Update requests to 2.20.0

[pyup-bot]

This PR updates requests from 2.6.0 to 2.20.0.

Changelog

2.20.0

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Content-Type header parsing is now case-insensitive (e.g.
 charset=utf8 v Charset=utf8).
-   Fixed exception leak where certain redirect urls would raise
 uncaught urllib3 exceptions.
-   Requests removes Authorization header from requests redirected
 from https to http on the same hostname. (CVE-2018-18074)
-   `should_bypass_proxies` now handles URIs without hostnames (e.g.
 files).

**Dependencies**

- Requests now supports urllib3 v1.24.

**Deprecations**

- Requests has officially stopped support for Python 2.6.

2.19.1

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Fixed issue where status\_codes.py's `init` function failed trying
 to append to a `__doc__` value of `None`.

2.19.0

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   Warn user about possible slowdown when using cryptography version
 < 1.3.4
-   Check for invalid host in proxy URL, before forwarding request to
 adapter.
-   Fragments are now properly maintained across redirects. (RFC7231
 7.1.2)
-   Removed use of cgi module to expedite library load time.
-   Added support for SHA-256 and SHA-512 digest auth algorithms.
-   Minor performance improvement to `Request.content`.
-   Migrate to using collections.abc for 3.7 compatibility.

**Bugfixes**

-   Parsing empty `Link` headers with `parse_header_links()` no longer
 return one bogus entry.
-   Fixed issue where loading the default certificate bundle from a zip
 archive would raise an `IOError`.
-   Fixed issue with unexpected `ImportError` on windows system which do
 not support `winreg` module.
-   DNS resolution in proxy bypass no longer includes the username and
 password in the request. This also fixes the issue of DNS queries
 failing on macOS.
-   Properly normalize adapter prefixes for url comparison.
-   Passing `None` as a file pointer to the `files` param no longer
 raises an exception.
-   Calling `copy` on a `RequestsCookieJar` will now preserve the cookie
 policy correctly.

**Dependencies**

-   We now support idna v2.7.
-   We now support urllib3 v1.23.

2.18.4

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   Error messages for invalid headers now include the header name for
 easier debugging

**Dependencies**

-   We now support idna v2.6.

2.18.3

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   Running `$ python -m requests.help` now includes the installed
 version of idna.

**Bugfixes**

-   Fixed issue where Requests would raise `ConnectionError` instead of
 `SSLError` when encountering SSL problems when using urllib3 v1.22.

2.18.2

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   `requests.help` no longer fails on Python 2.6 due to the absence of
 `ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER`.

**Dependencies**

-   We now support urllib3 v1.22.

2.18.1

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Fix an error in the packaging whereby the `*.whl` contained
 incorrect data that regressed the fix in v2.17.3.

2.18.0

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   `Response` is now a context manager, so can be used directly in a
 `with` statement without first having to be wrapped by
 `contextlib.closing()`.

**Bugfixes**

-   Resolve installation failure if multiprocessing is not available
-   Resolve tests crash if multiprocessing is not able to determine the
 number of CPU cores
-   Resolve error swallowing in utils set\_environ generator

2.17.3

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   Improved `packages` namespace identity support, for monkeypatching
 libraries.

2.17.2

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   Improved `packages` namespace identity support, for monkeypatching
 libraries.

2.17.1

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   Improved `packages` namespace identity support, for monkeypatching
 libraries.

2.17.0

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   Removal of the 301 redirect cache. This improves thread-safety.

2.16.5

-------------------

-   Improvements to `$ python -m requests.help`.

2.16.4

-------------------

-   Introduction of the `$ python -m requests.help` command, for
 debugging with maintainers!

2.16.3

-------------------

-   Further restored the `requests.packages` namespace for compatibility
 reasons.

2.16.2

-------------------

-   Further restored the `requests.packages` namespace for compatibility
 reasons.

No code modification (noted below) should be necessary any longer.

2.16.1

-------------------

-   Restored the `requests.packages` namespace for compatibility
 reasons.
-   Bugfix for `urllib3` version parsing.

**Note**: code that was written to import against the
`requests.packages` namespace previously will have to import code that
rests at this module-level now.

