From 798cbf33f9dd2a4e6ea030124d6e9debf12431fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Claus Wilke Date: Mon, 22 Jan 2024 15:04:41 -0600 Subject: [PATCH] update slide design --- assignments/HW2.Rmd | 50 + assignments/HW2.html | 462 +++++ schedule.Rmd | 3 +- slides/coordinate-systems-axes.Rmd | 56 +- slides/coordinate-systems-axes.html | 2 +- .../boxoffice-scale-progression1-out-1.svg | 738 ++++---- .../boxoffice-scale-progression2-out-1.svg | 738 ++++---- .../boxoffice-scale-progression3-out-1.svg | 682 ++++--- .../boxoffice-scale-progression4-out-1.svg | 708 ++++--- .../boxoffice-scale-progression5-out-1.svg | 672 ++++--- .../boxoffice-scale-progression6-out-1.svg | 620 ++++--- .../boxoffice-scale-progression7-out-1.svg | 660 ++++--- .../figure-html/cartesian-coord-1.svg | 573 +++--- .../figure-html/cartesian-polar-left-1.svg | 433 +++-- .../figure-html/cartesian-polar-right-1.svg | 523 +++--- .../figure-html/linear-log-scales-1.svg | 319 ++-- .../figure-html/linear-log-scales2-1.svg | 415 +++-- .../figure-html/linear-log-scales3-1.svg | 349 ++-- .../temp-normals-vs-time-cartesian-1.svg | 700 ++++--- .../temp-normals-vs-time-polar-1.svg | 535 +++--- .../temperature-normals-Houston-1.svg | 1077 ++++++----- ...emperature-normals-Houston-San-Diego-1.svg | 711 ++++---- ...re-normals-Houston-San-Diego-Celsius-1.svg | 731 ++++---- .../temperatures-cartesian-out-1.svg | 743 ++++---- .../figure-html/temperatures-polar-out-1.svg | 603 +++--- .../figure-html/temperatures-polar2-out-1.svg | 607 +++--- .../figure-html/texas-counties-linear-1.svg | 1252 +++++++------ .../figure-html/texas-counties-log-1.svg | 1619 ++++++++--------- .../tx-counties-ggplot-linear-1.svg | 1000 +++++----- .../tx-counties-ggplot-linear2-1.svg | 1015 ++++++----- .../figure-html/tx-counties-ggplot-log-1.svg | 1054 ++++++----- .../figure-html/tx-counties-ggplot-log2-1.svg | 1023 ++++++----- slides/telling-a-story.Rmd | 20 +- .../arrival-delay-vs-distance-1.svg | 742 ++++---- .../figure-html/mean-arrival-delay-nyc-1.svg | 318 ++-- .../figure-html/preprints-part1-1.svg | 272 +-- .../figure-html/preprints-part2-1.svg | 294 +-- slides/visualizing-amounts.Rmd | 68 +- .../figure-html/Americas-life-expect-1.svg | 820 ++++----- .../Americas-life-expect-bad1-1.svg | 880 ++++----- .../Americas-life-expect-bad2-1.svg | 878 ++++----- .../figure-html/boxoffice-dotplot-1.svg | 282 +-- .../figure-html/boxoffice-horizontal-1.svg | 282 +-- .../boxoffice-horizontal-unordered-1.svg | 294 +-- .../figure-html/boxoffice-naive-out-1.svg | 242 +-- .../figure-html/boxoffice-ordered-out-1.svg | 284 +-- .../figure-html/boxoffice-ordered2-out-1.svg | 232 +-- .../figure-html/boxoffice-ordered3-out-1.svg | 266 +-- .../boxoffice-rot-axis-tick-labels-1.svg | 320 ++-- .../figure-html/boxoffice-vertical-1.svg | 302 +-- .../income-by-age-race-dodged-1.svg | 486 ++--- .../income-by-age-race-faceted-1.svg | 843 ++++----- .../income-by-race-age-dodged-1.svg | 488 ++--- .../figure-html/penguins-bars-out-1.svg | 158 +- .../figure-html/penguins-bars2-out-1.svg | 144 +- .../figure-html/penguins-bars3-out-1.svg | 144 +- .../penguins-sex-species-dodge-out-1.svg | 202 +- .../penguins-sex-species-fill-out-1.svg | 234 +-- .../penguins-sex-species-out-1.svg | 220 +-- .../penguins-sex-species-stack-out-1.svg | 206 +-- .../penguins-sex-species2-out-1.svg | 206 +-- worksheets/coordinate-systems-axes.html | 898 ++++++++- .../figure-html/boxoffice-raw-1.png | Bin 51811 -> 51800 bytes .../figure-html/temperatures-cartesian-1.png | Bin 117202 -> 117161 bytes .../figure-html/temps-san-diego-houston-1.png | Bin 79423 -> 79412 bytes .../figure-html/tx-counties-raw-1.png | Bin 49668 -> 49657 bytes 66 files changed, 16406 insertions(+), 15292 deletions(-) create mode 100644 assignments/HW2.Rmd create mode 100644 assignments/HW2.html diff --git a/assignments/HW2.Rmd b/assignments/HW2.Rmd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fbfc7bd --- /dev/null +++ b/assignments/HW2.Rmd @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +--- +title: "Homework 2" +--- + +```{r global_options, include=FALSE} +library(knitr) +library(tidyverse) +opts_chunk$set(fig.align="center", fig.height=4, fig.width=5.5) + +# data prep: +txhouse <- txhousing %>% + filter(city %in% c('Austin', 'Houston', 'San Antonio', 'Dallas')) %>% + filter(year %in% c('2000', '2005', '2010', '2015')) %>% + group_by(city, year) %>% + summarize(total_sales = sum(sales)) +``` + +**This homework is due on Feb. 1, 2024 at 11:00pm. Please submit as a pdf file on Canvas.** + +**Problem 1: (6 pts)** For this Problem you will be working with the `iris` dataset built into R. This data set contains measurements of flowers (sepal length, sepal width, petal length, petal width) for three different *Iris* species (*I. setosa*, *I. versicolor*, *I. virginica*). + +```{r} +head(iris) +``` + +Use ggplot to make a histogram of the `Sepal.Length` column. Manually choose appropriate values for `binwidth` and `center`. Explain your choice of values in 2-3 sentences. + +```{r} +# Your code goes here. +``` + +*Your explanation goes here.* + +**Problem 2: (6 pts)** For this problem you will work with the dataset `txhouse` that has been derived from the `txhousing` dataset provided by **ggplot2**. See here for details of the original dataset: https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/txhousing.html. `txhouse` contains three columns: `city` (listing four Texas cities), `year` (containing four years between 2000 and 2015) and `total_sales` indicating the total number of sales for the specified year and city. + +```{r} +txhouse +``` + +Use ggplot to make a bar plot of the total housing sales (column `total_sales`) for each `year`, color the bar borders "gray34", and fill the bars by `city`. + +```{r} +# Your code goes here. +``` + +**Problem 3: (8 pts)** Modify the plot from Problem 2 by placing `city` bars side-by-side, rather than stacked. See Slide 35 from the lecture on visualizing amounts. Next, reorder the bars for each `year` by `total_sales` in descending order. See Slide 25 from the lecture on visualizing amounts. + +```{r} +# Your code goes here. +``` diff --git a/assignments/HW2.html b/assignments/HW2.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5edbfeb --- /dev/null +++ b/assignments/HW2.html @@ -0,0 +1,462 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Homework 2 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +

This homework is due on Feb. 1, 2024 at 11:00pm. Please +submit as a pdf file on Canvas.

