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* docs: add plugin filter usage example

* Update docs/en/latest/terminology/plugin.md

Co-authored-by: Alex Zhang <tokers@apache.org>

Co-authored-by: soulbird <zhaothree@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: 罗泽轩 <spacewanderlzx@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Alex Zhang <tokers@apache.org>
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142 changes: 115 additions & 27 deletions docs/en/latest/terminology/plugin.md
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Expand Up @@ -76,7 +76,19 @@ ip-restriction exits with http status code 403

## Plugin common configuration

Some common configurations can be applied to the plugin configuration. For example,
Some common configurations can be applied to plugins through the `_meta` configuration items, the specific configuration items are as follows:

| Name | Type | Description |
|--------------|------|-------------|
| error_response | string/object | Custom error response |
| priority | integer | Custom plugin priority |
| filter | array | Depending on the requested parameters, it is decided at runtime whether the plugin should be executed. Something like this: `{{var, operator, val}, {var, operator, val}, ...}}`. For example: `{"arg_version", "==", "v2"}`, indicating that the current request parameter `version` is `v2`. The variables here are consistent with NGINX internal variables. For details on supported operators, please see [lua-resty-expr](https://github.com/api7/lua-resty-expr#operator-list). |

### Custom error response

Through the `error_response` configuration, you can configure the error response of any plugin to a fixed value to avoid troubles caused by the built-in error response information of the plugin.

The configuration below means to customize the error response of the `jwt-auth` plugin to '{"message": "Missing credential in request"}'.

```json
{
Expand All @@ -90,33 +102,9 @@ Some common configurations can be applied to the plugin configuration. For examp
}
```

the configuration above means customizing the error response from the jwt-auth plugin to '{"message": "Missing credential in request"}'.
### Custom plugin priority

```
{
"jwt-auth": {
"_meta": {
"filter": {
{"arg_version", "==", "v2"}
}
}
}
}
```

This configuration example means that the `jwt-auth` plugin will only execute if `version` in the request parameter equals `v2`.

### Plugin common configuration under `_meta`

| Name | Type | Description |
|--------------|------|-------------|
| error_response | string/object | Custom error response |
| priority | integer | Custom plugin priority |
| filter | array | Depending on the requested parameters, it is decided at runtime whether the plugin should be executed. List of variables to match for filtering requests for conditional traffic split. It is in the format {variable operator value}. For example, `{"arg_name", "==", "json"}`. The variables here are consistent with Nginx internal variables. For details on supported operators, please see [lua-resty-expr](https://github.com/api7/lua-resty-expr#operator-list). |

### Custom Plugin priority

All plugins have a default priority, but it is possible to customize the plugin priority to change the plugin's execution order.
All plugins have default priorities, but through the `priority` configuration item you can customize the plugin priority and change the plugin execution order.

```json
{
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -152,6 +140,106 @@ The above configuration means setting the priority of the serverless-pre-functio

:::

### Dynamically control whether the plugin is executed

By default, all plugins specified in the route will be executed. But we can add a filter to the plugin through the `filter` configuration item, and control whether the plugin is executed through the execution result of the filter.

The configuration below means that the `proxy-rewrite` plugin will only be executed if the `version` value in the request query parameters is `v2`.

```json
{
"proxy-rewrite": {
"_meta": {
"filter": [
["arg_version", "==", "v2"]
]
},
"uri": "/anything"
}
}
```

Create a complete route with the below configuration:

```json
{
"uri": "/get",
"plugins": {
"proxy-rewrite": {
"_meta": {
"filter": [
["arg_version", "==", "v2"]
]
},
"uri": "/anything"
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}
```

When the request does not have any parameters, the `proxy-rewrite` plugin will not be executed, the request will be proxy to the upstream `/get`:

```shell
curl -v /dev/null http://127.0.0.1:9080/get -H"host:httpbin.org"
```

```shell
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
......
< Server: APISIX/2.15.0
<
{
"args": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "curl/7.79.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-62eb6eec-46c97e8a5d95141e621e07fe",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "httpbin.org"
},
"origin": "127.0.0.1, 117.152.66.200",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/get"
}
```

When the parameter `version=v2` is carried in the request, the `proxy-rewrite` plugin is executed, and the request will be proxy to the upstream `/anything`:

```shell
curl -v /dev/null http://127.0.0.1:9080/get?version=v2 -H"host:httpbin.org"
```

