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| title: 使用开源实时监控 HertzBeat 监控 Linux 操作系统 | ||
| author: tom | ||
| author_title: tom | ||
| author_url: https://github.com/tomsun28 | ||
| author_image_url: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/24788200?s=400&v=4 | ||
| tags: [opensource, practice] | ||
| keywords: [开源监控系统, 操作系统监控, Linux监控] | ||
| --- | ||
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| ## 使用开源实时监控系统 HertzBeat 对 Linux 操作系统的监控告警实践，5分钟搞定！ | ||
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| ### HertzBeat 介绍 | ||
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| > HertzBeat 是一款开源，易用友好的实时监控系统，无需Agent，拥有强大自定义监控能力。 | ||
| - 集**监控-告警-通知为一体**，支持对应用服务，数据库，操作系统，中间件，云原生等监控，阈值告警，告警通知(邮件微信钉钉飞书短信 Slack Discord Telegram)。 | ||
| - 其将Http,Jmx,Ssh,Snmp,Jdbc等协议规范可配置化，只需配置YML就能使用这些协议去自定义采集任何您想要采集的指标。您相信只需配置YML就能立刻适配一个K8s或Docker等新的监控类型吗？ | ||
| - HertzBeat 的强大自定义，多类型支持，易扩展，低耦合，希望能帮助开发者和中小团队快速搭建自有监控系统。 | ||
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| Github: https://github.com/dromara/hertzbeat | ||
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| ### 在 HertzBeat 5分钟搞定对 Linux 的监控 | ||
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| #### 操作前提，您已拥有 Linux 环境和 HertzBeat 环境。 | ||
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| - HertzBeat [安装部署文档](https://hertzbeat.com/docs/start/docker-deploy) | ||
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| #### 在开源监控系统 HertzBeat 监控页面添加对 Linux 操作系统监控 | ||
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| 1. 点击新增 Linux 监控 | ||
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| 路径：菜单 -> 操作系统监控 -> Linux操作系统 -> 新增Linux操作系统监控 | ||
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|  | ||
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| 2. 配置新增监控 Linux 所需参数 | ||
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| 在监控页面填写 Linux **对端IP**，**SSH端口**(默认22)，**账户密码等**，最后点击确定添加即可。 | ||
| 其他参数如**采集间隔**，**超时时间**等可以参考帮助文档 https://hertzbeat.com/docs/help/mysql/ | ||
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| 3. 完成✅,现在我们已经添加好对 Linux 的监控了，查看监控列表即可看到我们的添加项。 | ||
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| 4. 点击监控列表项的**操作**->**监控详情图标** 即可浏览 Linux 的实时监控指标数据。 | ||
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| 5. 点击**监控历史详情TAB** 即可浏览 Linux 的历史监控指标数据图表📈。 | ||
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| **DONE！完成啦！不需要我们去部署agent或者各种繁琐操作，是不是很简单** | ||
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| - **只需一步在 HertzBeat 监控页面配置IP端口账户密码添加 Linux 监控即可** | ||
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| ### Linux 采集指标 | ||
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| #### 指标集合：basic | ||
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| | 指标名称 | 指标单位 | 指标帮助描述 | | ||
| | ----------- | ----------- | ----------- | | ||
| | hostname | 无 | 主机名称 | | ||
| | version | 无 | 操作系统版本 | | ||
| | uptime | 无 | 系统运行时间 | | ||
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| #### 指标集合：cpu | ||
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| | 指标名称 | 指标单位 | 指标帮助描述 | | ||
| | ----------- | ----------- | ----------- | | ||
| | info | 无 | CPU型号 | | ||
| | cores | 核数 | CPU内核数量 | | ||
| | interrupt | 个数 | CPU中断数量 | | ||
| | load | 无 | CPU最近1/5/15分钟的平均负载 | | ||
| | context_switch | 个数 | 当前上下文切换数量 | | ||
| | usage | % | CPU使用率 | | ||
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| #### 指标集合：memory | ||
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| | 指标名称 | 指标单位 | 指标帮助描述 | | ||
| | ----------- | ----------- | ----------- | | ||
| | total | Mb | 总内存容量 | | ||
| | used | Mb | 用户程序内存量 | | ||
| | free | Mb | 空闲内存容量 | | ||
| | buff_cache | Mb | 缓存占用内存 | | ||
| | available | Mb | 剩余可用内存容量 | | ||
| | usage | % | 内存使用率 | | ||
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| #### 指标集合：disk | ||
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| | 指标名称 | 指标单位 | 指标帮助描述 | | ||
