Fix sdist verification in CI after we standardized packaging

Airflow Sdist packages have been broken by #37340 and fixed by 37388,
but we have not noticed it because CI check for sdist packages has
been broken since #36537 where we standardized naming of the sdist
packages to follow modern syntax (and we silently skipped installation
because no providers were found),.

This PR fixes it:

* changes the naming format expected to follow the new standard
* treats "no providers found as error"

The "no providers" as success was useful at some point of time when we
run sdist as part of regular PRs and some PRs resulted in "no providers
changed" condition, however sdist verification only happens now in
canary build (so all providers are affected) as well as we have if
condition in the job itself to skip the step of installation if there
are no providers.

dev/breeze/src/airflow_breeze/commands/release_management_commands.py

@@ -887,7 +887,7 @@ def generate_constraints(
     list_generated_constraints(output=None)
 
 
-SDIST_FILENAME_PREFIX = "apache-airflow-providers-"
+SDIST_FILENAME_PREFIX = "apache_airflow_providers_"
 WHEEL_FILENAME_PREFIX = "apache_airflow_providers-"
 
 SDIST_FILENAME_PATTERN = re.compile(rf"{SDIST_FILENAME_PREFIX}(.*)-[0-9].*\.tar\.gz")
@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@ def install_provider_packages(
         provider_chunks = [chunk for chunk in provider_chunks if chunk]
         if not provider_chunks:
             get_console().print("[info]No providers to install")
-            return
+            sys.exit(1)
         total_num_providers = 0
         for index, chunk in enumerate(provider_chunks):
             get_console().print(f"Chunk {index}: {chunk} ({len(chunk)} providers)")