feat: Implement table_info() for DistTable (#536)

[MichaelScofield]

I hereby agree to the terms of the GreptimeDB CLA

What's changed and what's your intention?

close #536

Please explain IN DETAIL what the changes are in this PR and why they are needed:

• Summarize your change (mandatory)

Implement table_info() for DistTable. Originally unimplemented!().

• How does this PR work? Need a brief introduction for the changed logic (optional)

Store TableInfo in TableGlobalValue, which is later stored in Meta for retrieval.

Checklist

• I have written the necessary rustdoc comments.
• I have added the necessary unit tests and integration tests.

Refer to a related PR or issue link (optional)

#536

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #557 (07cbd78) into develop (8faa6b0) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 68.93%.

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           develop     #557   +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage    86.38%   86.39%           
========================================
  Files          398      398           
  Lines        50042    50116   +74     
========================================
+ Hits         43229    43297   +68     
- Misses        6813     6819    +6     

Flag	Coverage Δ
rust	86.39% <68.93%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/catalog/src/error.rs	84.21% <0.00%> (ø)
src/catalog/src/remote/manager.rs	70.51% <0.00%> (-0.24%)	⬇️
src/frontend/src/catalog.rs	6.86% <0.00%> (+0.03%)	⬆️
src/frontend/src/table.rs	91.72% <73.58%> (-1.07%)	⬇️
src/common/catalog/src/helper.rs	85.78% <100.00%> (+1.17%)	⬆️
src/frontend/src/instance/distributed.rs	84.49% <100.00%> (+0.58%)	⬆️
src/meta-srv/src/service/router.rs	91.62% <100.00%> (-0.05%)	⬇️
src/servers/src/mysql/writer.rs	75.21% <0.00%> (ø)
src/servers/src/opentsdb/handler.rs	94.89% <0.00%> (+1.02%)	⬆️
src/servers/src/opentsdb.rs	98.41% <0.00%> (+1.58%)	⬆️
... and 1 more

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[v0y4g3r]

LGTM

[evenyag]

LGTM