+

Problem 1: (6 pts) For this Problem you will be +working with the iris dataset built into R. This data set +contains measurements of flowers (sepal length, sepal width, petal +length, petal width) for three different Iris species (I. +setosa, I. versicolor, I. virginica).

+
head(iris)
+
##   Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
+## 1          5.1         3.5          1.4         0.2  setosa
+## 2          4.9         3.0          1.4         0.2  setosa
+## 3          4.7         3.2          1.3         0.2  setosa
+## 4          4.6         3.1          1.5         0.2  setosa
+## 5          5.0         3.6          1.4         0.2  setosa
+## 6          5.4         3.9          1.7         0.4  setosa
+

Use ggplot to make a histogram of the Sepal.Length +column. Manually choose appropriate values for binwidth and +center. Explain your choice of values in 2-3 sentences.

+
# Your code goes here.
+

Your explanation goes here.

+

Problem 2: (6 pts) For this problem you will work +with the dataset txhouse that has been derived from the +txhousing dataset provided by ggplot2. See +here for details of the original dataset: https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/txhousing.html. +txhouse contains three columns: city (listing +four Texas cities), year (containing four years between +2000 and 2015) and total_sales indicating the total number +of sales for the specified year and city.

+
txhouse
+
## # A tibble: 16 × 3
+## # Groups:   city [4]
+##    city         year total_sales
+##    <chr>       <int>       <dbl>
+##  1 Austin       2000       18621
+##  2 Austin       2005       26905
+##  3 Austin       2010       19872
+##  4 Austin       2015       18878
+##  5 Dallas       2000       45446
+##  6 Dallas       2005       59980
+##  7 Dallas       2010       42383
+##  8 Dallas       2015       36735
+##  9 Houston      2000       52459
+## 10 Houston      2005       72800
+## 11 Houston      2010       56807
+## 12 Houston      2015       48109
+## 13 San Antonio  2000       15590
+## 14 San Antonio  2005       24034
+## 15 San Antonio  2010       18449
+## 16 San Antonio  2015       16455
+

Use ggplot to make a bar plot of the total housing sales (column +total_sales) for each year, color the bar +borders “gray34”, and fill the bars by city.

+
# Your code goes here.
+

Problem 3: (8 pts) Modify the plot from Problem 2 by +placing city bars side-by-side, rather than stacked. See +Slide 35 from the lecture on visualizing amounts. Next, reorder the bars +for each year by total_sales in descending +order. See Slide 25 from the lecture on visualizing amounts.

+
# Your code goes here.
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/schedule.Rmd b/schedule.Rmd index 8ef2f06..95a2510 100644 --- a/schedule.Rmd +++ b/schedule.Rmd @@ -57,7 +57,8 @@ All homeworks are due by 11:00pm on the day they are due. Homeworks need to be s

Materials:

