Allow renaming storage item prefixes (paritytech#9016)

* Implement parsing for #[pallet::storage_name] on storage items

* Rename storage prefix when a #[pallet::storage_name] is supplied

* Fix test_storage_info

* Rename storage_name to storage_prefix

* Check for duplicates when renaming storage prefixes

* Allow only string literals for storage_prefix renames

* Use proper spans for attribute errors

* Check for valid identifiers when parsing storage prefix renames

frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/expand/storage.rs

@@ -15,22 +15,48 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-use crate::pallet::Def;
+use crate::pallet::{Def, parse::storage::StorageDef};
 use crate::pallet::parse::storage::{Metadata, QueryKind, StorageGenerics};
 use frame_support_procedural_tools::clean_type_string;
+use std::collections::HashSet;
 
 /// Generate the prefix_ident related the the storage.
 /// prefix_ident is used for the prefix struct to be given to storage as first generic param.
-fn prefix_ident(storage_ident: &syn::Ident) -> syn::Ident {
+fn prefix_ident(storage: &StorageDef) -> syn::Ident {
+	let storage_ident = &storage.ident;
 	syn::Ident::new(&format!("_GeneratedPrefixForStorage{}", storage_ident), storage_ident.span())
 }
 
+/// Check for duplicated storage prefixes. This step is necessary since users can specify an
+/// alternative storage prefix using the #[pallet::storage_prefix] syntax, and we need to ensure
+/// that the prefix specified by the user is not a duplicate of an existing one.
+fn check_prefix_duplicates(
+	storage_def: &StorageDef,
+	set: &mut HashSet<String>,
+) -> syn::Result<()> {
+	let prefix = storage_def.prefix();
+
+	if !set.insert(prefix.clone()) {
+		let err = syn::Error::new(
+			storage_def.prefix_span(),
+			format!("Duplicate storage prefixes found for `{}`", prefix),
+		);
+		return Err(err);
+	}
+
+	Ok(())
+}
+
 /// * if generics are unnamed: replace the first generic `_` by the generated prefix structure
 /// * if generics are named: reorder the generic, remove their name, and add the missing ones.
 /// * Add `#[allow(type_alias_bounds)]`
-pub fn process_generics(def: &mut Def) {
+pub fn process_generics(def: &mut Def) -> syn::Result<()> {
 	let frame_support = &def.frame_support;
+	let mut prefix_set = HashSet::new();
+
 	for storage_def in def.storages.iter_mut() {
+		check_prefix_duplicates(storage_def, &mut prefix_set)?;
+
 		let item = &mut def.item.content.as_mut().expect("Checked by def").1[storage_def.index];
 
 		let typ_item = match item {
@@ -50,7 +76,7 @@ pub fn process_generics(def: &mut Def) {
 			_ => unreachable!("Checked by def"),
 		};
 
-		let prefix_ident = prefix_ident(&storage_def.ident);
+		let prefix_ident = prefix_ident(&storage_def);
 		let type_use_gen = if def.config.has_instance {
 			quote::quote_spanned!(storage_def.attr_span => T, I)
 		} else {
@@ -116,6 +142,8 @@ pub fn process_generics(def: &mut Def) {
 			args.args[0] = syn::parse_quote!( #prefix_ident<#type_use_gen> );
 		}
 	}
+
+	Ok(())
 }
 
 /// * generate StoragePrefix structs (e.g. for a storage `MyStorage` a struct with the name
@@ -125,7 +153,9 @@ pub fn process_generics(def: &mut Def) {
 /// * Add `#[allow(type_alias_bounds)]` on storages type alias
 /// * generate metadatas
 pub fn expand_storages(def: &mut Def) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
-	process_generics(def);
+	if let Err(e) = process_generics(def) {
+		return e.into_compile_error().into();
+	}
 
