This CMOD-S6 SoC grew out of the desire to demonstrate that a useful ZipCPU soft core implementation could be made in a very small space. In particular, one of the purposes of the ZipCPU was to be able to operate successfully in a very area-challenged environment. The CMOD-S6, as sold by Digilent Inc., provides this environment for this project.
For those not familiar with the ZipCPU, it is a soft core CPU designed specifically for small area implementations. The CPU is a full 32-bit CPU, designed as a RISC load/store architecture, having a full set of thirty-two 32-bit registers (of which 16 may be used at any one time), and has a single wishbone bus for both instructions and data (Von Neumann architecture). The particular implementation of the ZipCPU used for this SoC project is not pipelined, nor does it have either instruction or data caches--they simply wouldn't fit within the FPGA. Still, a CPU is a CPU and this CPU will execute the instructions given to it faithfully.
A SoC is really a soft core CPU combined with a bus, giving the CPU access to a variety of peripherals. In this case, the CMod-S6 SoC offers the user with the following peripherals:
- An I/O space containing a. an interrupt controller b. the address of the last bus error c. a system timer d. a watchdog timer e. an audio controller consisting of a PRM driver and another (supporting) timer f. a GPIO controller capable of implementing SPI and I2C (SPI is working, as this is used to drive the display successfully) g. UART Rx/Tx h. support for the on-board LED's and buttons, as well as for ... i. an external 16-character keypad controller.
- A debug scope, capable of recording 1024 words of debugging information within the core upon any trigger.
- A 16-kB On-chip block RAM
- 16-MB flash for holding both the FPGA configuration as well as any user programs. (The configuration takes about 512kB of flash.)
All of these peripherals have been tested, and they are known to work.
This board will be (has been!) proven with the (imaginary) task of implementing a security light for a home. The light works in this fashion: when someone presses the doorbell (one of the on-board buttons), the system will then play a doorbell sound on the audio port, and turn on the outdoor lights for a half an hour. Further, the keypad will allow a user to set the current time, and set times when the outdoor lights should not be turned on (i.e., during the daytime). Finally, the GPIO pins will be used to control a 2-line display that will show either a blank screen (if not being used), the time of the last doorbell press, or a menu driven screen for use with the keypad.
The UART will be (has been) used primarily as a debug port, both to output current status (ala debug by printf), as well as to allow access to a second S6 configuration which can be used for programming the flash.
20160523: I am going to place this project down in my "done" category of projects. It currently does all that I have asked of it and all that I intended the project to do. Please feel free to write if you have comments, thoughts, questions, or even suggestions.
20170126: I'm in the process of updating the project to work with the newer version of the ZipCPU--the one that can handle the more traditional 8-bit bytes, rather than the 32-bit bytes the original ZipCPU could only handle.
20170309: All of the prior ZipOS functionality now works (again) using the new ZipCPU.
20170321: The CPU can now execute instructions from flash in about 20 clocks per instruction--a number which includes the 8-20 clocks just to read from the flash. Further, because this uses a simpler flash controller, and a simpler set of UART controllers, the whole CPU takes even fewer LUTs than before.
20170514: I'm placing this project back on my done list of tasks. It works again, and now with C--library support as well. Even better, I can run 4x4x4 Tic-Tac-Toe on the board using only standard library interfaces.
Because this design is very small, it can easily be included into a larger design with minimal impact to that design.
Should you find the GPLv3 license insufficient for your needs, other licenses can be purchased from Gisselquist Technology, LLC.