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A collection of beginner Internet of Things(IoT) projects to simulate hardware and software integration in tech we use every day. Please refer to the outline below to see the hardware utilized and project goal/results.

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Internet Of Things(IoT) Project Outline

A collection of Internet of Things(IoT) projects utilizing an arduino uno, jumpwires, thermoresistors, a breadboard, batteries, and various sensors to simulate hardware and software integration. Please refer to the outline below to see the hardware utilized and project goal/results. Your results may vary depending on your computer's hardware.

Highlighted Projects:

Battery Powered Step Counter

To run the projects below you'll need:

  • Hardware components listed per project
  • Arduino's open-source IDE software (utilized v. 1.8.16)

Project #1: Temperature Sensor

Project Goal: To record the temperature readings off the thermistor such as room temperature and more.

Hardware Utilized:

Project #2: Validating Properties of Thermistors

Project Goal: By touching the thermistor, we want to record the relationship between temperature and the thermistor's resistance values. We should recognize a pattern between the two.

Hardware Utilized:

Project #3: Storing Sensory Data to a SD Card

Project Goal: After recording 10 minutes worth of temperature readings from the thermistor, we'll want to store that data within an SD card. The file and data should be legible through a note reading program such as notepad.

Hardware Utilized:

Project #4: Recording Frequencies of an SD Card

Project Goal: By recording the thermistor's temperature and decreasing the output delay displayed to the serial monitor little by little - When we recognize there's no change to the runtimes despite the delay being decreased, we can determine the write frequency of our SD card.

Hardware Utilized:

Project #5: Voltage Sensor

Project Goal: By recording the thermistor's temperature, we can detect the voltage between the connection of the thermistor and our resistor through our voltage sensor.

Hardware Utilized:

Project #6: Verifying Thermistor Resistance with the Thermistor Voltage

Project Goal: After recording the thermistor's resistance from project 2, let's verify that these are accurate by utilizing the thermistor's voltage readings and utilizing an equation of where:

Resistance = ((5.0 - VoltageIn)/VoltageIn)) * Ohm of Resistor

Hardware Utilized:

Project #7: Hall-Based Current Sensor

Project Goal: We'll utilize a 100 Ohm resistor & apply 5V across it, checking to see if the raw current readings are stable and accurate. Physical separation between the sensing component and current is ideal for high-power applications. We'll see a lot of 'noise' as inaccurate readings and account for this by deducting the current readings when the board is powered on from the current readings when powered off over the same period of time and take an average of that. What we'll see is an average current reading around 0.05A which stands correct by(I = V/R):

Current = 5V / 100 Ohm Resistor

Hardware Utilized:

Project #8: Current Readings through Sensor vs Voltage Sensor

Project Goal: We'll be comparing the different current readings between a voltage sensor and utilzing the current sensor and seeing how those values differ real time on the serial monitor.

Hardware Utilized:

Project #9: LED Activation with Microphone

Project Goal: On our breadboard we'll attach microphone sensor and when it's triggered by noise in both a silent and busy room with background noise, we'll want an LED attached to our breadboard to light up.

micTestVideo.mp4

Hardware Utilized:

Project #10: Recording Gyrosensor Data to SD Card

Project Goal: Utilizing a 3-axis accelerometer gyroscope sensor, we'll be able to detect changes in the user's position and save that data to a SD card. To allow portability with the arduino board, we'll utilize a 9V battery as the power source.

Hardware Utilized:

Project #11: Step Counter

Project Goal: With our 3-axis accelerometer gyroscope sensor & 9V battery power source, we'll create a relatively-accurate step counter where each step is recorded based on our gyroscope sensor. This is to simulate a similar function that we see in many of our smart devices today.

stepCounterVideo.mp4

Hardware Utilized:

Project #12: TX-Power to RX-LED

Project Goal: We'll have an LED on our RX-side(receiver) and when the incoming voltage > voltage threshold from the TX-side(voltage source), our LED will be powered on high - otherwise, if the incoming voltage < voltage threshold, our led will be powered on low which appears like it's off.

Hardware Utilized:

Project #13: RX vs. TX Synchronous LED Activation (Morse Code Usage)

Project Goal: We'll have two LEDS on two different sides: an RX-side(receiver) and TX-side(battery-powered & button activated) and when the button is pressed on the TX-side, this will permit the current to pass through and we'll see the LED activated on both the TX & RX sides. This is to simulate a user communicating in morse code through a light output(in our case, an LED).

RxLEDvsTxLED.mp4

Hardware Utilized:

Project #14: Calculating a Battery's State of Change w/ Voltage Readings

Project Goal: Utilizing a fully-charged 9V battery, we'll record the voltage coming in through the battery's full discharge cycle. Our calculations estimate that a 9V(600mAh) battery discharing at 10hz at 100Ohm should be completely discharged within 6.67 hours. The battery's discharge cycle readings will be recorded to an SD card which we can compare to the actual data. A summarize report detailing our calculations, predictions, and comparison to the actual data has been included as well.

Hardware Utilized:

Project #15: Estimating a Battery's Age

Project Goal: Thank you to Professor Liang at UC Denver, who has provided his data of a 2400mAH battery's charge capacity, discharge capcacity, state of health(SoH), cycle number, voltage, current readings, and much more over the course of 6 months. To summarize, my report shows how the battery's state of health is calculated and how it's state of health and end voltage changes over the course of the battery's life cycle. We compare these two variables over time and note some possibilities contributing to the results we see over the battery's lifecycle.

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A collection of beginner Internet of Things(IoT) projects to simulate hardware and software integration in tech we use every day. Please refer to the outline below to see the hardware utilized and project goal/results.

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