 	let frame_support = &def.frame_support;
 	let frame_system = &def.frame_system;
@@ -344,9 +374,9 @@ pub fn expand_storages(def: &mut Def) -> proc_macro2::TokenStream {
 	let prefix_structs = def.storages.iter().map(|storage_def| {
 		let type_impl_gen = &def.type_impl_generics(storage_def.attr_span);
 		let type_use_gen = &def.type_use_generics(storage_def.attr_span);
-		let prefix_struct_ident = prefix_ident(&storage_def.ident);
+		let prefix_struct_ident = prefix_ident(&storage_def);
 		let prefix_struct_vis = &storage_def.vis;
-		let prefix_struct_const = storage_def.ident.to_string();
+		let prefix_struct_const = storage_def.prefix();
 		let config_where_clause = &def.config.where_clause;
 
 		let cfg_attrs = &storage_def.cfg_attrs;

frame/support/procedural/src/pallet/parse/storage.rs

@@ -25,28 +25,60 @@ mod keyword {
 	syn::custom_keyword!(Error);
 	syn::custom_keyword!(pallet);
 	syn::custom_keyword!(getter);
+	syn::custom_keyword!(storage_prefix);
 	syn::custom_keyword!(OptionQuery);
 	syn::custom_keyword!(ValueQuery);
 }
 
-/// Parse for `#[pallet::getter(fn dummy)]`
-pub struct PalletStorageAttr {
-	getter: syn::Ident,
+/// Parse for one of the following:
+/// * `#[pallet::getter(fn dummy)]`
+/// * `#[pallet::storage_prefix = "CustomName"]`
+pub enum PalletStorageAttr {
+	Getter(syn::Ident, proc_macro2::Span),
+	StorageName(syn::LitStr, proc_macro2::Span),
+}
+
+impl PalletStorageAttr {
+	fn attr_span(&self) -> proc_macro2::Span {
+		match self {
+			Self::Getter(_, span) | Self::StorageName(_, span) => *span,
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 impl syn::parse::Parse for PalletStorageAttr {
 	fn parse(input: syn::parse::ParseStream) -> syn::Result<Self> {
 		input.parse::<syn::Token![#]>()?;
+		let attr_span = input.span();
 		let content;
 		syn::bracketed!(content in input);
 		content.parse::<keyword::pallet>()?;
 		content.parse::<syn::Token![::]>()?;
-		content.parse::<keyword::getter>()?;
 
-		let generate_content;
-		syn::parenthesized!(generate_content in content);
-		generate_content.parse::<syn::Token![fn]>()?;
-		Ok(Self { getter: generate_content.parse::<syn::Ident>()? })
+		let lookahead = content.lookahead1();
+		if lookahead.peek(keyword::getter) {
+			content.parse::<keyword::getter>()?;
+
+			let generate_content;
+			syn::parenthesized!(generate_content in content);
+			generate_content.parse::<syn::Token![fn]>()?;
+			Ok(Self::Getter(generate_content.parse::<syn::Ident>()?, attr_span))
+		} else if lookahead.peek(keyword::storage_prefix) {
+			content.parse::<keyword::storage_prefix>()?;
+			content.parse::<syn::Token![=]>()?;
+
+			let renamed_prefix = content.parse::<syn::LitStr>()?;
+			// Ensure the renamed prefix is a proper Rust identifier
+			syn::parse_str::<syn::Ident>(&renamed_prefix.value())
+				.map_err(|_| {
+					let msg = format!("`{}` is not a valid identifier", renamed_prefix.value());
+					syn::Error::new(renamed_prefix.span(), msg)
+				})?;
+
+			Ok(Self::StorageName(renamed_prefix, attr_span))
+		} else {
+			Err(lookahead.error())
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -89,6 +121,8 @@ pub struct StorageDef {
 	pub instances: Vec<helper::InstanceUsage>,
 	/// Optional getter to generate. If some then query_kind is ensured to be some as well.
 	pub getter: Option<syn::Ident>,
+	/// Optional expression that evaluates to a type that can be used as StoragePrefix instead of ident.
+	pub rename_as: Option<syn::LitStr>,
 	/// Whereas the querytype of the storage is OptionQuery or ValueQuery.
 	/// Note that this is best effort as it can't be determined when QueryKind is generic, and
 	/// result can be false if user do some unexpected type alias.
@@ -105,7 +139,6 @@ pub struct StorageDef {
 	pub named_generics: Option<StorageGenerics>,
 }
 