For example:

 from requests.packages.urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager

Will need to be re-written to be:

 from requests.packages import urllib3
 urllib3.poolmanager.PoolManager

Or, even better:

 from urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager

2.16.0

-------------------

-   Unvendor ALL the things!

2.15.1

-------------------

-   Everyone makes mistakes.

2.15.0

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   Introduction of the `Response.next` property, for getting the next
 `PreparedResponse` from a redirect chain (when
 `allow_redirects=False`).
-   Internal refactoring of `__version__` module.

**Bugfixes**

-   Restored once-optional parameter for
 `requests.utils.get_environ_proxies()`.

2.14.2

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Changed a less-than to an equal-to and an or in the dependency
 markers to widen compatibility with older setuptools releases.

2.14.1

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Changed the dependency markers to widen compatibility with older pip
 releases.

2.14.0

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   It is now possible to pass `no_proxy` as a key to the `proxies`
 dictionary to provide handling similar to the `NO_PROXY` environment
 variable.
-   When users provide invalid paths to certificate bundle files or
 directories Requests now raises `IOError`, rather than failing at
 the time of the HTTPS request with a fairly inscrutable certificate
 validation error.
-   The behavior of `SessionRedirectMixin` was slightly altered.
 `resolve_redirects` will now detect a redirect by calling
 `get_redirect_target(response)` instead of directly querying
 `Response.is_redirect` and `Response.headers['location']`. Advanced
 users will be able to process malformed redirects more easily.
-   Changed the internal calculation of elapsed request time to have
 higher resolution on Windows.
-   Added `win_inet_pton` as conditional dependency for the `[socks]`
 extra on Windows with Python 2.7.
-   Changed the proxy bypass implementation on Windows: the proxy bypass
 check doesn't use forward and reverse DNS requests anymore
-   URLs with schemes that begin with `http` but are not `http` or
 `https` no longer have their host parts forced to lowercase.

**Bugfixes**

-   Much improved handling of non-ASCII `Location` header values in
 redirects. Fewer `UnicodeDecodeErrors` are encountered on Python 2,
 and Python 3 now correctly understands that Latin-1 is unlikely to
 be the correct encoding.
-   If an attempt to `seek` file to find out its length fails, we now
 appropriately handle that by aborting our content-length
 calculations.
-   Restricted `HTTPDigestAuth` to only respond to auth challenges made
 on 4XX responses, rather than to all auth challenges.
-   Fixed some code that was firing `DeprecationWarning` on Python 3.6.
-   The dismayed person emoticon (`/o\\`) no longer has a big head. I'm
 sure this is what you were all worrying about most.

**Miscellaneous**

-   Updated bundled urllib3 to v1.21.1.
-   Updated bundled chardet to v3.0.2.
-   Updated bundled idna to v2.5.
-   Updated bundled certifi to 2017.4.17.

2.13.0

-------------------

**Features**

-   Only load the `idna` library when we've determined we need it. This
 will save some memory for users.

**Miscellaneous**

-   Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.20.
-   Updated bundled idna to 2.2.

2.12.5

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Fixed an issue with JSON encoding detection, specifically detecting
 big-endian UTF-32 with BOM.

2.12.4

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Fixed regression from 2.12.2 where non-string types were rejected in
 the basic auth parameters. While support for this behaviour has been
 readded, the behaviour is deprecated and will be removed in the
 future.

2.12.3

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Fixed regression from v2.12.1 for URLs with schemes that begin with
 "http". These URLs have historically been processed as though they
 were HTTP-schemed URLs, and so have had parameters added. This was
 removed in v2.12.2 in an overzealous attempt to resolve problems
 with IDNA-encoding those URLs. This change was reverted: the other
 fixes for IDNA-encoding have been judged to be sufficient to return
 to the behaviour Requests had before v2.12.0.

2.12.2

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Fixed several issues with IDNA-encoding URLs that are technically
 invalid but which are widely accepted. Requests will now attempt to
 IDNA-encode a URL if it can but, if it fails, and the host contains
 only ASCII characters, it will be passed through optimistically.
 This will allow users to opt-in to using IDNA2003 themselves if they
 want to, and will also allow technically invalid but still common
 hostnames.
-   Fixed an issue where URLs with leading whitespace would raise
 `InvalidSchema` errors.
-   Fixed an issue where some URLs without the HTTP or HTTPS schemes
 would still have HTTP URL preparation applied to them.
-   Fixed an issue where Unicode strings could not be used in basic
 auth.
-   Fixed an issue encountered by some Requests plugins where
 constructing a Response object would cause `Response.content` to
 raise an `AttributeError`.

