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Repository of body segment parameter models

This is the main README for this repository. The user-friendly front page is located at http://wspr.io/body-segment-param.

This repository contains the raw data for a multitude of body segment parameter models. Collecting this data, especially in standard form, is a tedious process; we hope that by making this data more widely available, biomechanics researchers (&c.) will be able able to concentrate more on biomechanics rather than copying tables of numbers. We also hope that by making a rich set of data available, questions will arise regarding accuracy, scope, and coverage of the models, and that researchers will be more able to chose the appropriate model for their particular application.

This project is quite incomplete! The data added to date has been largely to support our own work. Contributions welcome of course; see the main Github repository and make a pull request.

Models are divided into multiple folders and are described briefly below. Please consult the original publication for each model for further information.

Relative mass models

These are the basic "segment YY is ZZ% of the body mass" models.

To permit consistency of comparison between models, all models are presented with (at least) two columns. The first is "original mass", which is the value given by the study. In some cases, these masses will sum to the "average mass" in kg of the participants in the study. In other cases (usually cadaveric), the masses are given in percentage of total body mass, but this total will not quite equal 100% due to the dissection processes.

All data is then presented in a "rescaled mass" column, pre-calculated to meaningless precision, such that the sum of the segments exactly equals 100%. This results in a few cases where, due to rounding errors in the publications, data is presented that sums to, say, 99.8% and the rescaled column is, to all extents and purposes equal to the original column modulo some small discrepancies. In other cases, care was evidently taken to ensure the segments summed to exactly 100% even with a precision of only 0.1 percentage points.

  • harless1860.csv

    • Harless (1860), "The Static Moments Of The Component Masses Of The Human Body", Royal Bavarian Academy of Science 8:1-2, Unpublished English Translation, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
    • Data also from Clauser (1969) and Zatsiorski (2002).

  • braune1889.csv

    • From Clauser (1969), corresponding to Braune and Fischer (1889), "The Center of Gravity of the Human Body as Related to the German Infantryman", Leipzig.
    • Note that the value for the foot mass proportion is given as 1.7 by Clauser and 1.8 by zats; comparison with the original text should be done!

  • dempster1955.csv:

    • From Dempster (1955), "Space requirements for the seated operator", Technical Report WADC TR-55-159, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
    • Standard deviations can be calculated from data given by Dempster but have been taken from Zatsiorski (2002).
    • The original data can be interpreted in various ways; here, I've omitted entries "Trunk minus shoulders" and "Trunk minus limbs" with the assumption that "Shoulders+Thorax+AbdoPelvis" is good enough (there's around 0.9% difference from doing so).
    • To avoid confusion with other models, I've renamed "Thorax" to "Chest" since it omits the shoulders. (Technically thorax means chest in Latin, but the disambiguation seemed to work okay.)
    • N = 8 (except one is suspicious).

  • drillis1968.csv

    • From Clauser (1969), corresponding to Drillis and Contini (1968)

  • fujikawa1963.csv

    • From Clauser (1969), corresponding to Fujikawa (1963), "The center of gravity in the parts of the human body", Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica 39.
    • Japanese population.
    • Clauser omits the Fujikawa values from his summary table citing anthropomorphic differences between Caucasian and Japanese populations.

  • clauser1969.csv

    • From Clauser (1969), "Weight, Volume and Center of Mass of Segments of the Human Body", Technical Report AMRL-TR-69-70, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
    • N = 13.
    • Contains COM and standard deviations.

  • zats-selu1979f.csv:

    • From Zatsiorski (2002), "Kinetics of Human Motion", Human Kinetics.
    • N = 15.

  • zats-selu1979m.csv

    • From Zatsiorski (2002), "Kinetics of Human Motion", Human Kinetics.
    • N = 100.
    • Includes standard deviation.

  • jensen1986-12yr.csv/jensen1986-15yr.csv

    • From Jensen (1986) "Body segment mass, radius and radius of gyration proportions of children", Journal of Biomechanics
    • Their study also provides regression equations including age.