-
 /// The parsed generic from the
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub enum StorageGenerics {
@@ -541,6 +574,25 @@ fn extract_key(ty: &syn::Type) -> syn::Result<syn::Type> {
 }
 
 impl StorageDef {
+	/// Return the storage prefix for this storage item
+	pub fn prefix(&self) -> String {
+		self
+			.rename_as
+			.as_ref()
+			.map(syn::LitStr::value)
+			.unwrap_or(self.ident.to_string())
+	}
+
+	/// Return either the span of the ident or the span of the literal in the
+	/// #[storage_prefix] attribute
+	pub fn prefix_span(&self) -> proc_macro2::Span {
+		self
+			.rename_as
+			.as_ref()
+			.map(syn::LitStr::span)
+			.unwrap_or(self.ident.span())
+	}
+
 	pub fn try_from(
 		attr_span: proc_macro2::Span,
 		index: usize,
@@ -552,12 +604,30 @@ impl StorageDef {
 			return Err(syn::Error::new(item.span(), "Invalid pallet::storage, expect item type."));
 		};
 
-		let mut attrs: Vec<PalletStorageAttr> = helper::take_item_pallet_attrs(&mut item.attrs)?;
-		if attrs.len() > 1 {
+		let attrs: Vec<PalletStorageAttr> = helper::take_item_pallet_attrs(&mut item.attrs)?;
+		let (mut getters, mut names) = attrs
+			.into_iter()
+			.partition::<Vec<_>, _>(|attr| matches!(attr, PalletStorageAttr::Getter(..)));
+		if getters.len() > 1 {
 			let msg = "Invalid pallet::storage, multiple argument pallet::getter found";
-			return Err(syn::Error::new(attrs[1].getter.span(), msg));
+			return Err(syn::Error::new(getters[1].attr_span(), msg));
 		}
-		let getter = attrs.pop().map(|attr| attr.getter);
+		if names.len() > 1 {
+			let msg = "Invalid pallet::storage, multiple argument pallet::storage_prefix found";
+			return Err(syn::Error::new(names[1].attr_span(), msg));
+		}
+		let getter = getters.pop().map(|attr| {
+			match attr {
+				PalletStorageAttr::Getter(ident, _) => ident,
+				_ => unreachable!(),
+			}
+		});
+		let rename_as = names.pop().map(|attr| {
+			match attr {
+				PalletStorageAttr::StorageName(lit, _) => lit,
+				_ => unreachable!(),
+			}
+		});
 
 		let cfg_attrs = helper::get_item_cfg_attrs(&item.attrs);
 
@@ -609,6 +679,7 @@ impl StorageDef {
 			metadata,
 			docs,
 			getter,
+			rename_as,
 			query_kind,
 			where_clause,
 			cfg_attrs,

frame/support/test/tests/pallet.rs

@@ -198,6 +198,10 @@ pub mod pallet {
 	#[pallet::storage]
 	pub type Value<T> = StorageValue<Value = u32>;
 
+	#[pallet::storage]
+	#[pallet::storage_prefix = "Value2"]
+	pub type RenamedValue<T> = StorageValue<Value = u64>;
+
 	#[pallet::type_value]
 	pub fn MyDefault<T: Config>() -> u16
 	where T::AccountId: From<SomeType7> + From<SomeType1> + SomeAssociation1
@@ -577,6 +581,10 @@ fn storage_expand() {
 		let k = [twox_128(b"Example"), twox_128(b"Value")].concat();
 		assert_eq!(unhashed::get::<u32>(&k), Some(1u32));
 