-- coming soon +- [R Markdown template](assignments/HW2.Rmd) +- [HTML](assignments/HW2.html) ### Homework 3 (due Feb 8, 2024) diff --git a/slides/coordinate-systems-axes.Rmd b/slides/coordinate-systems-axes.Rmd index d2f9247..de42d1a 100644 --- a/slides/coordinate-systems-axes.Rmd +++ b/slides/coordinate-systems-axes.Rmd @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ tempnormals <- read_csv(here("datasets", "tempnormals.csv")) ## Most data visualizations use Cartesian coordinates .center[ -```{r cartesian-coord, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.8, dev = "svg"} +```{r cartesian-coord, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 7.5, fig.asp = 0.8, dev = "svg"} df_points <- data.frame(x = c(-1, 0, 2), y = c(-1, 0, 1), label = c("(–1, –1)", "(0, 0)", "(2, 1)"), @@ -55,9 +55,9 @@ ggplot(df_points, aes(x, y)) + linetype = 2) + geom_point(size = 3, color = "#0072B2") + geom_text(aes(label = label, vjust = vjust, hjust = hjust), - size = 14/.pt) + + size = 16/.pt) + geom_text(data = df_labels, aes(label = label, hjust = hjust, vjust = vjust), - size = 14/.pt) + + size = 16/.pt) + coord_fixed(xlim = c(-2.2, 3.2), ylim = c(-2.2, 2.2), expand = FALSE) + scale_x_continuous( name = "x axis", @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ ggplot(df_points, aes(x, y)) + breaks = -2:2, labels = c("–2", "–1", "0", "1", "2") ) + - theme_minimal_grid(16) + + theme_minimal_grid(18) + theme( axis.ticks.length = grid::unit(0, "pt") ) @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Figure redrawn from [Claus O. Wilke. Fundamentals of Data Visualization. O'Reill ## Changing units does not change the plot .pull-left[ -```{r temperature-normals-Houston-San-Diego, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5, fig.asp = 1, dev = "svg"} +```{r temperature-normals-Houston-San-Diego, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6, fig.asp = 1, dev = "svg"} temps_wide <- tempnormals %>% pivot_wider( id_cols = c("month_name", "month", "day", "date", "day_of_year"), @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ Figure redrawn from [Claus O. Wilke. Fundamentals of Data Visualization. O'Reill -- .pull-right[ -```{r temperature-normals-Houston-San-Diego-Celsius, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5, fig.asp = 1, dev = "svg"} +```{r temperature-normals-Houston-San-Diego-Celsius, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6, fig.asp = 1, dev = "svg"} # Fahrenheit to Celsius conversion F2C <- function(t) {(t-32)*5/9} @@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ ggplot(temps_wide_label, aes(x = F2C(`San Diego`), y = F2C(Houston))) + ## If scale units are unrelated, aspect ratio is arbitrary .center[ -```{r temperature-normals-Houston, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5*6/4.2, fig.asp = 3/4, dev = "svg"} +```{r temperature-normals-Houston, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 9, fig.asp = 3/4, dev = "svg"} temp_plot <- ggplot(temps_wide_label, aes(x = date, y = Houston)) + geom_line(linewidth = 1, color = "#0072B2") + scale_x_date( @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ temp_plot <- ggplot(temps_wide_label, aes(x = date, y = Houston)) + limits = c(50, 90), name = "temperature (°F)" ) + - theme_minimal_grid(14) + theme_minimal_grid(16) plot_grid( plot_grid( @@ -218,13 +218,13 @@ Visualize these five values: 1,   3.16,   10,   31.6,   100 -- .center.nogap[ -```{r linear-log-scales, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 8, fig.asp = (1/3)*0.5, dev = "svg"} +```{r linear-log-scales, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 10, fig.asp = (1/3)*0.5, dev = "svg"} df <- tibble(x = c(1, 3.16, 10, 31.6, 100)) xaxis_lin <- ggplot(df, aes(x, y = 1)) + geom_point(size = 3, color = "#0072B2") + scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0.8, 1.2), expand = c(0, 0), breaks = 1) + - theme_minimal_grid(16, rel_large = 1) + + theme_minimal_grid(18, rel_large = 1) + theme( axis.ticks.length = grid::unit(0, "pt"), axis.text.y = element_blank(), @@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ xaxis_lin <- ggplot(df, aes(x, y = 1)) + xaxis_log <- ggplot(df, aes(log10(x), y = 1)) + geom_point(size = 3, color = "#0072B2") + scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0.8, 1.2), expand = c(0, 0), breaks = 1) + - theme_minimal_grid(16, rel_large = 1) + + theme_minimal_grid(18, rel_large = 1) + theme( axis.ticks.length = grid::unit(0, "pt"), axis.text.y = element_blank(), @@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ ggdraw(plotlist[[1]]) -- .center.nogap[ -```{r linear-log-scales2, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 8, fig.asp = (1/3)*0.5, dev = "svg"} +```{r linear-log-scales2, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 10, fig.asp = (1/3)*0.5, dev = "svg"} ggdraw(plotlist[[2]]) ``` ] @@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ ggdraw(plotlist[[2]]) -- .center.nogap[ -```{r linear-log-scales3, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 8, fig.asp = (1/3)*0.5, dev = "svg"} +```{r linear-log-scales3, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 10, fig.asp = (1/3)*0.5, dev = "svg"} ggdraw(plotlist[[3]]) ``` ] @@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ ggdraw(plotlist[[3]]) A linear scale emphasizes large counties .center.nogap[ -```{r texas-counties-linear, echo = FALSE, message = FALSE, fig.width = 7, fig.asp = 0.6, dev = "svg"} +```{r texas-counties-linear, echo = FALSE, message = FALSE, fig.width = 9, fig.asp = 0.6, dev = "svg"} US_census <- read_csv(here("datasets", "US_census.csv")) library(ggrepel) @@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ ggplot(tx_counties, aes(x = index, y = popratio)) + geom_point(size = 0.5, color = "#0072B2") + geom_text_repel( aes(label = label_large), - size = 10/.pt, + size = 14/.pt, point.padding = .4, color = "black", min.segment.length = 0, max.overlaps = 1000 @@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ ggplot(tx_counties, aes(x = index, y = popratio)) + breaks = NULL, #c(1, 50*(1:5)), name = "Texas counties, from most to least populous" ) + - theme_minimal_hgrid(14) + + theme_minimal_hgrid(16) + theme(axis.line = element_blank()) ``` ] @@ -345,13 +345,13 @@ Figure redrawn from [Claus O. Wilke. Fundamentals of Data Visualization. O'Reill A log scale shows symmetry around the median .center.nogap[ -```{r texas-counties-log, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 7, fig.asp = 0.6, dev = "svg"} +```{r texas-counties-log, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 9, fig.asp = 0.6, dev = "svg"} ggplot(tx_counties, aes(x = index, y = popratio)) + geom_hline(yintercept = 1, linetype = 2, color = "grey40") + geom_point(size = 0.5, color = "#0072B2") + geom_text_repel( aes(label = label), - size = 10/.pt, + size = 14/.pt, point.padding = .4, color = "black", min.segment.length = 0, max.overlaps = 1000 @@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ ggplot(tx_counties, aes(x = index, y = popratio)) + breaks = NULL, #c(1, 50*(1:5)), name = "Texas counties, from most to least populous" ) + - theme_minimal_hgrid(14) + + theme_minimal_hgrid(16) + theme(axis.line = element_blank()) ``` ] @@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ Figure redrawn from [Claus O. Wilke. Fundamentals of Data Visualization. O'Reill ## Nonlinear coordinate systems: Polar coordinates .pull-left[ -```{r cartesian-polar-left, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5, fig.asp = 1, dev = "svg"} +```{r cartesian-polar-left, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6, fig.asp = 1, dev = "svg"} df_points <- tibble( x = c(1, 3.5, 0), y = c(3, 4, 0), @@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ Figure redrawn from [Claus O. Wilke. Fundamentals of Data Visualization. O'Reill -- .pull-right[ -```{r cartesian-polar-right, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5, fig.asp = 1, dev = "svg"} +```{r cartesian-polar-right, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6, fig.asp = 1, dev = "svg"} ggplot(df_points, aes(x, y)) + geom_segment( data = df_segments, @@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ ggplot(df_points, aes(x, y)) + ## Cartesian vs polar example .pull-left[ -```{r temp-normals-vs-time-cartesian, echo=FALSE, message=FALSE, fig.width = 5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev="svg"} +```{r temp-normals-vs-time-cartesian, echo=FALSE, message=FALSE, fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev="svg"} temps_long <- read_csv(here("datasets", "tempnormals.csv")) %>% mutate( location = factor( @@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ ggplot(temps_long, aes(x = date, y = temperature, color = location)) + name = NULL, values = c("#E69F00", "#56B4E9", "#009E73", "#CC79A7") ) + - theme_minimal_grid(14) + theme_minimal_grid(16) ``` ] @@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ Figure redrawn from [Claus O. Wilke. Fundamentals of Data Visualization. O'Reill -- .pull-right[ -```{r temp-normals-vs-time-polar, echo=FALSE, message=FALSE, fig.width = 5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev="svg"} +```{r temp-normals-vs-time-polar, echo=FALSE, message=FALSE, fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev="svg"} ggplot(temps_long, aes(x = date, y = temperature, color = location)) + geom_line(linewidth = 1) + scale_x_date(name = "date", expand = c(0, 0)) + @@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ ggplot(temps_long, aes(x = date, y = temperature, color = location)) + values = c("#E69F00", "#56B4E9", "#009E73", "#CC79A7") ) + coord_polar(theta = "x") + - theme_minimal_grid(14) + theme_minimal_grid(16) ``` ] @@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ ggplot(temperatures, aes(day_of_year, temperature, color = location)) + ``` .center[ -```{r temperatures-cartesian-out, echo = FALSE, ref.label="temperatures-cartesian", fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r temperatures-cartesian-out, echo = FALSE, ref.label="temperatures-cartesian", fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ]] @@ -862,7 +862,7 @@ ggplot(temperatures, aes(day_of_year, temperature, color = location)) + ``` .center[ -```{r temperatures-polar-out, echo = FALSE, ref.label="temperatures-polar", fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r temperatures-polar-out, echo = FALSE, ref.label="temperatures-polar", fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ]] @@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ ggplot(temperatures, aes(day_of_year, temperature, color = location)) + ``` .center[ -```{r temperatures-polar2-out, echo = FALSE, ref.label="temperatures-polar2", fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r temperatures-polar2-out, echo = FALSE, ref.label="temperatures-polar2", fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ]] diff --git a/slides/coordinate-systems-axes.html b/slides/coordinate-systems-axes.html index 975b195..bb3fe65 100644 --- a/slides/coordinate-systems-axes.html +++ b/slides/coordinate-systems-axes.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ ### Claus O. Wilke ] .date[ -### last updated: 2023-01-19 +### last updated: 2024-01-22 ] --- diff --git a/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/boxoffice-scale-progression1-out-1.svg b/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/boxoffice-scale-progression1-out-1.svg index a764aa1..1e02c7a 100644 --- a/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/boxoffice-scale-progression1-out-1.svg +++ b/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/boxoffice-scale-progression1-out-1.svg @@ -1,392 +1,388 @@ - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - 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- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/tx-counties-ggplot-log-1.svg b/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/tx-counties-ggplot-log-1.svg index 408c9af..b4020ea 100644 --- a/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/tx-counties-ggplot-log-1.svg +++ b/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/tx-counties-ggplot-log-1.svg @@ -1,557 +1,555 @@ - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/tx-counties-ggplot-log2-1.svg b/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/tx-counties-ggplot-log2-1.svg index fd5f42d..651b2de 100644 --- a/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/tx-counties-ggplot-log2-1.svg +++ b/slides/coordinate-systems-axes_files/figure-html/tx-counties-ggplot-log2-1.svg @@ -1,537 +1,534 @@ - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/slides/telling-a-story.Rmd b/slides/telling-a-story.Rmd index 7bde303..c35c9d6 100644 --- a/slides/telling-a-story.Rmd +++ b/slides/telling-a-story.Rmd @@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ class: center middle ## Example: Preprints in biology .center[ -```{r preprints-part1, cache = params$cache, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 7.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r preprints-part1, cache = params$cache, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 9, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} df_preprints <- preprints %>% filter(archive %in% c("bioRxiv", "arXiv q-bio")) %>% filter(count > 0) @@ -288,11 +288,11 @@ df_preprints %>% ) + scale_x_date(name = "year", expand = c(0, 0)) + scale_color_manual(values = c("#D55E00", "#0072B2"), guide = "none") + - theme_minimal_grid() + + theme_minimal_grid(16) + theme( axis.ticks.y.right = element_blank(), axis.text.y.right = element_text( - size = 14, + size = 16, margin = margin(0, 0, 0, 0) ) ) @@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ Figure redrawn from [Claus O. Wilke. Fundamentals of Data Visualization. O'Reill ## Example: Preprints in biology .center[ -```{r preprints-part2, cache = params$cache, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 7.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r preprints-part2, cache = params$cache, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 9, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ggplot(df_preprints, aes(date, count, color = archive)) + geom_line(linewidth = 0.75) + scale_y_log10( @@ -353,11 +353,11 @@ ggplot(df_preprints, aes(date, count, color = archive)) + ) + scale_x_date(name = "year", expand = c(0, 0)) + scale_color_manual(values = c("#D55E00", "#0072B2"), guide = "none") + - theme_minimal_grid() + + theme_minimal_grid(16) + theme( axis.ticks.y.right = element_blank(), axis.text.y.right = element_text( - size = 14, + size = 16, margin = margin(0, 0, 0, 0) ) ) @@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ Figure redrawn from [Claus O. Wilke. Fundamentals of Data Visualization. O'Reill -- .center[ -```{r arrival-delay-vs-distance, cache = params$cache, echo = FALSE, message = FALSE, fig.width = 7.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r arrival-delay-vs-distance, cache = params$cache, echo = FALSE, message = FALSE, fig.width = 9, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} library(nycflights13) carrier_names <- tibble( carrier = c("9E", "AA", "B6", "DL", "EV", "MQ", "UA", "US", "WN", "--"), @@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ p_delay_distance <- ggplot(delay) + order = 2 ) ) + - theme_minimal_grid() + + theme_minimal_grid(16) + theme(plot.margin = margin(3.5, 14, 3.5, 1.5)) stamp_bad(p_delay_distance) @@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ Figure redrawn from [Claus O. Wilke. Fundamentals of Data Visualization. O'Reill ## Prepare figures that make a clear point .center[ -```{r mean-arrival-delay-nyc, cache = params$cache, echo = FALSE, message = FALSE, fig.width = 7.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r mean-arrival-delay-nyc, cache = params$cache, echo = FALSE, message = FALSE, fig.width = 9, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} flights_grouped <- flights %>% mutate( carrier = ifelse( @@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ flights_grouped %>% scale_y_discrete(name = NULL) + scale_fill_manual(values = c("#B0B0B0D0", "#BD3828D0"), guide = "none") + coord_cartesian(clip = "off") + - theme_minimal_vgrid(rel_small = 1) + + theme_minimal_vgrid(16, rel_small = 1) + theme( axis.line.y = element_blank(), axis.ticks.y = element_blank() diff --git a/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/arrival-delay-vs-distance-1.svg b/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/arrival-delay-vs-distance-1.svg index a6514e5..9e595f9 100644 --- a/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/arrival-delay-vs-distance-1.svg +++ b/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/arrival-delay-vs-distance-1.svg @@ -1,175 +1,175 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + @@ -187,385 +187,385 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - + + + - + - - + + - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + - + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - + diff --git a/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/mean-arrival-delay-nyc-1.svg b/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/mean-arrival-delay-nyc-1.svg index 6dfcd30..ec8e79b 100644 --- a/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/mean-arrival-delay-nyc-1.svg +++ b/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/mean-arrival-delay-nyc-1.svg @@ -1,266 +1,266 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + - + - + - - + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/preprints-part1-1.svg b/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/preprints-part1-1.svg index cfc6262..a5b6ddd 100644 --- a/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/preprints-part1-1.svg +++ b/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/preprints-part1-1.svg @@ -1,280 +1,280 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - + + - - - + + + - - - + + + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/preprints-part2-1.svg b/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/preprints-part2-1.svg index e36d081..7e81cd5 100644 --- a/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/preprints-part2-1.svg +++ b/slides/telling-a-story_files/figure-html/preprints-part2-1.svg @@ -1,299 +1,299 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - + + - - - + + + - - - + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/slides/visualizing-amounts.Rmd b/slides/visualizing-amounts.Rmd index f81d593..2c2f769 100644 --- a/slides/visualizing-amounts.Rmd +++ b/slides/visualizing-amounts.Rmd @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ Data source: Box Office Mojo