2.12.1

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Updated setuptools 'security' extra for the new PyOpenSSL backend in
 urllib3.

**Miscellaneous**

-   Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.19.1.

2.12.0

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   Updated support for internationalized domain names from IDNA2003 to
 IDNA2008. This updated support is required for several forms of IDNs
 and is mandatory for .de domains.
-   Much improved heuristics for guessing content lengths: Requests will
 no longer read an entire `StringIO` into memory.
-   Much improved logic for recalculating `Content-Length` headers for
 `PreparedRequest` objects.
-   Improved tolerance for file-like objects that have no `tell` method
 but do have a `seek` method.
-   Anything that is a subclass of `Mapping` is now treated like a
 dictionary by the `data=` keyword argument.
-   Requests now tolerates empty passwords in proxy credentials, rather
 than stripping the credentials.
-   If a request is made with a file-like object as the body and that
 request is redirected with a 307 or 308 status code, Requests will
 now attempt to rewind the body object so it can be replayed.

**Bugfixes**

-   When calling `response.close`, the call to `close` will be
 propagated through to non-urllib3 backends.
-   Fixed issue where the `ALL_PROXY` environment variable would be
 preferred over scheme-specific variables like `HTTP_PROXY`.
-   Fixed issue where non-UTF8 reason phrases got severely mangled by
 falling back to decoding using ISO 8859-1 instead.
-   Fixed a bug where Requests would not correctly correlate cookies set
 when using custom Host headers if those Host headers did not use the
 native string type for the platform.

**Miscellaneous**

-   Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.19.
-   Updated bundled certifi certs to 2016.09.26.

2.11.1

-------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Fixed a bug when using `iter_content` with `decode_unicode=True` for
 streamed bodies would raise `AttributeError`. This bug was
 introduced in 2.11.
-   Strip Content-Type and Transfer-Encoding headers from the header
 block when following a redirect that transforms the verb from
 POST/PUT to GET.

2.11.0

-------------------

**Improvements**

-   Added support for the `ALL_PROXY` environment variable.
-   Reject header values that contain leading whitespace or newline
 characters to reduce risk of header smuggling.

**Bugfixes**

-   Fixed occasional `TypeError` when attempting to decode a JSON
 response that occurred in an error case. Now correctly returns a
 `ValueError`.
-   Requests would incorrectly ignore a non-CIDR IP address in the
 `NO_PROXY` environment variables: Requests now treats it as a
 specific IP.
-   Fixed a bug when sending JSON data that could cause us to encounter
 obscure OpenSSL errors in certain network conditions (yes, really).
-   Added type checks to ensure that `iter_content` only accepts
 integers and `None` for chunk sizes.
-   Fixed issue where responses whose body had not been fully consumed
 would have the underlying connection closed but not returned to the
 connection pool, which could cause Requests to hang in situations
 where the `HTTPAdapter` had been configured to use a blocking
 connection pool.

**Miscellaneous**

-   Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.16.
-   Some previous releases accidentally accepted non-strings as
 acceptable header values. This release does not.

2.10.0

-------------------

**New Features**

-   SOCKS Proxy Support! (requires PySocks;
 `$ pip install requests[socks]`)

**Miscellaneous**

-   Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.15.1.

2.9.2

------------------

**Improvements**

-   Change built-in CaseInsensitiveDict (used for headers) to use
 OrderedDict as its underlying datastore.

**Bugfixes**

-   Don't use redirect\_cache if allow\_redirects=False
-   When passed objects that throw exceptions from `tell()`, send them
 via chunked transfer encoding instead of failing.
-   Raise a ProxyError for proxy related connection issues.

2.9.1

------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Resolve regression introduced in 2.9.0 that made it impossible to
 send binary strings as bodies in Python 3.
-   Fixed errors when calculating cookie expiration dates in certain
 locales.

**Miscellaneous**

-   Updated bundled urllib3 to 1.13.1.