| | ----------- | ----------- | ----------- | | ||
| | disk_num | 块数 | 磁盘总数 | | ||
| | partition_num | 分区数 | 分区总数 | | ||
| | block_write | 块数 | 写入磁盘的总块数 | | ||
| | block_read | 块数 | 从磁盘读出的块数 | | ||
| | write_rate | iops | 每秒写磁盘块的速率 | | ||
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| #### 指标集合：interface | ||
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| | 指标名称 | 指标单位 | 指标帮助描述 | | ||
| | ----------- | ----------- | ----------- | | ||
| | interface_name | 无 | 网卡名称 | | ||
| | receive_bytes | byte | 入站数据流量(bytes) | | ||
| | transmit_bytes | byte | 出站数据流量(bytes) | | ||
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| #### 指标集合：disk_free | ||
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| | 指标名称 | 指标单位 | 指标帮助描述 | | ||
| | ----------- | ----------- | ----------- | | ||
| | filesystem | 无 | 文件系统的名称 | | ||
| | used | Mb | 已使用磁盘大小 | | ||
| | available | Mb | 可用磁盘大小 | | ||
| | usage | % | 使用率 | | ||
| | mounted | 无 | 挂载点目录 | | ||
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| :::tip | ||
| 通过上面我们就完成了对 Linux 的监控，我们可以在 HertzBeat 随时查看Linux的各种指标状态和可用性。 | ||
| 当然不可能人工一直实时查看指标，监控往往伴随着告警阈值，当 Linux 的性能指标超出我们的阈值或Linux本身异常时，能及时的通知到我们对应的负责人，负责人收到通知处理，这样才是一个完整的监控告警流程。 | ||
| ::: | ||
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| **接下来我们就来一步一步演示如何配置 HertzBeat 系统里的阈值告警通知，当 Linux 的指标异常时，及时通知给我们** | ||
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| #### 三. 在 HertzBeat 系统添加 Linux 指标阈值告警 | ||
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| 1. 对某个重要指标配置告警阈值 | ||
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| 路径：菜单 -> 阈值规则 -> 新增阈值 | ||
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| - 选择配置的指标对象，Linux 监控主要是cpu 内存 磁盘 网络性能等相关指标，我们举例对 `CPU利用率` `cpu` -> `usage` 这个指标进行阈值设置， 当Linux cpu利用率大于90%时发出告警。 | ||
| - 这里我们就配置当此指标`cpu` 的 `usage>90` 时发出告警，告警级别为**警告告警**，三次即触发，具体如下图。 | ||
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| 2. 新增消息通知接收人 | ||
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| > 配置接收人，让告警消息知道要发给谁，用什么方式发。 | ||
| 路径：菜单 -> 告警通知 -> 告警接收人 -> 新增接收人 | ||
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| 消息通知方式支持 **邮件，钉钉，企业微信，飞书，WebHook，短信**等，我们这里以常用的钉钉为例。 | ||
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| - 参照此[帮助文档](https://hertzbeat.com/docs/help/alert_dingtalk) https://hertzbeat.com/docs/help/alert_dingtalk 在钉钉端配置机器人，设置安全自定义关键词`HertzBeat`，获取对应`access_token`值。 | ||
| - 在 HertzBeat 配置接收人参数如下。 | ||
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| 【告警通知】->【新增接收人】 ->【选择钉钉机器人通知方式】->【设置钉钉机器人ACCESS_TOKEN】-> 【确定】 | ||
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| 3. 配置关联的告警通知策略⚠️ 【新增通知策略】-> 【将刚设置的接收人关联】-> 【确定】 | ||
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| > 配置告警通知策略，让告警消息与接收人绑定，这样就能决定哪些告警发给哪个人。 | ||
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| ### 完毕，现在坐等告警消息过来啦。叮叮叮叮 | ||
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| ``` | ||
| [HertzBeat告警通知] | ||
| 告警目标对象 : linux.cpu.usage | ||
| 所属监控ID : 483783444839382 | ||
| 所属监控名称 : Linux_182.33.34.2 | ||
| 告警级别 : 警告告警 | ||
| 告警触发时间 : 2023-02-15 21:13:44 | ||
| 内容详情 : The linux cpu usage is too high. now is 95. | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## 小结 | ||
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| :::tip | ||
| 这篇实践文章带我们体验了如何使用开源实时监控系统 HertzBeat 来监控 Linux 指标数据，可以发现集 `监控-告警-通知` 的 HertzBeat 在操作与使用方面更加的便捷，只需页面上简单点一点就能把 Linux 纳入监控并告警通知，再也不需要部署多个组件编写配置文件那些繁琐操作了。 | ||
| ::: | ||
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| > 只需要一条docker命令即可安装体验heartbeat: | ||
| `docker run -d -p 1157:1157 --name hertzbeat tancloud/hertzbeat` | ||
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| ## What is HertzBeat? | ||
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| > [HertzBeat赫兹跳动](https://github.com/dromara/hertzbeat) 是一个拥有强大自定义监控能力，无需Agent的实时监控告警系统。应用服务，数据库，操作系统，中间件，云原生等监控，阈值告警，告警通知(邮件微信钉钉飞书短信 Discord Slack Telegram)。 | ||
