Allow to specify ID when adding to the FAISS vectorstore. (langchain-…

…ai#5190)

# Allow to specify ID when adding to the FAISS vectorstore

This change allows unique IDs to be specified when adding documents /
embeddings to a faiss vectorstore.

- This reflects the current approach with the chroma vectorstore.
- It allows rejection of inserts on duplicate IDs
- will allow deletion / update by searching on deterministic ID (such as
a hash).
- If not specified, a random UUID is generated (as per previous
behaviour, so non-breaking).

This commit fixes langchain-ai#5065 and langchain-ai#3896 and should fix langchain-ai#2699 indirectly. I've
tested adding and merging.

Kindly tagging @Xmaster6y @dev2049 for review.

---------

Co-authored-by: Ati Sharma <ati@agalmic.ltd>
Co-authored-by: Harrison Chase <hw.chase.17@gmail.com>

langchain/vectorstores/faiss.py

@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ def __add(
         texts: Iterable[str],
         embeddings: Iterable[List[float]],
         metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None,
+        ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> List[str]:
         if not isinstance(self.docstore, AddableMixin):
@@ -107,6 +108,8 @@ def __add(
         for i, text in enumerate(texts):
             metadata = metadatas[i] if metadatas else {}
             documents.append(Document(page_content=text, metadata=metadata))
+        if ids is None:
+            ids = [str(uuid.uuid4()) for _ in texts]
         # Add to the index, the index_to_id mapping, and the docstore.
         starting_len = len(self.index_to_docstore_id)
         faiss = dependable_faiss_import()
@@ -115,10 +118,7 @@ def __add(
             faiss.normalize_L2(vector)
         self.index.add(vector)
         # Get list of index, id, and docs.
-        full_info = [
-            (starting_len + i, str(uuid.uuid4()), doc)
-            for i, doc in enumerate(documents)
-        ]
+        full_info = [(starting_len + i, ids[i], doc) for i, doc in enumerate(documents)]
         # Add information to docstore and index.
         self.docstore.add({_id: doc for _, _id, doc in full_info})
         index_to_id = {index: _id for index, _id, _ in full_info}
@@ -129,13 +129,15 @@ def add_texts(
         self,
         texts: Iterable[str],
         metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None,
+        ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> List[str]:
         """Run more texts through the embeddings and add to the vectorstore.
 
         Args:
             texts: Iterable of strings to add to the vectorstore.
             metadatas: Optional list of metadatas associated with the texts.
+            ids: Optional list of unique IDs.
 
         Returns:
             List of ids from adding the texts into the vectorstore.
@@ -147,12 +149,13 @@ def add_texts(
             )
         # Embed and create the documents.
         embeddings = [self.embedding_function(text) for text in texts]
-        return self.__add(texts, embeddings, metadatas, **kwargs)
+        return self.__add(texts, embeddings, metadatas=metadatas, ids=ids, **kwargs)
 
     def add_embeddings(
         self,
         text_embeddings: Iterable[Tuple[str, List[float]]],
         metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None,
+        ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> List[str]:
         """Run more texts through the embeddings and add to the vectorstore.
@@ -161,6 +164,7 @@ def add_embeddings(
             text_embeddings: Iterable pairs of string and embedding to
                 add to the vectorstore.
             metadatas: Optional list of metadatas associated with the texts.
+            ids: Optional list of unique IDs.
 
         Returns:
             List of ids from adding the texts into the vectorstore.
@@ -174,7 +178,7 @@ def add_embeddings(
 
         texts = [te[0] for te in text_embeddings]
         embeddings = [te[1] for te in text_embeddings]
-        return self.__add(texts, embeddings, metadatas, **kwargs)
+        return self.__add(texts, embeddings, metadatas=metadatas, ids=ids, **kwargs)
 
     def similarity_search_with_score_by_vector(
         self, embedding: List[float], k: int = 4
@@ -346,13 +350,13 @@ def merge_from(self, target: FAISS) -> None:
         # Merge two IndexFlatL2
         self.index.merge_from(target.index)
 
-        # Create new id for docs from target FAISS object
+        # Get id and docs from target FAISS object
         full_info = []
-        for i in target.index_to_docstore_id:
-            doc = target.docstore.search(target.index_to_docstore_id[i])
+        for i, target_id in target.index_to_docstore_id.items():
+            doc = target.docstore.search(target_id)
             if not isinstance(doc, Document):
                 raise ValueError("Document should be returned")
-            full_info.append((starting_len + i, str(uuid.uuid4()), doc))
+            full_info.append((starting_len + i, target_id, doc))
 
         # Add information to docstore and index_to_docstore_id.
         self.docstore.add({_id: doc for _, _id, doc in full_info})
@@ -366,6 +370,7 @@ def __from(
         embeddings: List[List[float]],
         embedding: Embeddings,
         metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None,
+        ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
         normalize_L2: bool = False,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> FAISS:
@@ -376,13 +381,13 @@ def __from(
             faiss.normalize_L2(vector)
         index.add(vector)
         documents = []
+        if ids is None:
+            ids = [str(uuid.uuid4()) for _ in texts]
         for i, text in enumerate(texts):
             metadata = metadatas[i] if metadatas else {}
             documents.append(Document(page_content=text, metadata=metadata))
-        index_to_id = {i: str(uuid.uuid4()) for i in range(len(documents))}
-        docstore = InMemoryDocstore(
-            {index_to_id[i]: doc for i, doc in enumerate(documents)}
-        )
+        index_to_id = dict(enumerate(ids))
+        docstore = InMemoryDocstore(dict(zip(index_to_id.values(), documents)))
         return cls(
             embedding.embed_query,
             index,
@@ -398,6 +403,7 @@ def from_texts(
         texts: List[str],
         embedding: Embeddings,
         metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None,
+        ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> FAISS:
         """Construct FAISS wrapper from raw documents.
@@ -422,7 +428,8 @@ def from_texts(
             texts,
             embeddings,
             embedding,
-            metadatas,
+            metadatas=metadatas,
+            ids=ids,
             **kwargs,
         )
 
@@ -432,6 +439,7 @@ def from_embeddings(
         text_embeddings: List[Tuple[str, List[float]]],
         embedding: Embeddings,
         metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None,
+        ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> FAISS:
         """Construct FAISS wrapper from raw documents.
@@ -459,7 +467,8 @@ def from_embeddings(
             texts,
             embeddings,
             embedding,
-            metadatas,
+            metadatas=metadatas,
+            ids=ids,
             **kwargs,
         )