2.9.0

------------------

**Minor Improvements** (Backwards compatible)

-   The `verify` keyword argument now supports being passed a path to a
 directory of CA certificates, not just a single-file bundle.
-   Warnings are now emitted when sending files opened in text mode.
-   Added the 511 Network Authentication Required status code to the
 status code registry.

**Bugfixes**

-   For file-like objects that are not seeked to the very beginning, we
 now send the content length for the number of bytes we will actually
 read, rather than the total size of the file, allowing partial file
 uploads.
-   When uploading file-like objects, if they are empty or have no
 obvious content length we set `Transfer-Encoding: chunked` rather
 than `Content-Length: 0`.
-   We correctly receive the response in buffered mode when uploading
 chunked bodies.
-   We now handle being passed a query string as a bytestring on Python
 3, by decoding it as UTF-8.
-   Sessions are now closed in all cases (exceptional and not) when
 using the functional API rather than leaking and waiting for the
 garbage collector to clean them up.
-   Correctly handle digest auth headers with a malformed `qop`
 directive that contains no token, by treating it the same as if no
 `qop` directive was provided at all.
-   Minor performance improvements when removing specific cookies by
 name.

**Miscellaneous**

-   Updated urllib3 to 1.13.

2.8.1

------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Update certificate bundle to match `certifi` 2015.9.6.2's weak
 certificate bundle.
-   Fix a bug in 2.8.0 where requests would raise `ConnectTimeout`
 instead of `ConnectionError`
-   When using the PreparedRequest flow, requests will now correctly
 respect the `json` parameter. Broken in 2.8.0.
-   When using the PreparedRequest flow, requests will now correctly
 handle a Unicode-string method name on Python 2. Broken in 2.8.0.

2.8.0

------------------

**Minor Improvements** (Backwards Compatible)

-   Requests now supports per-host proxies. This allows the `proxies`
 dictionary to have entries of the form
 `{'<scheme>://<hostname>': '<proxy>'}`. Host-specific proxies will
 be used in preference to the previously-supported scheme-specific
 ones, but the previous syntax will continue to work.
-   `Response.raise_for_status` now prints the URL that failed as part
 of the exception message.
-   `requests.utils.get_netrc_auth` now takes an `raise_errors` kwarg,
 defaulting to `False`. When `True`, errors parsing `.netrc` files
 cause exceptions to be thrown.
-   Change to bundled projects import logic to make it easier to
 unbundle requests downstream.
-   Changed the default User-Agent string to avoid leaking data on
 Linux: now contains only the requests version.

**Bugfixes**

-   The `json` parameter to `post()` and friends will now only be used
 if neither `data` nor `files` are present, consistent with the
 documentation.
-   We now ignore empty fields in the `NO_PROXY` environment variable.
-   Fixed problem where `httplib.BadStatusLine` would get raised if
 combining `stream=True` with `contextlib.closing`.
-   Prevented bugs where we would attempt to return the same connection
 back to the connection pool twice when sending a Chunked body.
-   Miscellaneous minor internal changes.
-   Digest Auth support is now thread safe.

**Updates**

-   Updated urllib3 to 1.12.

2.7.0

------------------

This is the first release that follows our new release process. For
more, see [our
documentation](http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/community/release-process/).

**Bugfixes**

-   Updated urllib3 to 1.10.4, resolving several bugs involving chunked
 transfer encoding and response framing.

2.6.2

------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Fix regression where compressed data that was sent as chunked data
 was not properly decompressed. (\2561)

2.6.1

------------------

**Bugfixes**

-   Remove VendorAlias import machinery introduced in v2.5.2.
-   Simplify the PreparedRequest.prepare API: We no longer require the
 user to pass an empty list to the hooks keyword argument. (c.f.
 \2552)
-   Resolve redirects now receives and forwards all of the original
 arguments to the adapter. (\2503)
-   Handle UnicodeDecodeErrors when trying to deal with a unicode URL
 that cannot be encoded in ASCII. (\2540)
-   Populate the parsed path of the URI field when performing Digest
 Authentication. (\2426)
-   Copy a PreparedRequest's CookieJar more reliably when it is not an
 instance of RequestsCookieJar. (\2527)

Links

• PyPI: https://pypi.org/project/requests
• Changelog: https://pyup.io/changelogs/requests/
• Homepage: http://python-requests.org