ci: update codeql to handle multiple OSes

[ReenigneArcher]

Description

Updates codeql to run in a matrix for cpp analysis. This is required in order to analyze any code that is os specific.

See: LizardByte/.github#322

Screenshot

Issues Fixed or Closed

Type of Change

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Dependency update (updates to dependencies)
• Documentation update (changes to documentation)
• Repository update (changes to repository files, e.g. .github/...)

Checklist

• My code follows the style guidelines of this project
• I have performed a self-review of my own code
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have added or updated the in code docstring/documentation-blocks for new or existing methods/components

Branch Updates

LizardByte requires that branches be up-to-date before merging. This means that after any PR is merged, this branch
must be updated before it can be merged. You must also
Allow edits from maintainers.

• I want maintainers to keep my branch updated

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 6.77%. Comparing base (76d08eb) to head (1c45318).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           nightly   #2425   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage     6.77%   6.77%           
=======================================
  Files           86      86           
  Lines        17523   17523           
  Branches      8088    8091    +3     
=======================================
  Hits          1187    1187           
+ Misses       14664   14662    -2     
- Partials      1672    1674    +2     

Flag	Coverage Δ
Linux	5.75% <ø> (ø)
Windows	2.04% <ø> (ø)
macOS-12	8.57% <ø> (-0.02%)	⬇️
macOS-13	?
macOS-14	8.11% <ø> (ø)

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see 4 files with indirect coverage changes