Update fmtlib version to 9.1.0

[canhld94]

Changelog category (leave one):

• Not for changelog (changelog entry is not required)

Changelog entry (a user-readable short description of the changes that goes to CHANGELOG.md):

• Update fmtlib version to 9.1.0

Primary motivation is to add Ceph as submodule (#62821), but I think it's nice to have in general (e.g. fmt::ostream_formatter).

Documentation entry for user-facing changes

• Documentation is written (mandatory for new features)

Information about CI checks: https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/development/continuous-integration/

CI Settings (Only check the boxes if you know what you are doing):

• Allow: All Required Checks
• Allow: Stateless tests
• Allow: Stateful tests
• Allow: Integration Tests
• Allow: Performance tests
• Allow: All NOT Required Checks
• Allow: batch 1, 2 for multi-batch jobs
• Allow: batch 3, 4, 5, 6 for multi-batch jobs

---

• Exclude: Style check
• Exclude: Fast test
• Exclude: Integration Tests
• Exclude: Stateless tests
• Exclude: Stateful tests
• Exclude: Performance tests
• Exclude: All with ASAN
• Exclude: All with Aarch64
• Exclude: All with TSAN, MSAN, UBSAN, Coverage

---

• Do not test
• Upload binaries for special builds
• Disable merge-commit
• Disable CI cache

[Algunenano]

Please do not skip tests when you are doing global changes

[robot-clickhouse]

This is an automated comment for commit 857a412 with description of existing statuses. It's updated for the latest CI running

❌ Click here to open a full report in a separate page

Check name	Description	Status
Stateless tests	Runs stateless functional tests for ClickHouse binaries built in various configurations -- release, debug, with sanitizers, etc	❌ failure

Successful checks

Check name	Description	Status
A Sync	If it fails, ask a maintainer for help	✅ success
AST fuzzer	Runs randomly generated queries to catch program errors. The build type is optionally given in parenthesis. If it fails, ask a maintainer for help	✅ success
CI running	A meta-check that indicates the running CI. Normally, it's in success or pending state. The failed status indicates some problems with the PR	✅ success
ClickBench	Runs [ClickBench](https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickBench/) with instant-attach table	✅ success
ClickHouse build check	Builds ClickHouse in various configurations for use in further steps. You have to fix the builds that fail. Build logs often has enough information to fix the error, but you might have to reproduce the failure locally. The cmake options can be found in the build log, grepping for cmake. Use these options and follow the general build process	✅ success
Compatibility check	Checks that clickhouse binary runs on distributions with old libc versions. If it fails, ask a maintainer for help	✅ success
Docker keeper image	The check to build and optionally push the mentioned image to docker hub	✅ success
Docker server image	The check to build and optionally push the mentioned image to docker hub	✅ success
Docs check	Builds and tests the documentation	✅ success
Fast test	Normally this is the first check that is ran for a PR. It builds ClickHouse and runs most of stateless functional tests, omitting some. If it fails, further checks are not started until it is fixed. Look at the report to see which tests fail, then reproduce the failure locally as described here	✅ success
Flaky tests	Checks if new added or modified tests are flaky by running them repeatedly, in parallel, with more randomization. Functional tests are run 100 times with address sanitizer, and additional randomization of thread scheduling. Integration tests are run up to 10 times. If at least once a new test has failed, or was too long, this check will be red. We don't allow flaky tests, read the doc	✅ success
Install packages	Checks that the built packages are installable in a clear environment	✅ success
Integration tests	The integration tests report. In parenthesis the package type is given, and in square brackets are the optional part/total tests	✅ success
Mergeable Check	Checks if all other necessary checks are successful	✅ success
PR Check	Checks correctness of the PR's body	✅ success
Performance Comparison	Measure changes in query performance. The performance test report is described in detail here. In square brackets are the optional part/total tests	✅ success
Stateful tests	Runs stateful functional tests for ClickHouse binaries built in various configurations -- release, debug, with sanitizers, etc	✅ success
Stress test	Runs stateless functional tests concurrently from several clients to detect concurrency-related errors	✅ success
Style check	Runs a set of checks to keep the code style clean. If some of tests failed, see the related log from the report	✅ success
Unit tests	Runs the unit tests for different release types	✅ success
Upgrade check	Runs stress tests on server version from last release and then tries to upgrade it to the version from the PR. It checks if the new server can successfully startup without any errors, crashes or sanitizer asserts	✅ success

[Algunenano]

Is there any reason why you decided to update to 9.1 and not the latest (10.2)?

[canhld94]

Is there any reason why you decided to update to 9.1 and not the latest (10.2)?

@Algunenano I tried 10.2 first, but then found that there's too many compile errors. The main reason is fmt has a break chance since v10.0:

Removed deprecated implicit conversions for enums and conversions to primitive types for compatibility with std::format and to prevent potential ODR violations

We need to figure out where are implicit conversions in ClickHouse and fix it. Let see if I can do it quick.

[canhld94]

@Algunenano done for almost types, except the new Int8. I think it could be a bug in the new fmtv10:

• v9: good https://godbolt.org/z/e5rzjxbEb
• v10: compile error https://godbolt.org/z/fEdsc75rb
  I created an issue in fmt upstream (Error when formatting _BitInt fmtlib/fmt#4007). I think that the issue could be having () in type definition. In the mean time, do you have any idea for work around this? Since you added this type before and have some work on its formatter.

[Algunenano]

I think that the issue could be having () in type definition. In the mean time, do you have any idea for work around this? Since you added this type before and have some work on its formatter.

The only workaround I could find is an ugly rewrite of fmt::detail::arg_mapper via partial specialization and adding a method for Int8: This ugly hack

Not sure if there are better options.