  • jensen1989-6yr.csv/jensen1989-18yr.csv

    • From Jensen (1989) "Changes in segment inertia proportions between 4 and 20 years", Journal of Biomechanics
    • 6yr vs 18yr. Their study also provides regression equations including age.

  • jensen1994F.csv/jensen1994M.csv

    • From Jensen and Fletcher (1994), "Distribution of mass to the segments of elderly males and females", Journal of Biomechanics
    • Elderly population

  • cheng2000

    • From Cheng et al. (2000), "Segment inertial properties of Chinese adults determined from magnetic resonance imaging", Clinical Biomechanics.
    • Chinese population.
    • Includes standard deviation.
    • Includes CoM.

  • pavol2002F.csv/pavol2002M.csv

    • Pavol et al (2002), "Body segment inertial parameter estimation for the general population of older adults", Journal of Biomechanics
    • Older Caucasian population.
    • Includes standard deviation.

  • nicolova2007F.csv / nicolova2007M.csv

    • From Nicolova et al (2007) "Estimation of male and female body segment parameters of the Bulgarian population using a 16-segmental mathematical model", Journal of Biomechanics
    • Data generated from a geometric method.
    • Includes CoM and Volume.
    • Publication includes MoI but is not included here.
    • N = 2855 / 2435 (!!).

  • chen2011.csv

    • From Chen et al. (2011), "A method for estimating subject-specific body segment inertial parameters in human movement analysis", Gait & Posture.
    • A kinematic method, unusually.
    • Includes standard deviation.
    • Includes CoM.
    • N = 12.

  • ma2011F.csv/ma2011M.csv

    • From Ma et al. (2011), "Nonlinear regression equations for segmental mass-inertial characteristics of Korean adults estimated using three-dimensional range scan data", Applied Ergonomics.
    • Korean population

Zatsiorsky's CT scan data

This data has been extracted from Zatsiorski (2002), "Kinetics of Human Motion", Human Kinetics, input manually by two different people and cross-checked in Matlab for accuracy.

Mean data

  • zats-mean-female-bsp.csv: Table A2.5
  • zats-mean-female-comgyr.csv: Table A2.11
  • zats-mean-male-bsp.csv: Table 4.4
  • zats-mean-male-comgyr.csv: Table A2.11

Weight/height regression models

Table A2.6:

  • regr-mass-height/zats2-male-com.csv
  • regr-mass-height/zats2-male-mass.csv
  • regr-mass-height/zats2-male-moi-ap.csv
  • regr-mass-height/zats2-male-moi-ml.csv
  • regr-mass-height/zats2-male-moi-si.csv

Table A2.7:

  • regr-mass-height/zats2-female-com.csv
  • regr-mass-height/zats2-female-mass.csv
  • regr-mass-height/zats2-female-moi-ap.csv
  • regr-mass-height/zats2-female-moi-ml.csv
  • regr-mass-height/zats2-female-moi-si.csv

Geometric regression models (Table A2.8)

  • zatsN-male-abdo.csv
  • zatsN-male-arm.csv
  • zatsN-male-foot.csv
  • zatsN-male-forearm.csv
  • zatsN-male-hand.csv
  • zatsN-male-headneck.csv
  • zatsN-male-leg.csv
  • zatsN-male-pelvis.csv
  • zatsN-male-thigh.csv
  • zatsN-male-thorax.csv

Nonlinear geometric regression models (Table A2.9)

  • zatsNL-female.csv
  • zatsNL-male.csv

Shan and Bohn (2003)

From Shan and Bohn (2003), "Anthropometrical data and coefficients of regression related to gender and race", Applied Ergonomics

Features:

  • 2nd order regression (body height and body weight)
  • N=25 each for four groups:
    • Chinese male
    • Chinese female
    • German male
    • German female
  • Mass, segment length, and three moments of inertia reported.
  • N.B. CoM is not reported as a regression.

Files:

  • regr-mass-height/shanbohn2FC-ix.csv
  • regr-mass-height/shanbohn2FC-iy.csv
  • regr-mass-height/shanbohn2FC-iz.csv
  • regr-mass-height/shanbohn2FC-length.csv
  • regr-mass-height/shanbohn2FC-mass.csv