klox

A Kotlin implementation of the Lox language (mimics the Java implementation from "Crafting Interpreters").

The implementation follows the book by munificent.

To launch the interpreter or run a file, use ./klox [file] after building the jar target with Gradle.

Grammar

This is the grammar implemented in klox.

It's mostly the grammar as explained in the book, with some of the "challenges" implemented as well.

Both line (//) and multi-line (/* */) comments are supported (but not nested multi-line comments, at the moment).

program        -> declaration* EOF ;

declaration    -> classDecl | funDecl | varDecl | statement ;

classDecl      -> "class" IDENTIFIER ( "<" IDENTIFIER )? "{" function* "}" ;
funDecl        -> "fun" function ;
function       -> IDENTIFIER "(" parameters? ")" block ;
parameters     -> IDENTIFIER ( "," IDENTIFIER )* ;

varDecl        -> "var" IDENTIFIER ("=" expression)? ";" ;

statement      -> exprStmt | forStmt | ifStmt | returnStmt
                | whileStmt | block | break | continue ;
exprStmt       -> expression ";" ;
forStmt        -> "for" "(" ( varDecl | exprStmt | ";" ) expression? ";" expression? ")" statement ;
ifStmt         -> "if" "(" expression ")" statement ( "else" statement )? ;
returnStmt     -> "return" expression? ";" ;
whileStmt      -> "while" "(" expression ")" statement ;
block          -> "{" declaration* "}" ;
break          -> "break" ";" ;

expression     -> comma ;
comma          -> assignment ( "," assignment )* ;
arguments      -> assignment ( "," assignment )* ;
assignment     -> ( call "." )? IDENTIFIER ( "-" | "+" )? "=" assignment | conditional ;
conditional    -> logic_or ( "?" expression ":" conditional )? ;
logic_or       -> logic_and ( "or" logic_and )* ;
logic_and      -> equality ( "and" equality )* ;
equality       -> comparison ( ( "!=" | "==" ) comparison )* ;
comparison     -> addition ( ( ">" | ">=" | "<" | "<=" ) addition )* ;
addition       -> multiplication ( ( "-" | "+" ) multiplication )* ;
multiplication -> unary ( ( "/" | "*" ) unary )* ;
unary          -> ( "!" | "-" ) unary | call ;
call           -> primary ( "(" arguments? ")" | "." IDENTIFIER )* ;
primary        -> NUMBER | STRING | "false" | "true" | "nil"
                | "(" expression ")" | IDENTIFIER | funExpr
                | "super" "." IDENTIFIER
                // Erroneous grammar
                | ( "!=" | "==" ) equality
                | ( ">" | ">=" | "<" | "<=" ) comparison
                | "+" addition
                | ( "/" | "*" ) multiplication ;
funExpr        -> "fun" "(" parameters? ")" block ;

Built-ins

The implementation contains the built-in functions from the book, as well as some additional ones.

Some of these functions are inspired from their namesakes in the Lua language.

• print(value) - Prints value to stdout (originally a statement).
• clock() - Returns current time in seconds since the Unix epoch.
• read() - Reads one line from stdin and returns it.
• type(value) - Returns the type of value.
• tonumber(value) - Converts value to a number (or nil if conversion fails).
• tostring(value) - Returns the string representation of value.

License

Copyright (c) 2017 by Adam Hellberg.

This project is licensed under the MIT License, following the main repo licensing the code part under MIT.

See the file LICENSE for more information.