| > 我们将`Http,Jmx,Ssh,Snmp,Jdbc`等协议规范可配置化，只需配置YML就能使用这些协议去自定义采集任何您想要采集的指标。 | ||
| > 您相信只需配置YML就能立刻适配一个K8s或Docker等新的监控类型吗？ | ||
| > `HertzBeat`的强大自定义，多类型支持，易扩展，低耦合，希望能帮助开发者和中小团队快速搭建自有监控系统。 | ||
| **Github: https://github.com/dromara/hertzbeat** | ||
| **Gitee: https://gitee.com/dromara/hertzbeat** | ||
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| ## ⛄ Supported | ||
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| - 网站监控, 端口可用性, Http Api, Ping连通性, Jvm, SiteMap全站, Ssl证书, SpringBoot, FTP服务器 | ||
| - Mysql, PostgreSQL, MariaDB, Redis, ElasticSearch, SqlServer, Oracle, MongoDB, 达梦, OpenGauss, ClickHouse, IoTDB | ||
| - Linux, Ubuntu, CentOS, Windows | ||
| - Tomcat, Nacos, Zookeeper, RabbitMQ, Flink, Kafka, ShenYu, DynamicTp, Jetty, ActiveMQ | ||
| - Kubernetes, Docker | ||
| - 和更多您的自定义监控。 | ||
| - 通知支持 `Discord` `Slack` `Telegram` `邮件` `钉钉` `微信` `飞书` `短信` `Webhook`。 |
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home/i18n/en/docusaurus-plugin-content-blog/2023-02-15-monitor-linux.md
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| --- | ||
| title: Monitoring Linux Operating Systems Using Open Source Real-Time Monitoring HertzBeat | ||
| author: tom | ||
| author_title: tom | ||
| author_url: https://github.com/tomsun28 | ||
| author_image_url: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/24788200?s=400&v=4 | ||
| tags: [opensource, practice] | ||
| keywords: [Open source monitoring system, operating system monitoring, Linux monitoring] | ||
| --- | ||
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| ## Use the open source real-time monitoring system HertzBeat to monitor and alarm the Linux operating system, and it will be done in 5 minutes! | ||
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| ### Introduction to HertzBeat | ||
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| > HertzBeat is an open source, easy-to-use and friendly real-time monitoring system that does not require Agent and has powerful custom monitoring capabilities. | ||
| - Integrate **monitoring-alarm-notification**, support monitoring of application services, databases, operating systems, middleware, cloud native, etc., threshold alarms, alarm notifications (email WeChat Dingding Feishu SMS Slack Discord Telegram). | ||
| - It configurable protocol specifications such as Http, Jmx, Ssh, Snmp, Jdbc, etc. You only need to configure YML to use these protocols to customize and collect any indicators you want to collect. Do you believe that you can immediately adapt to a new monitoring type such as K8s or Docker just by configuring YML? | ||
| - HertzBeat's powerful customization, multi-type support, easy expansion, and low coupling, hope to help developers and small and medium teams quickly build their own monitoring systems. | ||
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| Github: https://github.com/dromara/hertzbeat | ||
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| ### Get Linux Monitoring Done in HertzBeat in 5 Minutes | ||
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| #### Prerequisites, you already have a Linux environment and a HertzBeat environment. | ||
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| - HertzBeat [Installation and deployment documentation](https://hertzbeat.com/docs/start/docker-deploy) | ||
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| #### Add monitoring of the Linux operating system to the monitoring page of the open source monitoring system HertzBeat | ||
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| 1. Click Add Linux Monitoring | ||
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| Path: Menu -> Operating System Monitoring -> Linux Operating System -> Add Linux Operating System Monitoring | ||
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| 2. Configure the parameters required for new monitoring Linux | ||