```shell
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
......
< Server: APISIX/2.15.0
<
{
"args": {
"version": "v2"
},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "curl/7.79.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-62eb6f02-24a613b57b6587a076ef18b4",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "httpbin.org"
},
"json": null,
"method": "GET",
"origin": "127.0.0.1, 117.152.66.200",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/anything?version=v2"
}
```

## Hot reload

APISIX Plugins are hot-loaded. This means that there is no need to restart the service if you add, delete, modify plugins, or even if you update the plugin code. To hot-reload, you can send an HTTP request through the [Admin API](../admin-api.md):
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140 changes: 114 additions & 26 deletions docs/zh/latest/terminology/plugin.md
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Expand Up @@ -68,7 +68,19 @@ local _M = {

## 插件通用配置

一些通用的配置可以应用于插件配置。比如说。
通过 `_meta` 配置项可以将一些通用的配置应用于插件，具体配置项如下：

| 名称 | 类型 | 描述 |
|--------------|------|----------------|
| error_response | string/object | 自定义错误响应。 |
| priority | integer | 自定义插件优先级。 |
| filter | array | 根据请求的参数，在运行时控制插件是否执行。此配置由一个或多个 {var, operator, val} 元素组成列表，类似：{{var, operator, val}, {var, operator, val}, ...}}。例如 `{"arg_version", "==", "v2"}`，表示当前请求参数 `version` 是 `v2`。这里的 `var` 与 NGINX 内部自身变量命名是保持一致。操作符的具体用法请看[lua-resty-expr](https://github.com/api7/lua-resty-expr#operator-list) 的 operator-list 部分。|

### 自定义错误响应

通过 `error_response` 配置，可以将任意插件的错误响应配置成一个固定的值，避免因为插件内置的错误响应信息而带来困扰。

如下配置表示将 `jwt-auth` 插件的错误响应自定义为 '{"message": "Missing credential in request"}'。

```json
{
Expand All @@ -82,33 +94,9 @@ local _M = {
}
```

上面的配置意味着将 jwt-auth 插件的错误响应自定义为 '{"message": "Missing credential in request"}'。

```
{
"jwt-auth": {
"_meta": {
"filter": {
{"arg_version", "==", "v2"}
}
}
}
}
```

这个配置示例意味着只有在请求参数中 `version` 等于 `v2` 时 `jwt-auth` 插件才会执行。

### 在 `_meta` 下的插件通用配置

| 名称 | 类型 | 描述 |
|--------------|------|----------------|
| error_response | string/object | 自定义错误响应 |
| priority | integer | 自定义插件优先级 |
| filter | array | 根据请求的参数，在运行时控制插件是否执行。由一个或多个{var, operator, val}元素组成列表，类似这样：{{var, operator, val}, {var, operator, val}, ...}}。例如：`{"arg_name", "==", "json"}`，表示当前请求参数 name 是 json。这里的 var 与 Nginx 内部自身变量命名是保持一致。操作符的具体用法请看[lua-resty-expr](https://github.com/api7/lua-resty-expr#operator-list) 的 operator-list 部分。|

### 自定义插件优先级

所有插件都有默认优先级，但是可以自定义插件优先级来改变插件执行顺序。
所有插件都有默认优先级，但你仍可以通过 `priority` 配置项来自定义插件优先级，从而改变插件执行顺序。

```json
{
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -142,6 +130,106 @@ serverless-pre-function 的默认优先级是 10000，serverless-post-function
- 自定义插件优先级只会影响插件实例绑定的主体，不会影响该插件的所有实例。比如上面的插件配置属于路由 A ，路由 B 上的插件 serverless-post-function 和 serverless-post-function 插件执行顺序不会受到影响，会使用默认优先级。
- 自定义插件优先级不适用于 consumer 上配置的插件的 rewrite 阶段。路由上配置的插件的 rewrite 阶段将会优先运行，然后才会运行 consumer 上除 auth 插件之外的其他插件的 rewrite 阶段。

### 动态控制插件是否执行

默认情况下，在路由中指定的插件都会被执行。但是我们可以通过 `filter` 配置项为插件添加一个过滤器，通过过滤器的执行结果控制插件是否执行。

如下配置表示，只有当请求查询参数中 `version` 值为 `v2` 时，`proxy-rewrite` 插件才会执行。

```json
{
"proxy-rewrite": {
"_meta": {
"filter": [
["arg_version", "==", "v2"]
]
},
"uri": "/anything"
}
}
```

使用下述配置创建一条完整的路由：

```json
{
"uri": "/get",
"plugins": {
"proxy-rewrite": {
"_meta": {
"filter": [
["arg_version", "==", "v2"]
]
},
"uri": "/anything"
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}
```

当请求中不带任何参数时，`proxy-rewrite` 插件不会执行，请求将被转发到上游的 `/get`:

```shell
curl -v /dev/null http://127.0.0.1:9080/get -H"host:httpbin.org"
```

```shell
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
......
< Server: APISIX/2.15.0
<
{
"args": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "curl/7.79.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-62eb6eec-46c97e8a5d95141e621e07fe",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "httpbin.org"
},
"origin": "127.0.0.1, 117.152.66.200",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/get"
}
```

当请求中携带参数 `version=v2` 时，`proxy-rewrite` 插件执行，请求将被转发到上游的 `/anything`:

```shell
curl -v /dev/null http://127.0.0.1:9080/get?version=v2 -H"host:httpbin.org"
```

```shell
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
......
< Server: APISIX/2.15.0
<
{
"args": {
"version": "v2"
},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "curl/7.79.1",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-62eb6f02-24a613b57b6587a076ef18b4",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "httpbin.org"
},
"json": null,
"method": "GET",
"origin": "127.0.0.1, 117.152.66.200",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/anything?version=v2"
}
```

## 热加载

APISIX 的插件是热加载的，不管你是新增、删除还是修改插件，都不需要重启服务。
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