feat: recover file cache index asynchronously

[WenyXu]

I hereby agree to the terms of the GreptimeDB CLA.

Refer to a related PR or issue link (optional)

What's changed and what's your intention?

Recovering the cache index synchronously for a large number of files (potentially in the hundreds of thousands) can be highly time-consuming (e.g., ~10 seconds). This PR addresses the issue by making the cache index recovery process asynchronous, significantly reducing the startup time of the datanode.

Checklist

• I have written the necessary rustdoc comments.
• I have added the necessary unit tests and integration tests.
• This PR requires documentation updates.

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 80.00000% with 8 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 83.80%. Comparing base (5bdea1a) to head (8c339f4).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #5087      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   84.04%   83.80%   -0.24%     
==========================================
  Files        1157     1157              
  Lines      216477   216506      +29     
==========================================
- Hits       181944   181449     -495     
- Misses      34533    35057     +524