.center.move-up-1em[ -```{r boxoffice-vertical, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 8.5, fig.asp = .5, dev = "svg"} +```{r boxoffice-vertical, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 10, fig.asp = .5, dev = "svg"} boxoffice %>% ggplot(aes(x = fct_reorder(title, rank), y = amount)) + geom_col(fill = "#56B4E9", width = 0.6, alpha = 0.9) + @@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ boxoffice %>% expand = c(0, 0.4) ) + coord_cartesian(clip = "off") + - theme_minimal_hgrid(12, rel_small = 1) + + theme_minimal_hgrid(16, rel_small = 1) + theme( axis.line.x = element_blank(), axis.ticks.x = element_blank() @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ boxoffice %>%
.center.move-up-1em[ -```{r boxoffice-horizontal, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 7, fig.asp = .618, dev = "svg"} +```{r boxoffice-horizontal, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 9, fig.asp = .618, dev = "svg"} ggplot(boxoffice, aes(x = fct_reorder(title, desc(rank)), y = amount)) + geom_col(fill = "#56B4E9", alpha = 0.9) + scale_y_continuous( @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ ggplot(boxoffice, aes(x = fct_reorder(title, desc(rank)), y = amount)) + expand = c(0, 0.5) ) + coord_flip(clip = "off") + - theme_minimal_vgrid(rel_small = 1) + + theme_minimal_vgrid(16, rel_small = 1) + theme( axis.line.y = element_blank(), axis.ticks.y = element_blank() @@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ ggplot(boxoffice, aes(x = fct_reorder(title, desc(rank)), y = amount)) + ## Avoid rotated axis labels .center[ -```{r boxoffice-rot-axis-tick-labels, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6, fig.asp = .85, dev = "svg"} +```{r boxoffice-rot-axis-tick-labels, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 7, fig.asp = .85, dev = "svg"} p_box_axrot <- ggplot(boxoffice, aes(x = fct_reorder(title, rank), y = amount)) + geom_col(fill = "#56B4E9", alpha = 0.9) + @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ p_box_axrot <- ) + scale_x_discrete(name = NULL) + coord_cartesian(clip = "off") + - theme_minimal_hgrid(rel_small = 1) + + theme_minimal_hgrid(16, rel_small = 1) + theme( axis.line.x = element_blank(), axis.ticks.x = element_blank(), @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ stamp_ugly(p_box_axrot)
.center.move-up-1em[ -```{r boxoffice-horizontal-unordered, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 7, fig.asp = .618, dev = "svg"} +```{r boxoffice-horizontal-unordered, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 9, fig.asp = .618, dev = "svg"} p_box_noorder <- ggplot(boxoffice) + aes( x = factor(title, levels = title[c(2, 1, 5, 3, 4)]), @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ p_box_noorder <- ggplot(boxoffice) + expand = c(0, 0.5) ) + coord_flip(clip = "off") + - theme_minimal_vgrid(rel_small = 1) + + theme_minimal_vgrid(16, rel_small = 1) + theme( axis.line.y = element_blank(), axis.ticks.y = element_blank() @@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ stamp_bad(p_box_noorder)
.center.move-up-1em[ -```{r boxoffice-dotplot, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 7, fig.asp = .618, dev = "svg"} +```{r boxoffice-dotplot, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 9, fig.asp = .618, dev = "svg"} ggplot(boxoffice, aes(x = fct_reorder(title, desc(rank)), y = amount)) + geom_point(color = "#0072B2", size = 4) + scale_y_continuous( @@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ ggplot(boxoffice, aes(x = fct_reorder(title, desc(rank)), y = amount)) + expand = c(0, 0.5) ) + coord_flip(clip = "off") + - theme_minimal_vgrid(rel_small = 1) + + theme_minimal_vgrid(16, rel_small = 1) + theme( axis.line.y = element_blank(), axis.ticks.y = element_blank() @@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ ggplot(boxoffice, aes(x = fct_reorder(title, desc(rank)), y = amount)) + ## Dots are preferable if we want to truncate the axes .center.move-up-1em[ -```{r Americas-life-expect, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6., fig.asp = .9, dev = "svg"} +```{r Americas-life-expect, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 7., fig.asp = .9, dev = "svg"} library(gapminder) df_Americas <- gapminder %>% filter(year == 2007, continent == "Americas") @@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ ggplot(df_Americas, aes(x = lifeExp, y = fct_reorder(country, lifeExp))) + expand = c(0, 0) ) + scale_y_discrete(name = NULL, expand = c(0, 0.5)) + - theme_minimal_grid(12, rel_small = 1) + + theme_minimal_grid(14, rel_small = 1) + theme( plot.margin = margin(18, 6, 3, 1.5) ) @@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ ggplot(df_Americas, aes(x = lifeExp, y = fct_reorder(country, lifeExp))) + ## Dots are preferable if we want to truncate the axes .center.move-up-1em[ -```{r Americas-life-expect-bad1, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6., fig.asp = .9, dev = "svg"} +```{r Americas-life-expect-bad1, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 7., fig.asp = .9, dev = "svg"} p <- ggplot(df_Americas, aes(x = lifeExp, y = fct_reorder(country, lifeExp))) + geom_col(fill = "#56B4E9", alpha = 0.9) + scale_x_continuous( @@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ p <- ggplot(df_Americas, aes(x = lifeExp, y = fct_reorder(country, lifeExp))) + ) + scale_y_discrete(name = NULL, expand = c(0, 0.5)) + coord_cartesian(xlim = c(59.7, 81.5)) + - theme_minimal_grid(12, rel_small = 1) + + theme_minimal_grid(14, rel_small = 1) + theme( plot.margin = margin(18, 6, 3, 1.5) ) @@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ bar lengths do
not accurately
represent the
data values ## Dots are preferable if we want to truncate the axes .center.move-up-1em[ -```{r Americas-life-expect-bad2, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6., fig.asp = .9, dev = "svg"} +```{r Americas-life-expect-bad2, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 7., fig.asp = .9, dev = "svg"} p <- ggplot(df_Americas, aes(x = lifeExp, y = fct_reorder(country, lifeExp))) + geom_col(fill = "#56B4E9", alpha = 0.9) + scale_x_continuous( @@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ p <- ggplot(df_Americas, aes(x = lifeExp, y = fct_reorder(country, lifeExp))) + ) + scale_y_discrete(name = NULL, expand = c(0, 0.5)) + coord_cartesian(xlim = c(0, 85)) + - theme_minimal_grid(12, rel_small = 1) + + theme_minimal_grid(14, rel_small = 1) + theme( plot.margin = margin(18, 6, 3, 1.5) ) @@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ class: center middle
.center.move-up-1em[ -```{r income-by-age-race-dodged, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 9, fig.asp = 0.5, dev = "svg"} +```{r income-by-age-race-dodged, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 10, fig.asp = 0.5, dev = "svg"} # Take the darkest four colors from 5-class ColorBrewer palette "PuBu" # colors_four <- RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(5, "PuBu")[5:2] colors_four <- c("#045A8D", "#2B8CBE", "#74A9CF", "#BDC9E1") @@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ ggplot(income_by_age, aes(x = age, y = median_income, fill = race)) + scale_fill_manual(values = colors_four, name = NULL) + coord_cartesian(clip = "off") + xlab("age (years)") + - theme_minimal_hgrid() + + theme_minimal_hgrid(16) + theme( axis.line.x = element_blank(), axis.ticks.x = element_blank() @@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ Data source: United States Census Bureau, 2016
.center[ -```{r income-by-race-age-dodged, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 8, fig.asp = 0.4, dev = "svg"} +```{r income-by-race-age-dodged, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 10, fig.asp = 0.4, dev = "svg"} # Take the darkest seven colors from 8-class ColorBrewer palette "PuBu" # colors_seven <- RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(8, "PuBu")[2:8] colors_seven <- c("#ECE7F2", "#D0D1E6", "#A6BDDB", "#74A9CF", "#3690C0", "#0570B0", "#034E7B") @@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ ggplot(income_by_age, aes(x = race, y = median_income, fill = age)) + scale_fill_manual(values = colors_seven, name = "age (yrs)") + coord_cartesian(clip = "off") + xlab(label = NULL) + - theme_minimal_hgrid() + + theme_minimal_hgrid(16) + theme( axis.line.x = element_blank(), axis.ticks.x = element_blank(), @@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ Data source: United States Census Bureau, 2016 ## We can also use multiple plot panels (facets) .center[ -```{r income-by-age-race-faceted, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 8, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r income-by-age-race-faceted, echo = FALSE, fig.width = 10, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ggplot(income_by_age, aes(x = age_brief, y = median_income)) + geom_col(fill = "#56B4E9", alpha = 0.9) + scale_y_continuous( @@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ ggplot(income_by_age, aes(x = age_brief, y = median_income)) + coord_cartesian(clip = "off") + xlab(label = "age (years)") + facet_wrap(~race, scales = "free_x") + - theme_minimal_hgrid(12) + + theme_minimal_hgrid(14) + theme( axis.ticks.x = element_blank(), axis.line = element_blank(), @@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ ggplot(boxoffice, aes(title, amount)) + -- .center[ -```{r boxoffice-naive-out, ref.label = "boxoffice-naive", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 8, fig.asp = 0.4, dev = "svg"} +```{r boxoffice-naive-out, ref.label = "boxoffice-naive", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 10, fig.asp = 0.4, dev = "svg"} ``` ] @@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ ggplot(boxoffice, aes(fct_reorder(title, amount), amount)) + ] .center[ -```{r boxoffice-ordered-out, ref.label = "boxoffice-ordered", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 8, fig.asp = 0.4, dev = "svg"} +```{r boxoffice-ordered-out, ref.label = "boxoffice-ordered", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 10, fig.asp = 0.4, dev = "svg"} ``` ] @@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ ggplot(boxoffice, aes(fct_reorder(title, -amount), amount)) + ] .center[ -```{r boxoffice-ordered2-out, ref.label = "boxoffice-ordered2", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 8, fig.asp = 0.4, dev = "svg"} +```{r boxoffice-ordered2-out, ref.label = "boxoffice-ordered2", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 10, fig.asp = 0.4, dev = "svg"} ``` ] @@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ ggplot(boxoffice, aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount))) + ] .center[ -```{r boxoffice-ordered3-out, ref.label = "boxoffice-ordered3", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r boxoffice-ordered3-out, ref.label = "boxoffice-ordered3", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ] @@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ ggplot(penguins, aes(y = species)) + # note: no x aesthetic defined ] .center[ -```{r penguins-bars-out, ref.label = "penguins-bars", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r penguins-bars-out, ref.label = "penguins-bars", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ] @@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ ggplot(penguins, aes(y = fct_relevel(species, "Chinstrap", "Gentoo", "Adelie"))) ] .center[ -```{r penguins-bars2-out, ref.label = "penguins-bars2", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r penguins-bars2-out, ref.label = "penguins-bars2", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ] @@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ ggplot(penguins, aes(y = fct_rev(fct_infreq(species)))) + ] .center[ -```{r penguins-bars3-out, ref.label = "penguins-bars3", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r penguins-bars3-out, ref.label = "penguins-bars3", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ] @@ -625,7 +625,7 @@ ggplot(penguins, aes(sex, fill = species)) + ] .center[ -```{r penguins-sex-species-out, ref.label = "penguins-sex-species", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r penguins-sex-species-out, ref.label = "penguins-sex-species", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ] @@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ ggplot(penguins_nomissing, aes(sex, fill = species)) + ] .center[ -```{r penguins-sex-species2-out, ref.label = "penguins-sex-species2", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r penguins-sex-species2-out, ref.label = "penguins-sex-species2", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ] @@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ ggplot(penguins_nomissing, aes(sex, fill = species)) + ] .center[ -```{r penguins-sex-species-dodge-out, ref.label = "penguins-sex-species-dodge", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r penguins-sex-species-dodge-out, ref.label = "penguins-sex-species-dodge", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ] @@ -680,7 +680,7 @@ ggplot(penguins_nomissing, aes(sex, fill = species)) + ] .center[ -```{r penguins-sex-species-stack-out, ref.label = "penguins-sex-species-stack", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r penguins-sex-species-stack-out, ref.label = "penguins-sex-species-stack", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ] @@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ ggplot(penguins_nomissing, aes(sex, fill = species)) + ] .center[ -```{r penguins-sex-species-fill-out, ref.label = "penguins-sex-species-fill", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 5.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} +```{r penguins-sex-species-fill-out, ref.label = "penguins-sex-species-fill", echo = FALSE, fig.width = 6.5, fig.asp = 0.618, dev = "svg"} ``` ] diff --git a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-1.svg b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-1.svg index 18840b0..ac93a55 100644 --- a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-1.svg +++ b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-1.svg @@ -1,690 +1,690 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-bad1-1.svg b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-bad1-1.svg index a06c3c8..ebeca29 100644 --- a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-bad1-1.svg +++ b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-bad1-1.svg @@ -1,146 +1,146 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + @@ -158,680 +158,680 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - - - + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - + diff --git a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-bad2-1.svg b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-bad2-1.svg index 36a845c..07c589a 100644 --- a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-bad2-1.svg +++ b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/Americas-life-expect-bad2-1.svg @@ -1,146 +1,146 @@ - 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+ @@ -79,134 +79,134 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - + + + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + - - + + - - - + + + - - - + + + - - - - - + + + + + diff --git a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-dodge-out-1.svg b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-dodge-out-1.svg index af0c2e1..499991e 100644 --- a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-dodge-out-1.svg +++ b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-dodge-out-1.svg @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ - + @@ -109,169 +109,169 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - + + + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - + - - + + - - + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - + + + - - - - - + + + + + - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + diff --git a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-fill-out-1.svg b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-fill-out-1.svg index 31d9a97..48b2192 100644 --- a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-fill-out-1.svg +++ b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-fill-out-1.svg @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ - + @@ -115,191 +115,191 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - + + + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - + + + - - - - - + + + + + - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + diff --git a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-out-1.svg b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-out-1.svg index e09e611..697cb37 100644 --- a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-out-1.svg +++ b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-out-1.svg @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ - + @@ -109,184 +109,184 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - + + + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - + - - + + - - - + + + - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - + + - - - + + + - - - - - + + + + + - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + diff --git a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-stack-out-1.svg b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-stack-out-1.svg index 70e3318..007e732 100644 --- a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-stack-out-1.svg +++ b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species-stack-out-1.svg @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ - + @@ -106,171 +106,171 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - + + + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - + - - + + - - - + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - + + + - - - - - + + + + + - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + diff --git a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species2-out-1.svg b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species2-out-1.svg index 70e3318..007e732 100644 --- a/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species2-out-1.svg +++ b/slides/visualizing-amounts_files/figure-html/penguins-sex-species2-out-1.svg @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ - + @@ -106,171 +106,171 @@ - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - + + + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + - + - - + + - - - + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - + + + + - - - + + + - - - - - + + + + + - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - + + + + + + diff --git a/worksheets/coordinate-systems-axes.html b/worksheets/coordinate-systems-axes.html index bf00e55..09ceb68 100644 --- a/worksheets/coordinate-systems-axes.html +++ b/worksheets/coordinate-systems-axes.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + @@ -13,9 +13,14 @@ + Coordinate systems and axes + + + + @@ -34,16 +39,15 @@ } - - + + - - - +Skip to Tutorial Content
-
+
-
+

