Initialize ch3

.github/workflows/build.yml

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+name: Jobs
+
+on: [push]
+
+env:
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+  rust_toolchain: nightly
+
+jobs:
+  build-doc:
+    if: github.repository == 'LearningOS/rCore-Tutorial-Code-2024S'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Build doc
+        run: |
+          git clone https://github.com/LearningOS/rCore-Tutorial-Test-2024S.git user
+          cd os
+          make
+          cargo doc --no-deps --verbose
+      - name: Push to gh-pages
+        uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3
+        with:
+          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          publish_dir: ./os/target/riscv64gc-unknown-none-elf/doc
+          destination_dir: ${{ github.ref_name }}
+  basic-test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      points: ${{ steps.end.outputs.points}}
+    container:
+      image: duskmoon/dev-env:rcore-ci
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: |
+          qemu-system-riscv64 --version
+          rustup target add riscv64gc-unknown-none-elf
+          git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/${{ github.event.repository.name }}/${{ github.event.repository.name }}
+          git clone https://github.com/LearningOS/rCore-Tutorial-Checker-2024S.git ci-user
+          git clone https://github.com/LearningOS/rCore-Tutorial-Test-2024S.git ci-user/user
+          ID=`git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD | grep -oP 'ch\K[0-9]'`
+          # cd ci-user && make test CHAPTER=$ID passwd=${{ secrets.BASE_TEST_TOKEN }}
+          cd ci-user && make test CHAPTER=$ID passwd=${{ secrets.BASE_TEST_TOKEN }} > ../output.txt
+          cat ../output.txt
+      - name: end
+        id: end
+        run: |
+          cat output.txt | grep -a "Test passed" | grep -oP "\d{1,}/\d{1,}" | xargs -i echo "points={}"
+          cat output.txt | grep -a "Test passed" | grep -oP "\d{1,}/\d{1,}" | xargs -i echo "points={}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+  gitlab-mirror:
+    if: github.repository == 'LearningOS/rCore-Tutorial-Code-2024S'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - name: Mirror + trigger CI
+      uses: tkf2019/gitlab-mirror-and-ci-action@master
+      with:
+        args: "https://git.tsinghua.edu.cn/os-lab/2024s/public/rcore-tutorial-code-2024s"
+      env:
+        GITLAB_HOSTNAME: "git.tsinghua.edu.cn"
+        GITLAB_PROJECT_ID: "29091"
+        GITLAB_PROJECT_NAME: "rcore-tutorial-code-2024s"
+        GITLAB_PROJECT_TOKEN: ${{secrets.GITLAB_PROJECT_TOKEN}}
+        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN}}
+  deploy:
+    if: github.repository != 'LearningOS/rCore-Tutorial-Code-2024S'
+    name: Deploy to pages
+    needs: basic-test
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions: write-all
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          ref: 'gh-pages'
+      - name: Save Log File
+        uses: yfblock/multi-rank-log@main
+        with:
+          public-dir: classroom
+          points: ${{ needs.basic-test.outputs.points }}
+      - name: GitHub Pages
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-github-pages@v3
+        with:
+          target_branch: gh-pages
+          build_dir: ./classroom
+          keep_history: true
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.gitignore

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+.*/*
+!.github/*
+!.vscode/settings.json
+.idea
+Cargo.lock
+target
+os/src/link_app.S
+os/last-*
+os/Cargo.lock
+os/.gdb_history
+easy-fs/Cargo.lock
+easy-fs/target/*
+easy-fs-fuse/Cargo.lock
+easy-fs-fuse/target/*
+tools/
+pushall.sh
+*.bak
+
+user/*

.gitlab-ci.yml

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+default:
+  image: tkf2023/env:rcore-ci
+
+stages:
+  - test
+
+test-code-job:
+  stage: test
+  script:
+    - git clone https://token:${RCORE_CHECKER_REPO_READ_TOKEN_2024S}@git.tsinghua.edu.cn/os-lab/2024s/ta/rcore-tutorial-checker-2024s.git ci-user
+    - git clone https://token:${RCORE_TEST_REPO_READ_TOKEN_2024S}@git.tsinghua.edu.cn/os-lab/2024s/public/rcore-tutorial-test-2024s.git ci-user/user
+    - cd ci-user && make test CHAPTER=`echo $CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME | grep -oP 'ch\K[0-9]'` passwd=$BASE_TEST_TOKEN OFFLINE=1

