Update compats and github workflows

[Sbozzolo]

Closes #1849, #1734, #1717, #1705, #1706

[charleskawczynski]

I support the compat/GHA related changes, but I'm a bit hesitant on the @static pkgversion(ClimaComms) >= v"0.6" && additions. I left a more detailed message about that. I'd prefer we remove them, but please have a look at the more detailed message.

[Sbozzolo]

I support the compat/GHA related changes, but I'm a bit hesitant on the @static pkgversion(ClimaComms) >= v"0.6" && additions. I left a more detailed message about that. I'd prefer we remove them, but please have a look at the more detailed message.

Yes, I think we are over the update to 0.6, so I don't have problems with just bumping the compat.

[Sbozzolo]

https://buildkite.com/clima/climacore-ci/builds/3953#01906f2f-ff58-4d80-80d1-7c4b5e2d4403

Number of JET failures: Test Failed at /central/scratch/esm/slurm-buildkite/climacore-ci/3953/climacore-ci/test/Spaces/opt_spaces.jl:19
  Expression: n_found ≤ n_allowed
   Evaluated: 295 ≤ 287

For test_n_failures(287, TU.SpectralElementSpace2D, context)

I am thinking that the only possible explanation is that now we use a newer version of BlockArrays?

[charleskawczynski]

https://buildkite.com/clima/climacore-ci/builds/3953#01906f2f-ff58-4d80-80d1-7c4b5e2d4403

Number of JET failures: Test Failed at /central/scratch/esm/slurm-buildkite/climacore-ci/3953/climacore-ci/test/Spaces/opt_spaces.jl:19
  Expression: n_found ≤ n_allowed
   Evaluated: 295 ≤ 287

For test_n_failures(287, TU.SpectralElementSpace2D, context)

I am thinking that the only possible explanation is that now we use a newer version of BlockArrays?

Yeah, let's just bump the limit and upgrade our dependencies. The type instability from get!(Cache.OBJECT_CACHE) complicates how many inference failures are reported, so it's possible that upgrading is not even an issue.