Introduction

-

In this worksheet, we will discuss how to change and customize scales and coordinate systems.

-

We will be using the R package tidyverse, which includes ggplot() and related functions.

+

In this worksheet, we will discuss how to change and customize scales +and coordinate systems.

+

We will be using the R package tidyverse, which +includes ggplot() and related functions.

# load required library
 library(tidyverse)
-

We will be working with three different datasets, boxoffice, temperatures, and tx_counties. You have already seen the first two previously.

-

The boxoffice dataset contains box-office gross results for Dec. 22-24, 2017.

+

We will be working with three different datasets, +boxoffice, temperatures, and +tx_counties. You have already seen the first two +previously.

+

The boxoffice dataset contains box-office gross results +for Dec. 22-24, 2017.

boxoffice
-

The temperatures dataset contains the average temperature for each day of the year for four different locations.

+

The temperatures dataset contains the average +temperature for each day of the year for four different locations.

temperatures
-

The tx_counties dataset holds information about how many people lived in Texas counties in 2010. The column popratio is the ratio of the number of inhabitants to the median across all counties, and the column index simply counts the counties from most populous to least populous.

+

The tx_counties dataset holds information about how many +people lived in Texas counties in 2010. The column popratio +is the ratio of the number of inhabitants to the median across all +counties, and the column index simply counts the counties +from most populous to least populous.

tx_counties
+
-
+
ggplot(boxoffice) +
   aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount)) +
   geom_col() +
   scale_x_continuous(___) +
   scale_y_discrete(___)
-
+
ggplot(boxoffice) +
   aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount)) +
   geom_col() +
   scale_x_continuous(name = "weekend gross (million USD)") +
   scale_y_discrete(name = NULL)
-

We can also use scale functions to set axis limits, via the limits argument. For continuous scales, the limits argument takes a vector of two numbers representing the lower and upper limit. For example, limits = c(0, 80) would indicate an axis that runs from 0 to 80. For discrete scales, the limits argument takes a vector of all the categories that should be shown, in the order in which they should be shown.

+

We can also use scale functions to set axis limits, via the +limits argument. For continuous scales, the +limits argument takes a vector of two numbers representing +the lower and upper limit. For example, limits = c(0, 80) +would indicate an axis that runs from 0 to 80. For discrete scales, the +limits argument takes a vector of all the categories that should be +shown, in the order in which they should be shown.

Try this out by setting a limit from 0 to 80 on the x axis.

-
- +
+
-
+
ggplot(boxoffice) +
   aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount)) +
   geom_col() +
@@ -195,7 +242,9 @@ 

Scale customizations

) + scale_y_discrete(name = NULL)
-
+
ggplot(boxoffice) +
   aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount)) +
   geom_col() +
@@ -205,14 +254,29 @@ 

Scale customizations

) + scale_y_discrete(name = NULL)
-

What happens if you set the axis limits such that not all data points can be shown, for example an upper limit of 65 rather than 80? Do you understand why?

-

(Hint: Scale limits are applied before the plot is drawn, and data points outside the scale limits are discarded. If this is not what you want, there’s an alternative way of setting limits. See the very end of this worksheet under “Coords”.)

-

Next, we can use the breaks and labels arguments to customize which axis ticks are shown and how they are labeled. In general, you need exactly as many breaks as labels. If you define only breaks but not labels then labels are automatically generated from the breaks.

-

In the above example, set breaks at 0, 25, 50, and 75, and format the labels such that they can be read as currency. For example, write $25M instead of just 25.

-
- +

What happens if you set the axis limits such that not all data points +can be shown, for example an upper limit of 65 rather than 80? Do you +understand why?

+

(Hint: Scale limits are applied before the plot is drawn, and data +points outside the scale limits are discarded. If this is not what you +want, there’s an alternative way of setting limits. See the very end of +this worksheet under “Coords”.)

+

Next, we can use the breaks and labels +arguments to customize which axis ticks are shown and how they are +labeled. In general, you need exactly as many breaks as labels. If you +define only breaks but not labels then labels are automatically +generated from the breaks.

+

In the above example, set breaks at 0, 25, 50, and 75, and format the +labels such that they can be read as currency. For example, write $25M +instead of just 25.

+
+
-
+
ggplot(boxoffice) +
   aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount)) +
   geom_col() +
@@ -224,7 +288,9 @@ 

Scale customizations

) + scale_y_discrete(name = NULL)
-
+
ggplot(boxoffice) +
   aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount)) +
   geom_col() +
@@ -236,13 +302,35 @@ 

Scale customizations

) + scale_y_discrete(name = NULL)
-

When looking at the previous plot, you may notice that the x axis extends beyond the limits you have set. This happens because by default ggplot scales expand the axis range by a small amount. You can set the axis expansion via the expand parameter. Setting the expansion can be a bit tricky, because we can set expansion at either end of a scale and we can define both additive and multiplicative expansion. (Additive expansion adds a fixed value, whereas multiplicative expansion adds a multiple of the scale range. ggplot uses additive expansion for discrete scales and multiplicative expansion for continuous scales, but you can use either for either scale.)

-

The simplest way to define expansions is with the expansion() function, which takes arguments mult for multiplicative expansion and add for additive expansion. Either takes a vector of two values, indicating expansion at the lower and upper end, respectively. Thus, expansion(mult = c(0, 0.1)) indicates multiplicative expansion of 0% at the lower end and 10% at the upper end, whereas expansion(add = c(2, 2)) indicates additive expansion of 2 units at either end of the scale.

-

Try this yourself. Use the expand argument to remove the gap to the left of 0 on the x axis.

-
- +

When looking at the previous plot, you may notice that the x axis +extends beyond the limits you have set. This happens because by default +ggplot scales expand the axis range by a small amount. You can set the +axis expansion via the expand parameter. Setting the +expansion can be a bit tricky, because we can set expansion at either +end of a scale and we can define both additive and multiplicative +expansion. (Additive expansion adds a fixed value, whereas +multiplicative expansion adds a multiple of the scale range. ggplot uses +additive expansion for discrete scales and multiplicative expansion for +continuous scales, but you can use either for either scale.)

+

The simplest way to define expansions is with the +expansion() function, which takes arguments +mult for multiplicative expansion and add for +additive expansion. Either takes a vector of two values, indicating +expansion at the lower and upper end, respectively. Thus, +expansion(mult = c(0, 0.1)) indicates multiplicative +expansion of 0% at the lower end and 10% at the upper end, whereas +expansion(add = c(2, 2)) indicates additive expansion of 2 +units at either end of the scale.

+

Try this yourself. Use the expand argument to remove the +gap to the left of 0 on the x axis.

+
+
-
+
ggplot(boxoffice) +
   aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount)) +
   geom_col() +
@@ -255,7 +343,9 @@ 

Scale customizations

) + scale_y_discrete(name = NULL)
-
+
ggplot(boxoffice) +
   aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount)) +
   geom_col() +
@@ -268,34 +358,49 @@ 

Scale customizations

) + scale_y_discrete(name = NULL)
-

Try different settings for the expand argument. Try both multiplicative and additive expansions. Apply different expansions to the y axis as well.

+

Try different settings for the expand argument. Try both +multiplicative and additive expansions. Apply different expansions to +the y axis as well.

Logarithmic scales

-

Scales can also transform the data before plotting. For example, log scales such as scale_x_log10() and scale_y_log10() log-transform the data. To try this out, we’ll be working with the tx_counties dataset:

+

Scales can also transform the data before plotting. For example, log +scales such as scale_x_log10() and +scale_y_log10() log-transform the data. To try this out, +we’ll be working with the tx_counties dataset:

ggplot(tx_counties) +
   aes(x = index, y = popratio) +
   geom_point()

Modify this plot so the y axis uses a log scale.