+		pallet::RenamedValue::<Runtime>::put(2);
+		let k = [twox_128(b"Example"), twox_128(b"Value2")].concat();
+		assert_eq!(unhashed::get::<u64>(&k), Some(2));
+
 		pallet::Map::<Runtime>::insert(1, 2);
 		let mut k = [twox_128(b"Example"), twox_128(b"Map")].concat();
 		k.extend(1u8.using_encoded(blake2_128_concat));
@@ -697,6 +705,13 @@ fn metadata() {
 					default: DecodeDifferent::Decoded(vec![0]),
 					documentation: DecodeDifferent::Decoded(vec![]),
 				},
+				StorageEntryMetadata {
+					name: DecodeDifferent::Decoded("Value2".to_string()),
+					modifier: StorageEntryModifier::Optional,
+					ty: StorageEntryType::Plain(DecodeDifferent::Decoded("u64".to_string())),
+					default: DecodeDifferent::Decoded(vec![0]),
+					documentation: DecodeDifferent::Decoded(vec![]),
+				},
 				StorageEntryMetadata {
 					name: DecodeDifferent::Decoded("Map".to_string()),
 					modifier: StorageEntryModifier::Default,
@@ -993,6 +1008,11 @@ fn test_storage_info() {
 				max_values: Some(1),
 				max_size: Some(4),
 			},
+			StorageInfo {
+				prefix: prefix(b"Example", b"Value2"),
+				max_values: Some(1),
+				max_size: Some(8),
+			},
 			StorageInfo {
 				prefix: prefix(b"Example", b"Map"),
 				max_values: None,

frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/duplicate_storage_prefix.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+mod pallet {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::StorageValue;
+
+	#[pallet::config]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {}
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	#[pallet::generate_store(trait Store)]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(core::marker::PhantomData<T>);
+
+	#[pallet::storage]
+	type Foo<T> = StorageValue<_, u8>;
+
+    #[pallet::storage]
+    #[pallet::storage_prefix = "Foo"]
+    type NotFoo<T> = StorageValue<_, u16>;
+}
+
+fn main() {
+}

frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/duplicate_storage_prefix.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+error: Duplicate storage prefixes found for `Foo`
+  --> $DIR/duplicate_storage_prefix.rs:16:32
+   |
+16 |     #[pallet::storage_prefix = "Foo"]
+   |                                ^^^^^
+
+error[E0412]: cannot find type `_GeneratedPrefixForStorageFoo` in this scope
+  --> $DIR/duplicate_storage_prefix.rs:13:7
+   |
+13 |     type Foo<T> = StorageValue<_, u8>;
+   |          ^^^ not found in this scope
+
+error[E0121]: the type placeholder `_` is not allowed within types on item signatures
+  --> $DIR/duplicate_storage_prefix.rs:17:35
+   |
+17 |     type NotFoo<T> = StorageValue<_, u16>;
+   |                                   ^ not allowed in type signatures

frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_invalid_attribute.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+mod pallet {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::Hooks;
+	use frame_system::pallet_prelude::BlockNumberFor;
+
+	#[pallet::config]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {}
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
+
+	#[pallet::call]
+	impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {}
+
+	#[pallet::storage]
+	#[pallet::generate_store(pub trait Store)]
+	type Foo<T> = StorageValue<u8, u8>;
+}
+
+fn main() {
+}

frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_invalid_attribute.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+error: expected `getter` or `storage_prefix`
+  --> $DIR/storage_invalid_attribute.rs:16:12
+   |
+16 |     #[pallet::generate_store(pub trait Store)]
+   |               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_invalid_rename_value.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#[frame_support::pallet]
+mod pallet {
+	use frame_support::pallet_prelude::Hooks;
+	use frame_system::pallet_prelude::BlockNumberFor;
+
+	#[pallet::config]
+	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {}
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(core::marker::PhantomData<T>);
+
+	#[pallet::storage]
+	#[pallet::storage_prefix = "pub"]
+	type Foo<T> = StorageValue<_, u8>;
+}
+
+fn main() {
+}

frame/support/test/tests/pallet_ui/storage_invalid_rename_value.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+error: `pub` is not a valid identifier
+  --> $DIR/storage_invalid_rename_value.rs:13:29
+   |
+13 |     #[pallet::storage_prefix = "pub"]
+   |                                ^^^^^