># 如果是字典，那么使用values接受字典里面的键值对</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># print(values) # 输出字典</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> name, age <span class="keyword">in</span> values: <span class="comment"># 使用name和age接受values中的键值对</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">'{}的年龄是{}'</span>.<span class="built_in">format</span>(name, age)) <span class="comment"># 循环输出字典中的元素</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">print_boy(<span class="string">'健健'</span>, **studens)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>]]></content>
<categories>
<category> python </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> Python </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
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