Create akchilov2.cpp

src/群友提交/第10题/akchilov2.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+#include<type_traits>
+#include<iostream>
+#include<array>
+#include<numeric>
+#include<tuple>
+
+//需要C++20以上
+//msvc下可以编译
+//这个程序的原理是用std::is_constructible猜测类的成员类型
+//然后使用偏移量来访问类的数据成员
+namespace my_utilities
+{
+    struct inits
+    {
+        template<class T> operator T();
+    };
+
+    //这个类型用来试探某种类型是不是类的第N个成员类型
+    //由于std::is_constructible隐式转换也会true，所以这里禁止隐式转换
+    //以求结果精确
+    template<class T> struct convert_forbid
+    {
+        using type = T;
+        template<
+            class U,
+            class En = std::enable_if_t<std::is_same_v<T, U>>
+        > operator U();
+    };
+    //计算成员数量
+    template<bool, class T, class construct_list, size_t cnt> struct count_size
+    {
+        static constexpr size_t value = cnt;
+    };
+    template<class T, template<class ...> class construct_list, size_t cnt, class First, class ...rest>
+    struct count_size<false, T, construct_list<First, rest...>, cnt>
+    {
+        static constexpr size_t value =
+            count_size<
+            std::is_constructible_v<T, First, rest...>,
+            T,
+            construct_list<rest...>,
+            (std::is_constructible_v<T, First, rest...> ? cnt : cnt - 1)>
+            ::value;
+    };
+    //工具类，选择类型分支
+    //本来我想用type_traits里面的，不熟悉就没用
+    template<bool cond, class A, class B> struct select_impl
+    {
+        using type = A;
+    };
+
+    template<class A, class B> struct select_impl<false, A, B>
+    {
+        using type = B;
+    };
+    template<bool b, class A, class B> using select_branch = typename select_impl<b, A, B>::type;
+
+    template<class T, class TL> struct add_front {};
+    template<class T, template<class...> class TL, class...Args> struct add_front<T, TL<Args...>>
+    {
+        using type = TL<T, Args...>;
+    };
+
+    template<size_t N, class T, class TL> struct gen_list
+    {
+        using type = TL;
+    };
+
+    template<size_t N, template<class...> class TL, class T, class ...Args> struct gen_list<N, T, TL<Args...>>
+    {
+        using type = typename gen_list<N - 1, T, TL<Args..., T>>::type;
+    };
+
+    template<class T, class TL> struct gen_list<0, T, TL> { using type = TL; };
+
+    template<size_t N, class pre, class bck, class T> struct replace_at
+    {
+    };
+
+    template<size_t N, template<class...> class pre, template<class...> class bck, class RP, class bck_first, class ...preargs, class... bckargs>
+    struct replace_at<N, pre<preargs...>, bck<bck_first, bckargs...>, RP>
+    {
+        using type = typename replace_at<N - 1, pre<preargs..., bck_first>, bck<bckargs...>, RP>::type;
+    };
+
+    template<template<class...> class pre, template<class...> class bck, class RP, class bck_first, class ...preargs, class... bckargs>
+    struct replace_at<0, pre<preargs...>, bck<bck_first, bckargs...>, RP>
+    {
+        using type = pre<preargs..., RP, bckargs...>;
+    };
+
+    template<class TL, template<class...> class Name> struct as_ {};
+    template<template<class...>class TL, template<class...>class Name, class ...Args> struct as_<TL<Args...>, Name>
+    {
+        using type = Name<Args...>;
+    };
+    template<class ...> struct tl {};
+
+    //在列表种选择元素
+    //懒得写了，骗一下这个tuple_element_t
+    template<size_t N, class TL> struct select_element { using type = std::tuple_element_t<N, typename as_<TL, std::tuple>::type>; };
+
+}
+using namespace my_utilities;
+
+
+
+template<class T> constexpr size_t size()
+{
+    return count_size<false, std::decay_t<T>, tl<inits, inits, inits, inits, inits, inits, inits, inits, inits, inits>, 10>::value;
+}
+
+
+//工具类，测试T的N个成员是否为Mem_type
+template<size_t N, class T, class Mem_type> struct is_constructible_at
+{
+    using construct_list = typename gen_list<size<T>(), inits, tl<T>>::type;