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| Fill in the Linux **peer IP**, **SSH port** (default 22), **account password, etc.** on the monitoring page, and finally click OK to add. | ||
| For other parameters such as **collection interval**, **timeout period**, etc., please refer to the help document https://hertzbeat.com/docs/help/mysql/ | ||
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| 3. Complete ✅, now we have added the monitoring of Linux, check the monitoring list to see our added items. | ||
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| 4. Click **Operation**->**Monitoring Details Icon** of the monitoring list item to browse the real-time monitoring indicator data of Linux. | ||
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| 5. Click **Monitoring History Details TAB** to browse the historical monitoring indicator data chart of Linux📈. | ||
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| **DONE! Done! To sum up, it only takes one step** | ||
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| - **On the HertzBeat monitoring page, configure the IP port account password and add Linux monitoring** | ||
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| :::tip | ||
| Through the above two steps, we have completed the monitoring of Linux. We can view the monitoring details and indicators in HertzBeat at any time to observe its service status. | ||
| Of course, just looking at it is definitely not perfect. Monitoring is often accompanied by alarm thresholds. When Linux performance indicators exceed our expectations or are abnormal, we can promptly notify our corresponding person in charge. The person in charge receives the notification and handles the problem. It is a complete monitoring and alarm process. | ||
| ::: | ||
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| **Next, we will demonstrate step by step how to configure threshold alarm notifications in the HertzBeat system, so that when Linux indicators are found to be abnormal, they will be notified to us in time** | ||
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| #### 3. Add Linux indicator threshold alarm in HertzBeat system | ||
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| 1. Configure an alarm threshold for an important indicator | ||
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| Path: Menu -> Threshold Rules -> Add Threshold | ||
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| - Select the configured indicator object. Linux monitors mainly related indicators such as cpu, memory, disk, network performance, etc. For example, we set the threshold for the indicator `CPU utilization` `cpu` -> `usage`. When the Linux cpu utilization is greater than 90% When a warning is issued. | ||
| - Here we configure to send an alarm when the `usage>90` of this indicator `cpu`, the alarm level is **Warning Alarm**, which will be triggered after three times, as shown in the figure below. | ||
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| 2. Add message notification recipients | ||
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| > Configure the receiver to let the alarm message know who to send and how to send it. | ||
| Path: Menu -> Alarm Notification -> Alarm Recipient -> Add New Recipient | ||
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| Message notification methods support **email, DingTalk, WeChat Work, Feishu, WebHook, SMS**, etc. Here we take the commonly used DingTalk as an example. | ||
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| - Refer to this [Help Documentation](https://hertzbeat.com/docs/help/alert_dingtalk) https://hertzbeat.com/docs/help/alert_dingtalk to configure the robot on DingTalk and set the security custom keyword `HertzBeat `, get the corresponding `access_token` value. | ||
