Author: Vortex
Password Validator

Running instructions: Call python3 ./passwordvalidator.py in terminal or import it as a library to call from another program.

Acknowledgements:
	Documentation used: https://docs.python.org/3/library/secrets.html
			    https://docs.python.org/3/library/random.html

Notes and Assumptions:
	This program assumes that it will be passed a string when asked to validate a password, and that an integer will be passed when generating a password.
	I have written some tests in the provided test file that can be ran with "make" or "make test". Doing so will generate 100000 ten character passwords 
	and validate them. 

	When running from a terminal, the user will be prompted to select whether they want to generate or validate a password. The program will not exit
	until Q is passed at this step or an interrupt "Ctrl-C".

	It is important to note that when generating extremely large passwords (>1000000) or many passwords (like in my test of 100000) the program may
	take some time to complete.

	Additionally, when generating a password I had some difficulty taking the subset of indexes that I required due to my use of the None type in
	recording character occurances. This is why I used a for loop to remove the intersection of password and character_position. This is required
	to prevent the removal of a character necessary for the password to be secure. Doing it this way prevents additional loops and increases speed.

	For validate instead of four different checks to see what is contained at a given index in the password a regex could've been used. I elected not to 
	because I believe this makes it more readable and the fact that I did not feel like learning regex.

	Along these lines, I broke the four checks into a new function called character_type_position because I found that I used virtually the same code in
	both validate and generate.

	An interesting side effect of my generate implementation is that it is not necessary to call validate from within generate. I.e. a valid password will
	always be created on the first iteration. This allows it to be imported without validate being imported. A prior iteration used recursion, which rapidly hit max recursion depth and only worked for small passwords
	(<100).

	Other than that, see my comments for more info on specific lines and what functions take and return.