GH-39930: [C++] Use Requires instead of Libs for system RE2 in arrow.…

…pc (#39932)

### Rationale for this change

We chose Libs{,.private} with libre2.a for system RE2 in GH-10626. Because "Require{,.private} re2" may add "-std=c++11". If "-std=c++11" was added, users can't build Apache Arrow C++ because Apache Arrow C++ requires C++17 or later.

But this approach doesn't work with RE2 2024-06-01 or later because it at least requires Abseil. If we keep the Libs{,.private} approach, we also need to add Abseil libraries to Libs{,.private}. But it's unmaintainable.

### What changes are included in this PR?

Let's use "Requires{,.private} re2" instead of Libs{,.private}. I hope recent re2.pc doesn't add "-std=c++11".

### Are these changes tested?

Yes.

### Are there any user-facing changes?

Yes.
* Closes: #39930

Authored-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>

cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake

@@ -2594,16 +2594,11 @@ macro(build_re2)
 endmacro()
 
 if(ARROW_WITH_RE2)
-  # Don't specify "PC_PACKAGE_NAMES re2" here because re2.pc may
-  # include -std=c++11. It's not compatible with C source and C++
-  # source not uses C++ 11.
-  resolve_dependency(re2 HAVE_ALT TRUE)
-  if(${re2_SOURCE} STREQUAL "SYSTEM" AND ARROW_BUILD_STATIC)
-    get_target_property(RE2_TYPE re2::re2 TYPE)
-    if(NOT RE2_TYPE STREQUAL "INTERFACE_LIBRARY")
-      string(APPEND ARROW_PC_LIBS_PRIVATE " $<TARGET_FILE:re2::re2>")
-    endif()
-  endif()
+  resolve_dependency(re2
+                     HAVE_ALT
+                     TRUE
+                     PC_PACKAGE_NAMES
+                     re2)
   add_definitions(-DARROW_WITH_RE2)
 endif()