| - Configure the receiver parameters in HertzBeat as follows. | ||
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| 【Alarm Notification】->【New Recipient】->【Select DingTalk Robot Notification Method】->【Set DingTalk Robot ACCESS_TOKEN】->【OK】 | ||
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| 3. Configure the associated alarm notification strategy ⚠️ [Add notification strategy] -> [Associate the recipient just set] -> [OK] | ||
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| > Configure the alarm notification policy to bind the alarm message with the receiver, so that you can decide which alarms to send to whom. | ||
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| ### Finished, now wait for the warning message to come. ding ding ding ding | ||
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| ``` | ||
| [HertzBeat warning notification] | ||
| Alarm target object: linux.cpu.usage | ||
| Affiliated monitoring ID: 483783444839382 | ||
| Belonging monitoring name: Linux_182.33.34.2 | ||
| Alarm level: warning alarm | ||
| Alarm trigger time: 2023-02-15 21:13:44 | ||
| Content details: The linux cpu usage is too high. now is 95. | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## Summary | ||
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| :::tip | ||
| This practical article took us to experience how to use the open source real-time monitoring system HertzBeat to monitor Linux indicator data. We can find that HertzBeat, which integrates `monitoring-alarm-notification`, is more convenient in operation and use. Linux can be included in the monitoring and alarm notification, and there is no need to deploy multiple components and write configuration files. | ||
| ::: | ||
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| > Only one docker command is needed to install and experience heartbeat: | ||
| `docker run -d -p 1157:1157 --name hertzbeat tancloud/hertzbeat` | ||
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| ## What is Hertz Beat? | ||
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| > [HertzBeat Hertz Beat](https://github.com/dromara/hertzbeat) is a real-time monitoring and alarm system with powerful custom monitoring capabilities and no Agent required. Monitoring of application services, databases, operating systems, middleware, cloud native, etc., threshold alarms, and alarm notifications (email, WeChat, Dingding, Feishu, SMS, Discord, Slack, Telegram). | ||
| > We make protocol specifications such as `Http, Jmx, Ssh, Snmp, Jdbc` configurable, and you only need to configure YML to use these protocols to customize and collect any indicators you want to collect. | ||
| > Do you believe that you can immediately adapt to a new monitoring type such as K8s or Docker just by configuring YML? | ||
| > The powerful customization of `HertzBeat`, multi-type support, easy expansion, and low coupling, hope to help developers and small and medium-sized teams quickly build their own monitoring systems. | ||
| **Github: https://github.com/dromara/hertzbeat** | ||
| **Gitee: https://gitee.com/dromara/hertzbeat** | ||
|
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| ## ⛄ Supported | ||
|
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| - Website Monitoring, Port Availability, Http Api, Ping Connectivity, Jvm, SiteMap, Ssl Certificate, SpringBoot, FTP Server | ||
| - Mysql, PostgreSQL, MariaDB, Redis, ElasticSearch, SqlServer, Oracle, MongoDB, Dameng, OpenGauss, ClickHouse, IoTDB | ||
| - Linux, Ubuntu, CentOS, Windows | ||
| - Tomcat, Nacos, Zookeeper, RabbitMQ, Flink, Kafka, ShenYu, DynamicTp, Jetty, ActiveMQ | ||
| -Kubernetes, Docker | ||
| - and more for your custom monitoring. | ||
| - Notification support `Discord` `Slack` `Telegram` `Mail` `DingTalk` `WeChat` `Feishu` `SMS` `Webhook`. |
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