Backport #65772 to 6.7

[ciampo]

Manually fix conflicts (in the CHANGELOG) and backport #65772 to the 6.7 release as agreed with @aaronrobertshaw in #65772 (comment)

[github-actions]

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Co-authored-by: ramonjd <ramonopoly@git.wordpress.org>
Co-authored-by: ciampo <mciampini@git.wordpress.org>
Co-authored-by: andrewserong <andrewserong@git.wordpress.org>
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[andrewserong]

This backport is testing nicely for me!

✅ I can create a bunch of colors all with the same name
✅ I can set these colors within the editor
✅ The colors are applied correctly on the site frontend, and the numbering is deduped correctly

LGTM! 🚀

[aaronrobertshaw]

Thanks for getting this backport sorted while I was AFK @ciampo 🚀

I've given this another test and it is working as advertised for me also. The only minor difference I spotted compared to the original PR was in the components changelog and I've left an inline comment there.

All in all, LGTM 🚢

[ramonjd]

Thank you for taking care of all this, everyone!