.vscode/settings.json

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+{
+    // Prevent "can't find crate for `test`" error on no_std
+    // Ref: https://github.com/rust-lang/vscode-rust/issues/729
+    // For vscode-rust plugin users:
+    "rust.target": "riscv64gc-unknown-none-elf",
+    "rust.all_targets": false,
+    // For Rust Analyzer plugin users:
+    "rust-analyzer.cargo.target": "riscv64gc-unknown-none-elf",
+    "rust-analyzer.checkOnSave.allTargets": false,
+    // "rust-analyzer.cargo.features": [
+    //     "board_qemu"
+    // ]
+}

Dockerfile

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+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
+# This Dockerfile is adapted from https://github.com/LearningOS/rCore-Tutorial-v3/blob/main/Dockerfile
+# with the following major updates:
+# - ubuntu 18.04 -> 20.04
+# - qemu 5.0.0 -> 7.0.0
+# - Extensive comments linking to relevant documentation
+FROM ubuntu:20.04
+
+ARG QEMU_VERSION=7.0.0
+ARG HOME=/root
+
+# 0. Install general tools
+ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y \
+        curl \
+        git \
+        python3 \
+        wget
+
+# 1. Set up QEMU RISC-V
+# - https://learningos.github.io/rust-based-os-comp2022/0setup-devel-env.html#qemu
+# - https://www.qemu.org/download/
+# - https://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/Platforms/RISCV
+# - https://risc-v-getting-started-guide.readthedocs.io/en/latest/linux-qemu.html
+
+# 1.1. Download source
+WORKDIR ${HOME}
+RUN wget https://download.qemu.org/qemu-${QEMU_VERSION}.tar.xz && \
+    tar xvJf qemu-${QEMU_VERSION}.tar.xz
+
+# 1.2. Install dependencies
+# - https://risc-v-getting-started-guide.readthedocs.io/en/latest/linux-qemu.html#prerequisites
+RUN apt-get install -y \
+        autoconf automake autotools-dev curl libmpc-dev libmpfr-dev libgmp-dev \
+        gawk build-essential bison flex texinfo gperf libtool patchutils bc \
+        zlib1g-dev libexpat-dev git \
+        ninja-build pkg-config libglib2.0-dev libpixman-1-dev libsdl2-dev
+
+# 1.3. Build and install from source
+WORKDIR ${HOME}/qemu-${QEMU_VERSION}
+RUN ./configure --target-list=riscv64-softmmu,riscv64-linux-user && \
+    make -j$(nproc) && \
+    make install
+
+# 1.4. Clean up
+WORKDIR ${HOME}
+RUN rm -rf qemu-${QEMU_VERSION} qemu-${QEMU_VERSION}.tar.xz
+
+# 1.5. Sanity checking
+RUN qemu-system-riscv64 --version && \
+    qemu-riscv64 --version
+
+# 2. Set up Rust
+# - https://learningos.github.io/rust-based-os-comp2022/0setup-devel-env.html#qemu
+# - https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install
+# - https://github.com/rust-lang/docker-rust/blob/master/Dockerfile-debian.template
+
+# 2.1. Install
+ENV RUSTUP_HOME=/usr/local/rustup \
+    CARGO_HOME=/usr/local/cargo \
+    PATH=/usr/local/cargo/bin:$PATH \
+    RUST_VERSION=nightly
+RUN set -eux; \
+    curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs -o rustup-init; \
+    chmod +x rustup-init; \
+    ./rustup-init -y --no-modify-path --profile minimal --default-toolchain $RUST_VERSION; \
+    rm rustup-init; \
+    chmod -R a+w $RUSTUP_HOME $CARGO_HOME;
+
+# 2.2. Sanity checking
+RUN rustup --version && \
+    cargo --version && \
+    rustc --version
+
+# 2.3 Env
+RUN cargo install cargo-binutils; \
+    rustup target add riscv64gc-unknown-none-elf; \
+	rustup component add rust-src; \
+	rustup component add llvm-tools-preview; \
+	rustup component add rustfmt; \
+	rustup component add clippy;
+
+# 3. Cargo vendor
+WORKDIR ${HOME}
+COPY os/vendor ./os-vendor
+COPY user/vendor ./user-vendor
+
+# Ready to go
+WORKDIR ${HOME}