+    using chk_constructible = typename replace_at<N + 1, tl<>, construct_list, convert_forbid<Mem_type>>::type;
+
+    using constructible_type = typename as_<chk_constructible, std::is_constructible>::type;
+    static constexpr bool value = constructible_type::value;
+
+};
+//工具类，用一个列表mem_type_list逐个测试is_constructilbe_at，得到T的第N个成员的类型
+template<bool constructible_, size_t N, class T, class mem_type_list> struct constructible_at_try {};
+template<bool constructible_, size_t N, class T, template<class...> class mem_type_list, class first, class ...Args>
+struct constructible_at_try<constructible_, N, T, mem_type_list<first, Args...>>
+{
+    static constexpr bool cstible = is_constructible_at<N, T, first>::value;
+    using type = typename constructible_at_try<cstible,
+        N,
+        T,
+        select_branch<cstible, mem_type_list<first, Args...>, mem_type_list<Args...>
+        >
+    >::type;
+};
+
+template<size_t N, class T, template<class...> class mem_type_list, class first, class ...Args> struct constructible_at_try<true, N, T, mem_type_list<first, Args...>>
+{
+    using type = first;
+};
+//工具类，生成成员列表
+template<size_t N, class T, class TL, class saved> struct make_construct_list
+{};
+
+template<size_t N, class T, template<class...> class saved, class TL, class ...Args> struct make_construct_list<N, T, TL, saved<Args...>>
+{
+    using current_type = typename constructible_at_try<false, N, T, TL>::type;
+    using type = typename make_construct_list<N - 1, T, TL, saved<current_type, Args...>>::type;
+};
+
+template<class T, class TL, class saved> struct make_construct_list<0, T, TL, saved>
+{
+    using current_type = typename constructible_at_try<false, 0, T, TL>::type;
+    using type = typename add_front<current_type, saved>::type;
+};
+//计算偏移
+template<size_t pack_size, template<class...> class TL, class ...Typs> constexpr auto make_offset_list(TL<Typs...>)
+{
+    return std::array{ (sizeof(Typs) % pack_size ? sizeof(Typs) / pack_size * pack_size + pack_size : sizeof(Typs))... };
+}
+
+
+template<size_t pack_size, class T, class possibilities> class offset_pointer
+{
+    using construct_list = make_construct_list<size<T>() - 1, T, possibilities, tl<>>::type;
+public:
+    offset_pointer(T a) noexcept : baseptr(reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(&a)) {}
+    template<size_t I> typename select_element<I, construct_list>::type get() const
+    {
+        if constexpr (I == 0) {
+            return *(reinterpret_cast<std::add_pointer_t<typename select_element<0, construct_list>::type>>(baseptr));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            return *(
+                reinterpret_cast<std::add_pointer_t<typename select_element<I, construct_list>::type>>(
+                    baseptr + std::accumulate(member_offset.begin() + 1, member_offset.begin() + 1 + I, 0)
+                    )
+                );
+        }
+    }
+private:
+    unsigned char* baseptr;
+    std::array<size_t, size<T>()>
+        member_offset{
+        make_offset_list<pack_size>(make_construct_list<size<T>() - 1, T, possibilities, tl<>>::type())
+    };
+};
+
+//理论上可以算内存对齐，但是已经太长了，不想写那个了
+template<class T, class F, size_t ...I> void for_each_member_impl(T&& t, F&& f, std::index_sequence<I...>)
+{
+    //有点上帝视角了，因为已经看到了所有的数据类型
+    using possible_types = tl<int, std::string, double>;
+    offset_pointer<alignof(T), T, possible_types> op{ t };
+    (f(op.get<I>()), ...);
+}
+
+template<class T, class F> constexpr void for_each_member(T&& t, F&& f)
+{
+    for_each_member_impl(std::move(t), std::move(f), std::make_index_sequence<size<T>()>{});
+}
+
+int main() {
+    struct X { std::string s{ " " }; }x;
+    struct Y { double a{}, b{}, c{}, d{}; }y;
+    std::cout << size<X>() << '\n';
+    std::cout << size<Y>() << '\n';
+
+    auto print = [](const auto& member) {
+        std::cout << member << ' ';
+        };
+    for_each_member(x, print);
+    for_each_member(y, print);
+}