-
+
ggplot(tx_counties) +
   aes(x = index, y = popratio) +
   geom_point() +
   ___
- +
-
+
ggplot(tx_counties) +
   aes(x = index, y = popratio) +
   geom_point() +
   scale_y_log10()
-

Now customize the log scale by setting name, limits, breaks, and labels. These work exactly as they did in scale_x_continuous().

-
- +

Now customize the log scale by setting name, +limits, breaks, and labels. These +work exactly as they did in scale_x_continuous().

+
+
-
+
ggplot(tx_counties) +
   aes(x = index, y = popratio) +
   geom_point() +
@@ -306,7 +411,9 @@ 

Logarithmic scales

labels = ___ )
-
+
ggplot(tx_counties) +
   aes(x = index, y = popratio) +
   geom_point() +
@@ -320,34 +427,65 @@ 

Logarithmic scales

Coords

-

While scales determine how data values are mapped and represented along one dimension, e.g. the x or the y axis, coordinate systems define how these dimensions are projected onto the 2d plot surface. The default coordinate system is the Cartesian coordinate system, which uses orthogonal x and y axes. In the following example, I have added the coord explicitly, but this is not normally necessary.

-

We can however add a different coord, for example coord_polar() to use a polar coordinate system. Try this out.

-
- +

While scales determine how data values are mapped and represented +along one dimension, e.g. the x or the y axis, coordinate systems define +how these dimensions are projected onto the 2d plot surface. The default +coordinate system is the Cartesian coordinate system, which uses +orthogonal x and y axes. In the following example, I have added the +coord explicitly, but this is not normally necessary.

+

+We can however add a different coord, for example +coord_polar() to use a polar coordinate system. Try this +out.

+
+
-
+
ggplot(temperatures, aes(day_of_year, temperature, color = location)) +
   geom_line() +
   coord_polar()
-

In the polar coordinate system, the y axis (here, temperature) is mapped onto the radius, and the x axis (here, day of year) is mapped onto the angle. You can use scale_x_continuous() and scale_y_continuous() to modify the radial and angular axes. For example, you may want to change the temperature limits from 0 to 105 so the temperature curve for Chicago doesn’t hit the exact center of the plot. Try this out.

-
- +

In the polar coordinate system, the y axis (here, temperature) is +mapped onto the radius, and the x axis (here, day of year) is mapped +onto the angle. You can use scale_x_continuous() and +scale_y_continuous() to modify the radial and angular axes. +For example, you may want to change the temperature limits from 0 to 105 +so the temperature curve for Chicago doesn’t hit the exact center of the +plot. Try this out.

+
+
-
+
ggplot(temperatures, aes(day_of_year, temperature, color = location)) +
   geom_line() +
   coord_polar() +
   scale_y_continuous(limits = ___)
-
+
ggplot(temperatures, aes(day_of_year, temperature, color = location)) +
   geom_line() +
   coord_polar() +
   scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, 105))
-

There are other useful coords. For example, coord_fixed() is a Cartesian coordinate system with fixed aspect ratio. This is useful when we plot variables along the x and y axes that are measured in the same units. In this case, we want the two axes to be coordinated, such that one step along x has the same meaning as one step along y.

-

To demonstrate this, reshape the temperatures dataset into wide format, and then plot temperatures in San Diego versus temperatures in Houston.

+

There are other useful coords. For example, +coord_fixed() is a Cartesian coordinate system with fixed +aspect ratio. This is useful when we plot variables along the x and y +axes that are measured in the same units. In this case, we want the two +axes to be coordinated, such that one step along x has the same meaning +as one step along y.

+

To demonstrate this, reshape the temperatures dataset +into wide format, and then plot temperatures in San Diego versus +temperatures in Houston.

temps_wide <- temperatures %>%
   pivot_wider(names_from = location, values_from = temperature)
 
@@ -360,20 +498,34 @@ 

Coords

ggplot(temps_wide, aes(`San Diego`, Houston)) +
   geom_point()

-

Units along both x and y are temperatures, but a 10 degree difference in Houston is shown as a shorter distance than a 10 degree difference in San Diego. To address this problem, add coord_fixed() to the above plot.

-
- +

Units along both x and y are temperatures, but a 10 degree difference +in Houston is shown as a shorter distance than a 10 degree difference in +San Diego. To address this problem, add coord_fixed() to +the above plot.

+
+
-
+
ggplot(temps_wide, aes(`San Diego`, Houston)) +
   geom_point() +
   coord_fixed()
-

This plot is technically correct but it doesn’t look good, because breaks are spaced differently along the two axes. Also, the plot looks strangely narrow and tall. We can fix both issues by manually setting breaks and limits for both axes. Try this out.

-
- +

This plot is technically correct but it doesn’t look good, because +breaks are spaced differently along the two axes. Also, the plot looks +strangely narrow and tall. We can fix both issues by manually setting +breaks and limits for both axes. Try this out.

+
+
-
+
ggplot(temps_wide, aes(`San Diego`, Houston)) +
   geom_point() +
   coord_fixed() +
@@ -386,7 +538,9 @@ 

Coords

breaks = ___ )
-
+
ggplot(temps_wide, aes(`San Diego`, Houston)) +
   geom_point() +
   coord_fixed() +
@@ -399,15 +553,27 @@ 

Coords

breaks = c(50, 60, 70, 80) )
-

Finally, as the last example of what can be done with coords, we go back to the problem of setting limits on the box-office bar plot. Instead of setting limits with scale functions, we can also set them via the arguments xlim and ylim inside the coord, for example here coord_cartesian(). (This would be a good reason to explicity add coord_cartesian() to a plot.) When we set limits in the coord ggplot does not discard any data points. Instead it simply zooms in or out according to the limits set. Try this out by setting the x limits from 10 to 65 in the box-office plot.

-
+

Finally, as the last example of what can be done with coords, we go +back to the problem of setting limits on the box-office bar plot. +Instead of setting limits with scale functions, we can also set them via +the arguments xlim and ylim inside the coord, +for example here coord_cartesian(). (This would be a good +reason to explicity add coord_cartesian() to a plot.) When +we set limits in the coord ggplot does not discard any data points. +Instead it simply zooms in or out according to the limits set. Try this +out by setting the x limits from 10 to 65 in the box-office plot.

+
ggplot(boxoffice) +
   aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount)) +
   geom_col() +
   ___
- +
-
+
ggplot(boxoffice) +
   aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount)) +
   geom_col() +
@@ -415,7 +581,9 @@ 

Coords

xlim = ___ )
-
+
ggplot(boxoffice) +
   aes(amount, fct_reorder(title, amount)) +
   geom_col() +
@@ -423,7 +591,10 @@ 

Coords

xlim = c(10, 65) )
-Note: It is normally not a good idea to start a bar plot at a value other than 0. The previous exercise was solely to demonstrate how limits in coords differ from limits in scales. +

Note: It is normally not a good idea to start a bar +plot at a value other than 0. The previous exercise was solely to +demonstrate how limits in coords differ from limits in scales. + + + + + + + @@ -474,6 +655,53 @@

Coords

`tutorial-exercise-boxoffice-axis-title-result`() }) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + + + +

+
-
+
@@ -565,7 +1254,8 @@

Coords

- +

Coordinate systems +and axes

Claus O. Wilke

@@ -576,11 +1266,23 @@

Claus O. Wilke

-
+
+ +