[TASK] Raise doctrine/dbal:^4.1

The Doctrine Team recently released minor version
release `4.1.0` including a couple of bugfixes,
internal changes and also new features [1].

The aforementioned internal changes introduces
breaking stuff within internal implementation,
for example the TYPO3 Database Analyzer stack
enforcing adoption [2][3][4]. Sadly, it's not
possible to provide backwards compatible code
and thus minimum version raise is "absolutly"
required.

Doctrine DBAL 4.1.0 also includes new platform
implementation for some database platforms and
this change adds them as extend replacements
to ensure working state with TYPO3 DB Analyzer.

Note that previous TYPO3 v13.x composer instances
needs to limit doctrine/dbal to 4.0.x on their own
to avoid breaking behaviour.

Used command(s):

\
  composer require --no-update --no-install \
    -d typo3/sysext/redirects \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^4.1" \
  && composer require --no-update --no-install \
    -d typo3/sysext/core \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^4.1" \
  && composer require --no-update --no-install \
    -d typo3/sysext/install \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^4.1" \
  && composer require "doctrine/dbal":"^4.1"

[1] https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/releases/tag/4.1.0
[2] doctrine/dbal#6280
[3] doctrine/dbal#6482
[4] doctrine/dbal#6490

Resolves: #104628
Releases: main
Change-Id: I53c86feed17abc6a90625e27fb135f606a57fc9f
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/85620
Reviewed-by: Christian Kuhn <lolli@schwarzbu.ch>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Kienast <a.fernandez@scripting-base.de>
Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Tested-by: Christian Kuhn <lolli@schwarzbu.ch>
Tested-by: Andreas Kienast <a.fernandez@scripting-base.de>
Tested-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>

composer.json

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 		"sort-packages": true
 	},
 	"require": {
-		"doctrine/dbal": "^4.0.2",
+		"doctrine/dbal": "^4.1",
 		"guzzlehttp/promises": "^2.0.3",
 		"nikic/php-parser": "^5.0.1",
 		"symfony/finder": "^7.1",